Parkinson, yokuphila kanye neminyaka okulindeleke, izimpawu zokuqala, isigaba

Parkinson isifo - isifo abawaziyo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Esikhathini udokotela XIX leminyaka D. Parkinson ukuchaza izimpawu alandisa wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi is shaking uhlangothi. Lesi sifo kuthiwa yaqanjwa usosayensi - Parkinson. Kuyini lokhu? Njengoba imithi yesimanje ubona lesi sifo nezindlela zokwelashwa?

sici

Parkinson - a esiwohlozayo CNS neziyaluyalu, ngokuyinhloko ezithinta ukusebenza uhlelo zemisipha. Ikakhulu kwenzeka lapho umuntu eguga (emva kweminyaka 70-80), kodwa futhi kukhona amacala lesi sifo ngemva kweminyaka engu-40. idatha izibalo zibonisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-500 emhlabeni yilesi sifo.

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi isifo i-Parkinson futhi Alzheimer-like. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo abathintekayo ngezinga elithile isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa mshini ihlukile kakhulu. Ukuze i-Alzheimer libhekene iziyaluyalu engqondweni yethu bese iphazamiseke advantageously zemisipha Parkinson.

anatomy yesifo

Iminyakazo ngoba amagoli kuphendula CNS. Uma indoda nje ukucabanga ngalokho afuna ukukwenza, cortex cerebral kakade kutshela zonke izinhlelo ezokwenza ihileleke isenzo. Omunye ezinhlangothini isignali eyamukelwe - the ganglia basal. Lo msuka elimhlophe okuqinile ngesimo ISIZINDA kwemizwa abahlanganyela ukunyakaza eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinzima. Izinga pulses wadluliselwa kubo kuxhomeke endleleni olunembile, eliphezulu futhi isenzo okusheshayo kuyoba.

It ulawula inqubo Dopamine neurotransmitter. Parkinson kuthinta ezinye izingxenye basal ganglia umphumela conduction iphazamiseke Izinzwa amaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli imakwe amazinga Ukwehla Dopamine, okuyinto obangela okusithiyayo unomphela cerebral amasignali excitatory. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye yazo uthunyelwa ngqo imisipha kudaleke ukusikwa yabo. Yini ekwenza uphelelwe hypertonicity futhi njalo Shake explainable voltage njalo kwemisipha izicubu.

izimbangela

isikhathi esinengi isidlulile kusukela lapho, njengoba iqoqo izimpawu laqala ukuhlonishwa njengomuntu isifo ehlukile. CNS iziyaluyalu indlela usebenza ngezindlela eziningi namanje kubonakala kwakuthiwa kuphela, e isifo esithile Parkinson. Kuyini - ososayensi bazi, futhi yilokho kunomthelela lasungulwa alwaziwa. Okulindelekile ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo kuthonywa:

• ukuguga - ukwehla zemvelo kwenani ezinzwa akhiqize Dopamine;
• Isici lezinceku - hhayi ngokwesayensi waqinisekisa ukuba khona isakhi isifo i-Parkinson, kodwa 10% amacala lozalo has a isihlobo nge zokugula efanayo;
• ukudakwa isikhathi eside (ukuchayeka izinsimbi ezisindayo, ubuthi, imithi yokubulala izinambuzane);
• ukusetshenziswa neuroleptics (ukwehla zokukhiqiza Dopamine futhi kungaba avuse isifo);
• ukulimala futhi ebuchosheni;
• ukucindezeleka, ubuthongo ompofu nokudla, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini;
• nezinye izifo.

Izimbangela Parkinson futhi uphathwa encike ngqo kwi nomunye. Udokotela luyoqhubeka kusukela lokuthi kwabangela intuthuko conduction kwezinso Izinzwa amaza. ukuphathwa Ikhwalithi netimbangela uyonika imiphumela emihle endleleni jikelele lesi sifo.

izimpawu

Ulwazi izimpawu zokuqala zesifo kungasiza ekuhlonzweni nasekwelashweni, okuyinto kwandisa amathuba okuthi khambi futhi unamathele bempilo. Ithebula elingezansi izimpawu eziyinhloko kanye nesimo nesenzakalo yabo:

Iziguli Parkinson isifo ukuqina ukunyakaza kwakhe. Iphethini nobuntu lawo izinhlobo zabantu ezahlukaniselwa: izingalo izimisele ngesikhathi izindololwane ocindezelwe emzimbeni, umzimba kancane izimisele kanye isisindo sigudluke phambili, ikhanda lakhe kancane sisalokhu. Kubonakale banikine gqwa kwamalungu omzimba, ubuso ezolile, akusho ukubonisa imizwa.

