Inguqulelo lokubala ubuningi babantu

Umqondo yesimanje sokushintshela lokubala ubuningi babantu uchaza inqubo ushintsho izinhlobo ukukhiqizwa kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvumela nawe ukuze abone amaphethini yale nqubo. Elikhulu kunawo wonke, ngokuvumelana abacwaningi, isithakazelo kuwumbono sokushintshela lokubala ubuningi babantu kusukela uhlobo bendabuko uhlobo yesimanje.

Phakathi nalokho kubingelelana, okuholela kuqiniswa sabantu, ichaze izigaba ezine.

Isigaba sokuqala isimo esenzeka nekhulu lama-20 nge umkhakha athuthukile. Le nkathi libhekene yokuthi ukwanda jikelele nokufa rate (CDR) lalilide kulabo wehlise Imininingwane okuzala ngesilinganiso (TFR). Kwamanye amazwe, izinga lokuzalwa igcina ezingeni wangaphambili, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho lenyuke.

Isigaba sesibili libhekene phambili nokwehlisa izinga lokufa kwabantu. Ngemva ACS isikhathi ifinyelela ubuncane. Ndawonye nale kuyehla, futhi izinga okuzala, futhi, ngejubane ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona okwehlisa engokwemvelo ukukhula.

Esigabeni sesithathu kukhona nokwanda bebeletha. Lokhu kungenxa esebenzayo ukuguga labantu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nenzalo kulinganisela kwehliswe. Ngakho, ekupheleni isigaba OCD ifinyelela ukukhiqizwa kabusha evamile.

Ngo esigabeni sesine lapho kuwukwanda ACS, esondela ROC noma idlula ke kwezinye izimo. Lesi sigaba uphela kuqiniswa yezibalo.

I ukusheshisa elibukhali ukukhula izinombolo waqala ngo-1950. Ukuqala ukushesha ngenxa, ikakhulukazi kusungulwa i uhlobo Lesisemkhatsini yokuzalana. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi libhekene iqiniso lokuthi ukwehla ngokwempilo yangenyama ngaphambi ukwehlisa izinga lokuzalwa. Ngenxa yalokho ukwanda kwadlanga kakhulu ngawo-inombolo. Le nqubo ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo Inhloso yentuthuko yezenhlalakahle nezomnotho.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 kwamanye amazwe Western Europe kosozimali waqala ushintsho yezibalo. Kamuva lasakazekela nakwamanye amazwe, futhi phakathi nawo kwekhulu lama-20, yayiqukethe yonke iplanethi.

Inguquko lokubala ubuningi babantu has izici zayo siqu, okuyinto zinqunywa ngokuhambisana inkambo yomlando. Okubaluleke ngendlela efanayo e inqubo ushintsho izinhlobo ukukhiqizwa kabusha has a amasiko, kwezenhlalo, ezombusazwe, ukuhlelwa kabusha ezomnotho zomphakathi e inqubo yezimboni. On ushintsho lokubala ubuningi babantu kunemtselela futhi wenza isimo uhlelo kwezenhlalo noma kwezomnotho lapho kuthatha indawo eyodwa noma kwelinye izwe. Ngokwabacwaningi, ngoba lezi zici bese usetha amandla kanye nesikhathi zokwenyuka kwenani labantu.

inguqulelo kwedemografikhi kungaba kwenziwe ngomunye amaphethini ezintathu ejwayelekile.

Eyokuqala babevamile isimo French. E-Fulansi, inqubo ekushintsheni izinhlobo (futhi izindlela, ngokulandelana) lokufa futhi okuzala ayefana. Kule ndaba, isimo cishe akazange ukuzwa ukwanda komphakathi. Nokho, leli qhinga kuyinto okuhlukile ngokuqondene nalo mthetho.

Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, eqale e-ngekhulu le-19, sithola ukuthi ukwedlulela wabe ngokuvumelana elinye icebo. Ngokusho kohlelo, izinga lokuzalwa yaqala ukwehlelwa ngemuva kusukela ekuqaleni yokufa nge neminyaka emashumi mahlanu noma ikhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ngasekupheleni kwawo-19 futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kule ndawo kwakukhona ukwanda komphakathi.

Isikimu yesithathu ejwayelekile Latin America kanye Asia nase-Afrika. Kulezi uthi, uthi ukuncipha ngokwanele okusheshayo futhi ngokwempilo yangenyama futhi ezinye zalezi zibalo ephansi kakhulu kunalokho ababhekene nazo emazweni asethuthukile kahle. Kulezi zifunda, yonke indawo ngenxa yokuqhuma labantu wayenamandla ngokwanele. Kulezi zindawo, ukwanda engokwemvelo-oda 20-35%. Kulokhu nokwehla isisindo izinga lokuzalwa iza ukubambezeleka okukhulu.