Ukusebenza Albion ezimpini ezihlukahlukene lempi

qoqo leziqhingi Moonsund usesikhundleni yamasu oLwandle iBaltic. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngokuvamile leso kusuke esigcawini wezimpi ekhulwini XX. It yakhiwa iziqhingi ezine eziyinhloko, ngalinye elikwazi Estonia kungokwalabo namuhla - ke saseVormsi, Muhu, Saaremaa futhi Hiiumaa.

Battle 1917

Phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala senzeka Operation Albion, okwenzeka ngo-September - October 1917. Enye igama ezivamile - "Ukusebenza Albion."

Akuzange ukuhlasela we-German imikhumbi kanye emhlabathini amabutho. Umyalo usetha umsebenzi ukuze balukhulume ezihlasela lezi ziqhingi njalo, elalingelamaFilisti Russia. amabutho aseJalimane aqala kokufika phezu esiqhingini Saaremaa, 12 Okthoba. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngoxhaxha wakwazi ukucindezela ibhethri Russian: Izisebenzi lathunjwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imikhumbi eziningana German eyalimala ezimayini ngasogwini (yempi "Bavaria" nokunye. D.).

Eziningi zazifile Operation Albion. 1917 kwaba omunye kuzithinta wokugcina ngxabano ngezihluthu empumalanga. Ngemva kwesikhathi esingaba yinyanga ku Petrograd amaBolshevik liqala ukubusa, okwathi kamuva wasayina Brest-Litovsk Treaty.

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili labo izimbangi isigaba bangqubuzana Tete-a-Tete. Russian lasolwandle ngumbhubhisi "Thunder" bekulimele sina ngesikhathi belwa yempi eJalimane "Kaiser". Fire ebhodini waholela ekubeni we izibhamu kanye kucwila umkhumbi. Ikakhulukazi ngolaka abavusa Ukusebenza Albion e Irbensky ndima lapho bangqubuzana dreadnaughts futhi Cruisers.

Okthoba 16, imikhumbi-German usule eGulf of Riga. Babehlanganisa yempi eziningana futhi Cruisers kwamaNazi. Ukuze uvikele imikhumbi ezimayini, ku isigaba, nabo bebekhona minesweepers. Enye ingozi ngoba izinkantolo German kwaba umlilo wavula wezikhali waseRussia. Kusukela kuhlasela zivikelwe intuthu izikrini azungeze izikebhe ezinezinjini zika.

Lapho kuba sobala ukuthi imikhumbi Russian ngeke ukwazi ukugcina lezi ziqhingi, watshelwa ukuthumela imikhumbi lokusinda enyakatho. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, amaJalimane ethumba Moon Island (Okthoba 18) futhi Hiiumaa (20 Okthoba). Yaphela kanjalo-ke i-Operation Albion ngo-1917 ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.

Battle 1941

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Okwesibili Moonsund qoqo leziqhingi laqala wafakaza imisebenzi emibili wezempi. Ngo-1941, amasosha amaNazi wafika lapha. ukusebenza okuhlambalazayo owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi yindlunkulu kwamaNazi "Beowulf." Kwakuwusuku elilandelayo (wesibili) Ukusebenza Albion.

amabutho Septhemba 8 abangu lawela phezu Isiqhingi zaseVormsi, elalisendlini izandla German ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu ngezihluthu. Ngemva kwesonto, imizamo main babegxile Lempukane, ikampu eyathatha ngesonto.

Ngakusasa ukuwa Saaremaa. Lapha, impi sathatha amasonto amabili. umyalo Soviet wakwazi kuphunywe izinsalela impi esiqhingini Hiiumaa. Nokho, lokhu isiqephu sendawo ngokushesha wayeseshumayeza ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwamaNazi.

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Ibutho laseSoviet wayezama nakanjani ukuze uhlale kuleli qoqo leziqhingi, futhi ukwenza ukuhlaselwa kungasheshi ku Leningrad. Ngomqondo othile, lo mgomo Kufeziwe. wadla Okugcwele kwenzeka ngo-October 22, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili izinyanga yempi. Futhi kwaba imikhumbi asebenzayo, ayeba isitha eGulf of Riga. Abavikeli seziqhingi baye bashintsha leli ugandaganda wendawo, okwenza wabo ngokurhaba analogue amathangi (izibhamu kwakuhlangene). Lapho usuqedile Operation Albion, izisebenzi ezazisaphila ekugcineni zayiswa Hanko nhlonhlo.

lihlala ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni ngo-1944

Ngo historiography eyaziwa futhi eyesithathu Operation Albion. 1944 kwaphawulwa iqiniso lokuthi amabutho aseJalimane zinhlanga ngobuningi ezifundeni ezinabantu. Esiqhingini Leningrad Front bevela okwakhiwa kwalo iye ngokukhethekile kwakhiwa 8 kuqhuma Corps.

Ukusebenza waqala neqiniso lokuthi ngo-September 27 at the ogwini zaseVormsi kwaba ukufika. Ngokulandelayo, eyalandelwa ezinye izingxenye zonke kuleli qoqo leziqhingi. Lesi sakamuva wazibonakalisa Saaremaa: ke yayingumuzi omkhulu kunayo yonke ezibaluleke kakhulu esifundeni. KUSEBUSUKU ngomhla ka-October 8 waqala ulwa enkulu e Tehumardi. Ngokumelene amabutho aseSoviet lwenziwe ithala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo wezempi nzima kusimo isikhala iqhinga ngempumelelo.

Ummeli uye kwephulwe kamuva ngenyanga kuphela ngoNovemba 23 lapho impi wajoyina zezindiza. Umzamo odlule ehluleka. I ebanga usizi kunazo zonke ukuthi kokufika Vyntra, zabulala abantu abangaba ngu-500. Ngandlela-thile, kodwa ngemva sokunikela sokugcina amaJalimane elahlekile 7000 efile. Namanje imikhumbi yikhulu abangu Ngishoné noma ezilimele.