Kola bay: Esidlule Nezanamuhla, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ugu yeNhlonhlo Kola yayihlanganiswa izizwe Finno-Ugric ku Stone Age. Ngemva umbhaphathizo Rus la mazwe weza bamakoloni Novgorod, ngubani babehilelekile ngokudoba izilwane zasemanzini nokudoba. On ibhange kwanoma iyiphi emzaneni Russian. Emakhulwini eminyaka th 17-19 Peninsula labantu wahlala ikakhulu reindeer nenhlanzi inyamazane (isikali zezimboni). Kwakuthinta kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, Kola Bay wayebhekwa njengomuntu amasu (hhayi kuphela kwezomnotho!) Okubalulekile. Kube limiswa itheku - manje kwekulu kwe-Arctic Circle.

isikhundla ezindawo

Kutholwe ku-Gulf coast yeNhlonhlo Kola, Murmansk. It neyasemhlabeni Cola isiphetho oye sekuvele emfuleni eponymous cishe ngekhulu le-11. incazelo eningiliziwe Gulf kwakwenziwa Mihailom Frantsevichem uReyneke, ikhanda bomkhankaso lokuhlola amanzi, ukuhlola emngceleni osenyakatho wasolwandle weminyaka Empire Russian e 1826.

Kola bay - a Fjord zakudala, ewumngcingo (200 m kuya ku-7 km) kanye eside (angaba ngu-57 km). It ihlukaniswe yaba izizwe ezintathu, ngamunye ephethe ekujuleni ezahlukene. Imifula emikhulu emibili ithela kulo ethekwini, ngokuthi Tuloma futhi Cola. Amabhange ashaywe amatheku eminingi (Catherine Harbor Tyuva, Side). Le ndawo amanzi igcwele iziqhingi ezincane. Murmansk futhi Severomorsk idolobha avaliwe esisogwini osogwini olusempumalanga bay, emaweni futhi enamadwala. Ku-kahle, entshonalanga iyona port ye-Arctic. Ezingwini axhunyiwe ngu umgwaqo noma ibhuloho.

anomalies yemvelo

Kola bay has sici esisodwa esibalulekile: ubusika amanzi hhayi simisiwe ngisho noma izinga lokushisa ngezansi -20 ° ^C. ukufudumala njalo Gulf kuka kuleli zwekazi, umehluko kungaba eningi. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ibangwa zamanje efudumele, kodwa hhayi Gulf Stream, njengoba becabanga, futhi ukuqhubeka yayo - eNyakatho ye-Atlantic (North Cape). Yiqiniso, ngasogwini amanzi eba yiqhwa, kodwa fairway uhlale ice-DRM. Yingakho ethekwini has a ukubaluleka zamasu. Umzila oluseNyakatho kwakudingekile kakhulu ERussia phakathi no-kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, wanikeza ithemba isixhumanisi ne oMfelandawonye.

Gulf kahle kwi freezer izikhathi akukho engaphezu kwemihlanu emlandweni kokuma. Isikhathi sokugcina lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu muva - ngoJanuwari 2015. Ukwandisa endaweni kanye ukushuba ice (kufika ku 10-15 cm izindebe nasemathekwini encane) kwathiwa kubangelwa isikhathi eside okuphezulu. Eningizimu amadolo bay waphawula ukukhukhuleka ice 5 cm obukhulu.

Ibhuloho yonkana Kola Bay

Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ibhuloho imoto ngaphesheya bay 2.5 km (lapho amanzi sihamba amakhilomitha angu-1,6) wavulwa. He kubhekwa omunye yakhula kakhulu, kokubili eRussia futhi e-Arctic bebonke. Ukwakhiwa sibalulekile kwezomnotho kodwa nomphakathi hhayi kuphela. Ibhuloho uxhumanisa ezifundeni entshonalanga ne-central Murmansk lula ezihambayo ngaphakathi kwesizinda, futhi kusiza ukuxhumana esebenzayo ne omakhelwane zaseScandinavia. It has imizila emine futhi kuhloswe futhi abahamba emgwaqweni. Ekwindla ka-2014 isakhiwo lalungiswa.

Kola Bay, Murmansk endaweni yezemidlalo

Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana kwebhuloho kwadingeka, ngokusho kwezinye izinkolelo ezithakazelisayo ephathelene nayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye kwaba nesigcawu ezihlukahlukene ezemidlalo imisebenzi yokuzilibazisa ngezinga elingakanani. Kukhona nemincintiswano ihlelwe njalo okujikeleza Paintball, futhi ehlobo, ngo-June, ogwini kwesokunxele bay ngebhuloho iqala ukushisa kakhulu, okuyinto eza iqhaza ababhukudi elide kusuka ezweni lonke kanye basemazweni angomakhelwane.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngisho ehlobo Kola Bay akuyona kakhulu wokungenisa izihambi: izinga lokushisa lamanzi ayidluli 8 ^{° C} futhi ukufudumala ukubhukuda zokubhukuda emcimbini akuvunyelwe. Extreme unezela futhi wamanje oqinile lateral. Ngakho, "Murmansk imayela" - novivinyo ngoba akvayserov (abasubathi, onguchwepheshe ukubhukuda emanzini abandayo). Kudinga Ngiwumqemane, ukukhuthazela ukuqeqeshwa eside ezikhethekile.

ukudoba

Ngo 1803, i-Murman coast kwakuhlelwa okuthiwa White Sea Inkampani ekukhiqizeni izinhlanzi. Sekuyisikhathi eside Bay kwaba abadumile ngobunengi bayo. Ukubalwa kwenziwe lapha kanye nesilo ulwandle. izinsiza Okwamanje Bay kakhulu mpilo ngenxa yezinkinga zemvelo kanye ukudoba mass. Nokho, lapha kukhona namanje amathuba amahle emfuleni nokudoba ulwandle. Target zinhlobo bay yilezo izinhlobo njengoba haddock, cod, ulwe, Pollack herring. It ihlangana kanye ibaleka. Ngo zemifula yakho, ungakwazi ukubamba trout, Isakare, whitefish, Grayling, perch futhi Pike.

Nokho, ukudoba komfula (kanye ukwenziwa crab) ilayisensi liyadingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi impumelelo ukudoba kuthinte semi diurnal amagagasi we Kola Bay. Ngokusho Reinecke, zingabantu obonakala khulu futhi sifinyelele amamitha amane. Anglers abaningi bakhetha ukuze uthole eyodwa esikhathini zemifula imifula futhi ngoba mancane enobuthi kuka Gulf uqobo.

izinkinga zemvelo

izimayini uJobe futhi izitshalo nokunonophala futhi embonini kawoyela siqhubeke nethonya elilimazayo phezu Kola Bay. Photo ngasogwini lwalo ngokuvamile kuveza umbono iqiniso elibuhlungu: yonke indawo wanqwabelanisa nezitini ezenziwe ngamalahle enophahla ukwakhiwa doti futhi izitshalo, sekuyisikhathi eside saphela ukusebenza. Murmansk port uhlala kwenye yezindawo angcoliswe kakhulu ngemuva emashelufini.

Kwezinye izingxenye isimo Gulf kancane kangcono, kodwa lokuhlushwa hydrocarbon, insimbi, nethusi Udlule kuvunyelwe futhi imbangela yezifo bendawo. Okwamanje kwemvelo shayela izinkampani ukuphathwa ukuqinisekisa izinyathelo kwemvelo kanye sesimanje imishini.