Parkinson isifo yokuphila kanye neminyaka okulindeleke

Omunye wemibuzo ejabulisa kakhulu iziguli kanye nezihlobo zabo, "? Kanjani ngemva kweminyaka eminingi sitholakele isifo bangaphila" Impendulo ochwepheshe yilesi: "Lapho isifo iphezulu kakhulu kule esemncane kweminyaka umuntu angalindela kuka e senile." Ucwaningo lwamuva nje ukhombe i sibalo seminyaka engu 7.4. Lesi sikhathi esisodwa, iyikhaya umuntu ovamile kwathiwa unesifo "Parkinson".

Futhi ubude bempilo ngabe nganhlanye uhlolwa kuphela ngesisekelo yobudala abantu abaqala kuyo. I rapidity phambili kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi, okuyinto kulezi zinsuku, ngenhlanhla, zingathonywa yilabo:

• ikhwalithi nokwelashwa;
• izwe ohlala kulo;
• Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla esifike ngesikhathi futhi Ukuqalwa yokwelapha.

Ucwaningo olwenziwa e-UK, bathi e izilonda isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, okuholela engu-eminyakeni engaba ngu-40, isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kwabantu kuyinto engu-39. It kuvela ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki noma cha lesi sifo eba, umuntu has a sethubeni elihle ukuphila ukuze Esegugile. Yiqiniso, lena ngenzeka kuphela inqobo ngendlela enempilo futhi yokwelapha okuhloswe ngaso yabonakala inekhono lokunqanda ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

isigaba zentuthuko

Lesi sifo asivelanga aphume ndawo, kancane kancane iqhubeka. Isigaba ngasinye libhekene izimpawu ezithile. Isekelwe kwifomu isifo i-Parkinson, indlela yokwelapha enqunywe. 6 ukuhlukanisa izigaba zesifo:

1. I kokuqala (zero) - khona izimpawu, kodwa ungakwazi kakade angabonwa baba kokuthikamezeka njalo futhi lokukhohlwa.
2. Eyokuqala - ukunqotshwa eyodwa emaceleni, izimpawu ababuthakathaka. Kulesi sigaba, bambalwa kakhulu abantu ukuya kudokotela.
3. Esesibili - lesi sifo sihlasela kokubili nemilenze, ibhalansi kahle komzimba, aqhubeke egxilile isiguli kunzima.
4. Okwesithathu - kunzima ukuhamba ngaphandle ukwesekwa, eliqhaqhazelayo kwandisa.
5. Okwesine - bikho kokuhlolwa ikhono lokufeza ukunyakaza yabo futhi ukuhamba, kodwa zaqhubeka abakwaziyo ukuma ngaphandle ukwesekwa. Abagulayo badinge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kanye nosizo.
6. Okwesihlanu - indoda ilale embhedeni, kukhona ukulahleka ephelele control of the system zemisipha.

Ngamunye izigaba yentuthuko isifo kudinga indlela ngamunye. Uma uneminye izimpawu kokuqala kufanele axhumane ngokushesha ne udokotela. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungakusiza ukuba ukunqoba isifo i-Parkinson, yokuphila kanye neminyaka okulindeleke kuzokwanda izikhathi eziningana.

ukuhlola

Lapho ebhekisela udokotela kunoma yisiphi isigaba ukuthuthukiswa isifo inikezwa luhlolo emitholampilo, esiza ukucacisa uphethwe ngqo. Udokotela uncika algorithm ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kanye ukuhlonza izimpawu eqinisekisa khona parkinsonism;
• ukuzimisela ubunjalo isifo: parkinsonism yesibili kubangelwa izifo zenhliziyo kanye izilonda ubuchopho, noma ezimele;
• isiqinisekiso uphethwe ngesisekelo idatha eqoqwe umlando wezokwelapha kanye laboratory kanye nezinye izindlela zokuxilonga.

Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ukuhlola yesimanje: CT, i-MRI, ama-PET noma ezihlonzwe luhlolo imithambo cerebral (Reg, Bheka).

Njengoba izimpawu ezithile avele izinkomba eqinisekisa imisipha ithoni, isikhathi eside lesi sifo kanye nenqubekelaphambili yayo. Ngokwesibonelo, flexion yokwenziwa kufanele kuhambisane ukuphumula ngokushesha imisipha, kanti isiguli, kunalokho, kukhona Imi yabo.

izindlela Medical kokuphatha Parkinson

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Odokotela ukuhlola zonke izingozi kungenzeka kanye nezinkinga, ubude lesi sifo futhi ijubane inchubekelembili yayo. Indlela esiphatha ngayo Parkinson? umphumela zokwelapha kusekelwe reception kwemithi, okuyinto yenzelwa ekuvimbeni ukukhiqizwa Dopamine elementi yayo ebulalayo. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo kusho:

• okuqukethwe Dopamine, kokumethemba yayo noma agonists ( "levodopa", "Lisuride", "Ropinirole" "Bromocriptine");
• ivimbela enzyme ezinomthelela ukubhujiswa Dopamine (mao futhi COMT inhibitor);
• lula ukukhululwa zigcine neurotransmitter ( "Bemantan", "Amantadine");
• ivimbela excitation ngokweqile izinzwa ( "Biperiden", Trihexyphenidyl, "" protsiklidina "" Memantadin ");
• neuroleptics, antihistamine kanye nemithi yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka futhi imisipha relaxants.

