Vorovskii Vaclav Vatslavovich, wamavukelambuso Russian: Biography

Vatslav Vorovsky kwaba abadumile kwamaBolshevik wamavukelambuso. Ngemva kokumiswa amandla Soviet, waba usomaqhinga abavelele. Vorovskogo Kushone Switzerland phakathi nohambo lwakhe kule ngqungquthela wezizwe olandelayo.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Ngokuzayo wamavukelambuso Vorovskii Vaclav Vatslavovich ozalwa Okthoba 27, 1871 eMoscow. Wayengumuntu ongowokuzalwa umndeni Russified ka izikhulu Polish. Ngokushesha umfana kushonelwa ubaba wakhe. Thanda nabasePoland eziningi, wayesebenzisa imfundo yamabanga aphansi wayithola esikoleni esontweni. Kakade esemncane wabonakala ezazidingeka izinguquko. Umfundi ngabhala nenkondlo, okuyinto wagxeka uhulumeni tsarist, begodu bazibandakanya emthethweni imibuthano ontanga.

Ngo-1890 Vorovskiy Vatslav Vatslavovich wabhalisa e MSU, kodwa kamuva ngonyaka sinqume ukuqhubeka nemfundo yakhe ngaleso Imperial eMoscow Technical School. Abafundi bahlanganyela ezingxoxweni imisebenzi emibuthano Polish kazwelonke.

Izixhumanisi futhi ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Lolu wudaba kazwelonke kwaphoqa le nsizwa ukuxhuma ukuphila kwakhe wabaholi. izifundo zakhe esikoleni lwaphuka ncamashi phakathi, lapho ngo-1894 umfundi olukhulu ethunyelwe Vologda ngenxa wokugcotshwa okusondelayo uNicholas II no-imikhosi ahlobene eMoscow. Ezemfundo Vorovskii namanje wathola. Ngo-1897 wathola iziqu esikoleni, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili eboshwa futhi yadingiselwa sifundazwe Vyatka.

Ukukhonza Ngesikhathi sakhe esifanele, Vorovskii Vaclav Vatslavovich wanquma ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe. kwakuyizwi okunengqondo kakhulu isinqumo wamavukelambuso. Zonke abaholi kakhulu kwesokunxele-wing amaqembu ngaleso sikhathi wahlala eNtshonalanga Yurophu, elinde ukuqhuma social ezweni lakubo. Vorovskii azinza eGeneva. Kube wazihlanganisa amaBolshevik.

isikhulumi

Endaweni party umsebenzi Vaclav baba iphephandaba "Iskra". Wayengomunye esebenzayo kakhulu futhi kwande abasebenzi bayo. Intuthuko journalism Amasela wenza ovelele amaBolshevik. Ngo-1903 wathola party umsebenzi wemfanelo - ukuhlela umsebenzi ngaphansi komhlaba e-Odessa. Abakwamanye amazwe efika ngokungemthetho. "Iskra" iphephandaba yaqala ukubonakala emzini anda kwegazi. Abavukeli abangu kuhloswe endaweni efanele. I bomhlaba wonke futhi ebullient Odessa kwaba indawo enhle ukukhula ukunganeliseki.

Ngenxa uhlanga lwabo Vorovskii Vaclav Vatslavovich enze ngempumelelo omunye umsebenzi, ekubeni umuntu ukuxhumana phakathi izinhlangano Polish kwesokunxele futhi amaBolshevik. Lapho 1905 waqala inguquko yokuqala isiRashiya, wathuthela Petersburg. Enhloko-dolobha Vorovskii futhi wazibonakalisa umhleli ngempumelelo. Wathenga izikhali ukulwa amasosha alwela ne amasosha kahulumeni ezinsukwini okukhulu kakhulu nobukhulu bale nkinga.

Umsebenzi eScandinavia

Lapho Lenin e isitimela uphawu ibihamba emuva Russia ngemva kokunyamalala isikhathi eside ezweni, wanquma ukwenza ilungu le Amasela 'we Foreign Bureau leKomiti Central we Party. Le nhlangano lisuselwe Stockholm. Kwadingeka babe nobuhlobo nabaxhasi angaphandle kanye neziza ingxenye Amahhovisi party. Ngaphezu Amasela, lokhu ehhovisi kuhlanganisa nezinye kwamaBolshevik Abavukeli - Yakov Ganetsky uKarl Radek.

