Umholi weqembu nezwe likaSoviet Fedor Davydovich Kulakov: biography namaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ilungu le-Politburo yeKomiti Ephakathi YeCPSU. ESoviet Union, lokhu kwakuyizinga eliphezulu kakhulu lamandla weqembu. Kodwa iqembu liholele zonke izinqubo ezenzekayo, ngakho umnikazi weposi ufike ezindaweni eziphakeme zokuqashelwa kwezwe ezweni lakhe. Lokho kwakuyikumbulo kaFyodor Davydovich Kulakov - ngawo-1970 omunye wamalungu amancane kunazo zonke futhi ayenamandla kakhulu e-Politburo weCommunist Party yeSoviet Union.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Isifunda saseKursk, idolobha laseFitizh. Lapha ngoFebruwari 4, 1918 Kulakov wazalelwa uFedor Davydovich. Umndeni wawusondelene. Ulwazi olumayelana nobuntwana lukhulu futhi aluphelele. Ngasiza ekhaya ekhaya, ngaya esikoleni. Kusukela ngisemncane ngifunde ukunambitheka kosawoti ekuthunjeni komsebenzi ohluphekayo kanye nentengo yesinkwa esibi, isinkwa esenziwe ngezenzo. Ngakho-ke, lapho sekuyisikhathi sokunquma ngomsebenzi ozayo, ngaphandle kokungabaza ukhethe umsebenzi womlimi.

Ukufunda uFedor waya esikhungweni sesifunda esiseduze saseRylsk, ngo-1922 wavula isikole lobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Lapho futhi wangena kumfana ohluphekayo. Idolobha lasendulo elinamanye amazwe kanye nezinye izilingo alizange liphazamise le nsizwa ekufundeni okuyinhloko. UFedor Davydovich Kulakov, kusukela ebuntwaneni, wayejwayele ukwenza konke ngendlela ehle kakhulu. Lapho eneminyaka engu-20, ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni sobuchwepheshe, wathunyelwa emsebenzini esifundeni saseTambov. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwaqala umlando womsebenzi womuntu owawuhloselwe ukuphakama eziqongweni zeSoviet party party.

Ukuqala komsebenzi

Ngo-1938 isazi esincane, uFyodor Davydovich Kulakov, safika e-Uritsk esifundeni saseTver esifundeni saseTambov. Isiqu sejoro esikoleni sezobuchwepheshe sezolimo saqokwa ngaso leso sikhathi njengomsizi enhloko yomnyango, abafundisi abancane abafundisa emzaneni behluleka kakhulu. I-Stalinist eyaziwa kakhulu ihlukumeza hhayi kuphela phakathi kwezikhulu zempi. Umzana nawo wathinteka ukucindezelwa okukhulu, futhi abaholi abaningi bezolimo baboshwa futhi bagwetshwa iminyaka eminingi ejele. Futhi leli zwe lalidinga kakhulu ukudla. Ngakho-ke, i-agronomist osemusha kwakudingeka isebenze ngokungakhathali. Isimo esingokomfanekiso: ngonyaka ofanayo 1938 i- Supreme Soviet yase-USSR yasungula umklomelo we "Hero of Socialist Labor". I-Kulakov inikezwe lesi sihloko ngo-1978 ngokuhlonipha iminyaka engu-60.

E-Uritsky beet-sovkhoz, uFyodor Davydovich wasebenza njengenhloko yomnyango, futhi kamuva wadluliselwa esifundeni sasePenza njengenhloko yomnyango, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi waba isikhulu sezolimo zeZemetchinsky beet-sovkhoz. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wajoyina izinhlangano zeCommunist Party (1940).

Phakathi nempi

Ngesikhathi esifanayo nomsebenzi wokukhiqiza, i-agronomist osemusha wayesebenza eKomsomol nasezindaba zezenhlalakahle. Ngokushesha waqala umsebenzi wakhe weqembu lomsebenzi. Ngo-1941, unobhala omusha, u-Kulakov, uvele eKomidini Lesigodi saseZemetchin. UFedor Davydovich, ulwazi mayelana nokuqokwa kwakhe ngokushesha wagijima izinhlangano zeKomsomol, waqala ukuhamba okuningi ezungeze isifunda. Imisebenzi yakhe esemthethweni yaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu: manje ubephethe umsebenzi wabantu abasha kuzo zonke izinkampani zesifunda saseZemetchin.