Ngo kusaqalwa umbono sendlela yokuphatha imithi Parkinson, ngokuvamile uhlamvu ngabanye kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, "L-dopa" kubhekwa izidakamizwa ezimbi nakakhulu futhi uncamela hlehlisa uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza. Amanye amaqembu izidakamizwa (agonists, mao inhibitor futhi COMT) athambé futhi ungavumeli isifo ukuba bathuthuke. Kuyinto ngenxa izidakamizwa ezinjalo kungenzeka uyephuza yokwamukela "Levodopa".

Ukwelashwa e wokwenziwa kweengaba zokugcina

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lesi sifo, ekuthuthukisweni yayo Kufika isikhathi lapho obunini kukhona engelapheki, futhi anda kakhulu. ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ka "Levodopa" izidakamizwa (iminyaka engaba ngu-5 noma ngaphezulu) kuholela ekwakhekeni yokumelana imiphumela yayo. Kunesidingo ukwandisa umthamo amayunithi, okuyinto luhambisana nomthwalo nezinye izinkinga.

ukuphathwa ngesineke ukuphela-esiteji encishisiwe ukuphungula iziyaluyalu ukwazi, kunakekelwa ngetemphilo letisezingeni lelifanele kanye yasekhaya. Umthamo imithi ezilungisiwe nsuku zonke kuye umzimba kanye nekusebenta ukuphendula.

Izindlela yokwelashwa kuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa kuphela lokhu ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ukwelashwa ngoludala ayinamandla. Ukusebenza wenziwa ebuchosheni: i thalamus futhi cortex. Kwakheka izindlela eziningana impatho enjalo:

• Kagesi ngamandla kobuchopho - e isakhiwo ubuchopho lesiguli owethulwa electrode okuyinto uxhumeke kwi-neurostimulator, i implantable ngaphansi webele. Inqubo siyehla Parkinson. okubuyayo mayelana nokusebenza: isimo jikelele ngcono, ithoni nokuqina encishisiwe, sifo sanda kancane kancane.
• Thalamotomy - indlela okuyingozi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi iletha imiphumela emihle futhi ubuyisela motor umsebenzi of the system zemisipha. Ingabe ukubhujiswa izakhiwo athile thalamus.
• Ukufakelwa of dopaminergic izicubu - indlela yokulinga, esekelwe ukufakelwa of donor impahla. Ukhuthaza ukuzinza zokukhiqiza Dopamine nokuvulwa motor umsebenzi.

Ukuhlinzwa - indlela ezimbi kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo i-Parkinson. Umphakathi ezweni ososayensi ubusebenza ukuthuthukiswa nokwenziwa ngcono izindlela ezikhona ithonya koda futhi olandelanayo ebuchosheni.

Izincomo Omunye umuthi

Ukuze silondoloze umzimba kufanele ubuyekeze indlela yokuphila, ukushintsha ezinye imikhuba. Isiguli ukudela eziluthayo, ukusungula amandla, isikhathi esengeziwe ukuze uphumule futhi ukuba ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile. umsebenzi zokwelapha, kungene umoya ohlanzekile futhi massage professional akangenelanga lulama.

Akungqubuzani ukuzama nokwelashwa kazwelonke isifo i-Parkinson, ngokusekelwe ukusetshenziswa izitshalo zokwelapha. Akufanele sibakhohlwe isidingo ukuthatha imithi: amakhambi emvelo ukudlala indima ekusekeleni, kodwa hhayi omunye oyinhloko. Ngoba impatho esetshenziswa lime, propolis, i-oats, sage, wort iSt John sika. Sinenkosi anticonvulsant futhi imisipha relaxant imiphumela.

Parkinson, yokuphila kanye neminyaka okulindeleke kuyinto encike ngqo kwi kobukhulu izilonda ubuchopho, kulandzelana kwetindzima ijubane isimo samanje wonke umzimba wesiguli. ekuhlonzweni nasekwelashweni, njengoba umthetho, ukunikeza eminye iminyaka 20-30 zokuphila.