Kungani uhulumeni wesikhashana imisiwe ikhambi umbuzo nezokulima? Izenzakalo Yesikhashana Uhulumeni

Ngemva Februwari Revolution-1917 ngonyaka amandla uhulumeni wesikhashana, okwaqala ngo ngoNdasa ngasekupheleni kukaMfumfu. Ekuqaleni, yigunya elisha ukujabulele ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ithemba negunya phakathi kwabantu kanye namaqembu ezepolitiki (ngaphandle amaBolshevik). Kodwa okubaluleke kunakho konke, inkinga yezolimo uhulumeni wesikhashana uye yanquma, ngenxa okuyinto elahlekile ukwesekwa kanye liketulwa ngempela kalula.

eliyifa

Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga nge ezweni Chief ekomidi lezemihlaba yasungulwa ngaphansi Uhulumeni, yibona ababenza umsebenzi omningi ukuthi bakhele phezu kwelwazi izinhlelo beqembu Labaqalayo. IKomiti wamemezela izinguquko, yayihloselwe ukudluliswa kwendawo yezolimo abalimi ukusebenzisa. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, kwathiwa bazitshela ukuthi izimo ukudluliswa kungavunyelwa zathathwa noma ukona. Lesi sakamuva kwadala impikiswano enkulu: bachithe noma ngaphandle isihlengo kuye. Lapho ubufakazi umehluko, Nokho, iziphathimandla ziye hhayi okuxoxwe ezingeni olusemthethweni le nkinga.

Ngakho kungani uhulumeni wesikhashana imisiwe ikhambi umbuzo nezokulima? Izizathu kumele wafuna kwasekuqaleni njengengxenye kahulumeni uqobo. Amalungu amaningi kakhulu iqembu Kadet, ababengamalungu eqembu le-igunya main ukuthi ngokwabo kwadingeka Holdings enkulu ezweni, ezazingekho isikulungele ukushiya.

Izinhlinzeko eyinhloko izinguquko

Kwanqunywa ukuthi luvimbele nokwehlukaniswa Holdings, ukuhlinzeka izimpahla eziyisisekelo, amapulazi elikhiqizayo, kanye nezigaba kwabanikazi bamazwe, owanikela kwesivuno ezinkulu futhi kwadingeka izinkomba okusezingeni eliphezulu ukusebenza. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhizinisi ezinkulu kufanele uyasala zabanikazi.

Ngokuvamile, izinguquko ubeka kungenzeka bokuhlukaniswa komhlaba, kodwa abalimi kwadingeka bakhokhele ukulala lesi sihlengo esinzima kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uthole izwe ayengakwenza ikakhulukazi lowo oye waba umnotho wakhe siqu. iziza elikhulu ngesikhathi esifanayo wahlala zabanikazi uma zinikeza kokusetshenziswa komhlaba kwaba kabili isilinganiso kwezolimo yangasese.

Kungani uhulumeni wesikhashana imisiwe ikhambi umbuzo nezokulima?

Incazelo elisemandleni yokwesaba kuphazamise izisekelo endaweni yangasese. Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha izinyathelo esingathí sina esingaletha nganoma iyiphi indlela kwephule amalungelo abanikazi umhlaba, akekho owaba nesibindi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi iRussia ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ngokuzimisela kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ingxenye enkulu sezikhonzi ngandlela-thile ephethwe landholdings ezinkulu. Ukuphazamisa labo wahola ibutho, akazange siphumele: kungaholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo sekulingisa izixazululo okwamanje kwenziwa. Ngakho, izinqumo ezimbili engunyaza. Ngokusho ngowokuqala ( "On ukuvikelwa izitshalo"), abanikazi bamazwe ziye zaphoqeleka ukuba ukuqasha iziza singenamuntu kulabo okuhlose ngibatshale. Eyesibili enikeziwe ukusungulwa amaKomidi Land, umsebenzi oyinhloko okwakukhona sokulungiselela nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo. Bakhandwa elisungulwe 30% ezifundazweni ingxenye European yeRussia. Ukuba khona yokugcina akajabuli kakhulu kuhulumeni. Nokho, ukuqonda zonke ekuphumeni izikhundla zomphakathi kunokuba aye empini e abalimi naphakathi ophoqelelwe athambise isandla, iziphathimandla wayethemba ukuthi kuyoke kwenzeke ukuba ukuzisebenzisela izinjongo zabo. isingeniso eqondile kabusha ngokwayo bangaphezi lihlehlisiwe. Lokhu umsebenzi ivame ukuba bayeke ukuba ababamele Assembly, okuyinto ayikwazanga abize.

discordance ongumlimi

AmaBolshevik ngokuthi izizathu zabo kungani uhulumeni wesikhashana imisiwe ikhambi umbuzo kwezolimo, nangekhono abayisebenzisa, okuyobangela kakade umlilo ingozi. Izwe waqala ukuthuthumela nokuzamazama uya imibuthano nokuguqulwa wasekela abantu yafuna imithetho ayezosenza umhlaba amalungelo. nemithetho kahulumeni zihunyushelwa ngobubanzi kakhulu, ukuze Kwathi kokuquleka okulula umhlaba nokuhlukanisa yayo phakathi abalimi. Kwakamuva yafuna bomhlaba ohlanganyelwe, lapho kungaba khona abalimi ngabanye.

Iziphathimandla Infantilism itsintsa kuye kwaholela yokuthi ekwindla uqalile komphakathi semvelo sezifunda zaleli zwe - kokulunyulwa kwesabelo kusukela kulendawo. Eyokuqala Uhulumeni Yesikhashana wayengakwazi ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo ezikhulayo like inqubo Snowball ka nokwabela abantu indawo. Kuyinto kulezizimo kungaba wusizo kakhulu bawa kwamaBolshevik iziqubulo. Ochwepheshe ehlaziya izizathu zokuthi kungani uhulumeni wesikhashana imisiwe ikhambi umbuzo kwezolimo, abavumelana ukuthi zonke zehla hhayi kuphela nokusaba ukulahlekelwa ukulawula, kodwa futhi ukwethula bebodwa "zobugovu" inzalo.