Ukuze amaBolshevik kwaba okuhlangenwe nakho kubalulekile, okuyinto abathintekayo lonke iqembu lakhe okwalandela nasendleleni yabo yokuphila. Wayengeyena ohlakaniphile, kodwa kudlalwa imisebenzi eminingi efanayo. Amasela umsebenzi e Stockholm kwaba yize. Lapho, ngo-Okthoba 1917, ithimba lakhe waqala ukubusa ngo-Russia, wamiswa nommeleli wayo ogunyaziwe eScandinavia.

Kodwa ukuze uhlale e-Sweden wamavukelambuso kuphumelele kafushane. Ngo-March 1918, uLenin usayine ukuthula ahlukene ne Germany. Ngemva kwalokho, le oMfelandawonye sinqanyuliwe enobudlelwane nge Soviet Russia nokuqala ukuvinjelwa omhlaba. Ngaphansi khahlela yakhe ishayise Vorovskii Vaclav Vatslavovich. Biography of lo muntu isibonelo butjhilweni oda party oyiculayo. Futhi manje kwakudingeka ahambe Sweden, ukugwema wabotjhwa.

Ambassador Italy

Phakathi Yombango Vorovskii wahlala eRussia. Wabuyela kubangane bakhe ukushicilela, kwaba inhloko State Publishing House. amakhono akhe nokubaluleka kwakhe amathalenta futhi kudingeka Lenin, amaBolshevik waqala ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqala ukuphuma ukungavunyelwa kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe. Ngo-1921, i-Russia iphuma Ambassador Soviet e-Italy. Zaba Vatslav Vorovsky. Itshe lesikhumbuzo ukuze omunye osomaqhinga lokuqala Soviet imi isakhiwo wangaphambilini we Yabantu Commissariat Wezindaba Zangaphandle. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Vorovskii waba ummeleli eliqavile Umhlangano wokuqala osomaqhinga Soviet.

Isikhundla isithunywa e-Italy wayebhekene ezibalulekile futhi ngoba ngo-1922 Genoa wasingatha inkomfa abadumile lezihambeli we RSFSR kanye Entente. Inhloko mission waqokwa Georgi Chicherin, eyathatha isikhundla iyagula wahlala Russia kukaLenin. Vatslav Vorovsky kwaba isandla sakhe sokunene. Ngezinye Conference Genoa lamiswa ubudlelwane bezomnotho phakathi RSFSR (Soviet Union sasingakafiki sekusungulwe) futhi emazweni Europe. Ngesikhathi kwaba sobala ukuthi amaBolshevik bayinqoba impi yombango. Manje ohulumeni amazwe Entente babengenalo kukho kodwa ukuxoxisana ngohlelo olusha ezibiyele izakhamuzi. Vorovskii engqungqutheleni wayengomunye walaba osomaqhinga evelele kunazo zonke Soviet. Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe (nemizamo namanye amalungu ithimba) ku uHulumeni waseSoviet wakwazi ukufeza ukunqoba zamanxusa eside elindelwe.

ukubulala

Entsha 1923 Vorovskii waya Lausanne eSwitzerland, ukuthatha ingxenye kule ngqungquthela wezizwe olandelayo. Ngo-May 10, lo ohlakaniphile wadutshulwa wabulawa ehhotela yokudlela wendawo. Umbulali obeyisakhamuzi Swiss kanye nowabe iWhite Guard isikhulu Moris Konradi. Walahlekelwa abakubo ngaleli Russian Yombango nazo zonke amaBolshevik yakhe ukuzondwa.

Eminyakeni Bhalobhasha, isivivinyo, kodwa amajaji ukhululiwe kuye. Njengoba nabameli babamangalelwa wasebenzisa ubufakazi olubhaliwe zonya phakathi nempi yombango. Iziphathimandla Swiss emva ukukhululwa kungagcini ukuthi badingiselwa Amasela killer. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili engazange ibe wusizo. oxhumana Yokusebenzelana Kwamazwe phakathi kweSoviet Union ne-Switzerland isikhathi stop. Vatslava Vorovskogo umzimba ngemva kokubulawa wathunyelwa eMoscow. Wembelwa Red Square.