Ukuqubuka kwempi kwaletha ukulungiswa kwayo empilweni yomholi omusha. Akazange ahanjiswe phambili, kwadingeka ochwepheshe ababengeke bahlele umsebenzi ongaphazanyiswa ngemuva. Indoda enjalo yazibonakalisa ku-Kulakov. UFedor Davydovich, obunikazi bakhe obuxhunywe ngokuqinile ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo, usebe yinhloko yomnyango wesifunda wesifunda ngemuva komsebenzi ekomidini lesifunda. Manje, emahlombe akhe, wayenakekela umsebenzi wazo zonke izinkampani zokulima zesifunda.

Futhi ngemuva kwaqamba ukunqoba

Ukugqugquzelwa okusemthethweni komholi omusha kubonisa ukuthi wayengumuntu ohlakaniphile futhi ochwepheshe kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinzima wakwazi ukuhlela ukusebenza okungaphazanyiswa kwamabhizinisi, imikhiqizo yawo eya ekunikezeni i-Red Army namabhizinisi okuvikela. Ngonyaka ka-1944, uFyodor Davydovich Kulakov wayesele ephethe ngempumelelo ikomidi eliphezulu lesifunda kanye nekomiti lesifunda leqembu esifundeni saseNikolo-Pestravsky.

Isikhathi sokulwa ngesibindi sibheke ezikhundleni zobuholi basesebasha. Ngesinye isikhathi, isiphetho sabo sasingase sihluke, kodwa ukuhlukunyezwa okunqobayo emaphethelweni, okwenziwa ngabaphathi abasha, kwakuzosekelwa ukusebenza okungaphazanyiswa ngemuva. Futhi lapha lesi sinyathelo sasizobaphathi abasha abasha bebhizinisi. Ngo-1944, lapho eneminyaka engama-26, uFyodor Davydovich waba yinhloko yomnyango wezolimo weKomiti Yezifundazwe ZasePenza kanye nokuPhathwa Kwezokulima Kwezemvelo. Kulo thunyelwe, i-Kulakov yathola ukunqoba ngoMeyi 9, 1945. Ngaphambi komholi weqembu elincane kwakukhona ukuphila okunokuthula nomsebenzi omusha othakazelisayo.

Khuphuka phezulu

Isifunda sasePenza saba indawo lapho kwakhiwa khona umholi omkhulu Fedor Kulakov. Isisebenzi sesifundazwe nesisebenzi seqembu, ngokushesha wadlulisa zonke izinyathelo zesiteji eside somsebenzi. Ngenkathi ngo-1950 wanikezwa ukuba aphethe uMkhandlu Wesigodi WasePenza Wabaphathi Babantu, kwase kuvele umholi omisiwe onesikhundla esilungisiwe nokubukwa okucacile enhlanganweni yokuphathwa komphakathi. Yiqiniso, uKuvkov akazange ahlale kulo msebenzi. Isihloko sombono kanye nochwepheshe emkhakheni wezolimo kwakunesidingo ekukhethekile kwakhe okuyinhloko. Kusukela ngo-1955 uFredor Davydovich usebenza njengeSekela likaNgqongqoshe Wezolimo, futhi ngo-1959-1960 wahola uMnyango Wezinkwa Zemizi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ugcwalisa igebe emfundweni - lapho engekho khona kuphelisa i-Institute of Agriculture (1957).

Kwabe sekwenzekile ukuthi yiziphi izibalo eziningi ze-Kulakov ezibiza ngokuthi "incwadi ehloniphekile". UFedor Davydovich wathunyelwa emsebenzini weqembu eStvropol. Lapha, kusukela ngo-1960 kuya ku-1964, wahola iKomidi Lesifunda futhi waba ilungu leKomidi Elikhulu leCommunist Party (1961). Ukubuyela eMoscow kwenzeka ngemuva kokususwa kukaKhrushchev kusuka ebuholi bezwe. Kuthiwa i-Kulakov iyingxenye eqondile yokulungisa ukuxoshwa kukaKhrushchev ehhovisi.

Phakathi kwabaphathi abaphezulu

Ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo - lokhu kwazinikezelwa emisebenzini yakhe kanye ne-biography. UFedor Kulakov eMoscow uphinde uxoxisane nezindaba ezijwayelekile kusukela ebusheni, kodwa kakade ezweni lonke - uhola umnyango wezolimo eKomidini LaseCent Party (1964-1976). Ngemva konyaka, ngo-1965, waba unobhala weKomiti Ephakathi YeCPSU. Lokhu kwakuyisimo esiphakeme, esinikeza ilungelo lokubamba iqhaza emhlanganweni we-Politburo futhi nokuba nezwi eliluleka kubo. Ngo-1971, u-Fyodor Davydovich wajoyina i-Politburo - wafinyelela enqenqemeni yamandla weqembu kanye nesifundazwe.

I-Kulakov ihluke kuningi labaholi beqembu elikhulile ababengenalwazi ngemibono engokoqobo. Ngemva kokuthola isikhundla esiphakeme, wazama ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo eSoviet Union. Ukukholelwa emibonweni yama-communist akuvimbeli ukuqonda ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhona abalimi bezwe abakwazi ukuthuthukisa futhi bakondle izwe. Uhlongoze ukusabalalisa kwabantu abaningi emadolobheni amancane amahhashi kanye nokugcinwa kwamapulazi abo. Umcabango wokwethulwa kwezolimo eSoviet Union wawubonakala ungendle, kanti uKukov waze wanikela nabalimi abakhululekile ekukhokhiseni intela eminyakeni emibili yokuqala.

Naphezu kokuthunyelwe okuphezulu, yakhululwa phesheya kuphela emazweni ase-socialist aseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ngokusobala, imibono ekhululeke kakhulu mayelana nesakhiwo sendawo yaseSoviet yaphefumula ukwesaba okuthile ukuthembeka kwakhe.

Emdongeni waseKremlin

Ukuhamba kokuphila kukaFedor Davydovich Kulakov kwakungalindelekile. Omncinyane ngezindinganiso zeSoviet nomenklatura, umholi washona ngoJulayi 17, 1978. Ukufa kwakhe okungazelelwe kwaholela ekuhleleni nasezimpumeni. Ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza okwenziwa ngempumelelo ngo-1969, iKuvkov kwaba indoda enempilo futhi enamandla. Nakuba ukugxekwa okubukhali kwemboni yezolimo kanye naye, owazwakala ngaphambi nje kosuku olujabulisayo kwelinye lama plenums weqembu, ngokuqinisekile akazange afake impilo kaFedor Davidovich.

Inguqulo esemthethweni yezizathu zokufa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Kodwa abantu ababazi uKuwakov baxoxisana nezinye izinguqulo ezingenzeka: kusukela ekubulaweni kuya ekuzibulala. Futhi izimpikiswano zokuqinisekisa umbono wazo zaziphawulekayo, ngoba uKukov wayebhekwa njengomunye wabafaki bendlalifa kaLeonid Brezhnev owayesekhulile njengobhala jikelele weqembu. Futhi, ngombono wakhe ngesidingo sezinguquko zangempela emkhakheni wezezimali wezomnotho, kungase kungakhathazeki ngabalingani abaningi abavela ebukhosini obuphakeme baseSoviet. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuthi inani lamalungu wePolitiki abuzange abe khona emcimbini wokulila. Lokhu kwakuyisenzakalo esingakaze senzeke emlandweni waseSoviet.

Ngemva kokushisa, umlotha kaF. D. Kulakov wangcwatshwa odongeni lwaseKremlin.

UWife Kulakova, u-Evdokia Fedorovna, ngemuva kokushona komyeni wakhe wavakashela izwe lakubo, edolobheni laseFitizh. Lapha, endaweni yendlu yakudala abahlala kuyo ngemva komshado, wakha indlu entsha futhi wayevame ukufika eFitige ehlobo. Kancane kancane indlu yaqala ukufana neyamamyuziyamu, lapho abantu bakuleli zwe bebukele khona. Futhi inkumbulo engadluli yisikhumbuzo sezwe esingcono kunawo wonke umuntu ovelele, ngisho nangemva kokufa, engakhohlwa ezweni lakhe elincane.