Sebandlululo - ke .. okuyiqiniso futhi ukuhlukaniswa zomthetho. Ubulili ukuhlukaniswa. Izibonelo.

Sebandlululo - igama livelile kusukela lesiLatin elithi segregatio. Ngokwezwi nezwi, ilihumusha ngokuthi "igatsha" noma "izivimbelo". Sebandlululo kuyinto ezihlukahlukene - is they abayobe wamboza sihloko. Luphinde ukubeka udaba ka ukuhlukaniswa ubulili (lesi simo sibangelwa uhlukile umkhuba evamile umqondo), kangakanani ithonya layo professional kanye ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezepolitiki.

Kuyini ukuhlukana hlangana: Definition

Siqala, njengenjwayelo, ne amatemu. Sebandlululo - lomkhuba ngawo ukuqonda mgomo ihlukane amaqembu zobuhlanga noma ubuzwe. Lokhu kungaba ukuzibonakalisa e umkhawulo noma ukuvinjelwa ukwabelana, yokufunda kanye / noma umsebenzi, nezinye izinhlobo umsebenzi womphakathi.

kwezidalwa

Sebandlululo uhlukaniswa uba kumazinga alandelayo:

• microsegregation - kuhlanganisa izindawo zomphakathi delineation (isb, izindlu zangasese, izihlambi, izimoto nokunye). Isibonelo - United States kuze sixties kwekhulu elidlule: ukwehlukana kubantu abamhlophe nabansundu;
• mezosegregatsiya - ukwehlukana enye ingxenye labantu abasuka kwezinye izindawo phakathi kwedolobha (isibonelo - ghettos);
• macrosegregation - ukwehlukana abantu phezu izindawo ezinkulu (isibonelo - ukubhuka).

ukuhlukaniswa izinhlobo

Ngu izinhlobo ukwabelana amaqembu amabili ayinhloko: ukuhlukaniswa (izibonelo ezocatshangelwa inkambo incazelo, iyafana esigabeni esandulele) Eqinisweni nomthetho.

Zombili lezi zinhlobo zezindlu esihlokweni kukhona umkhondo, okungukuthi, ukuchazwa imigomo. Okwangempela - phezu ukutholakala, zomthetho - Ngokusho livikeleke ezingeni komthetho wezwe.

de ukuhlukaniswa empeleni waba

De empeleni waba ukuhlukaniswa - into samoslozhivsheesya nokuguqulwa. Senzeka imiphakathi multinarodnyh futhi multiracial, lapho Izindawo, a division of labour kanye nokufunda phakathi kwamaqembu ahlukene (yenkolo, zobuhlanga noma ubuzwe) senzeka "ngokwalo", ngokuhamba yentuthuko umphakathi. Umkhuba ukuhlukaniswa ezinjalo - kuyinto isici amadolobha, imizi emikhulu. Isibonelo esicace - division of kwamaqembu ezinhlanga emphakathini e-United entshonalanga.

ukuhlukaniswa Legal

ukuhlukaniswa Legal - ngokomthetho livikeleke ngumthetho noma yimuphi omunye idokhumenti kuwubufakazi yomthetho, ukuhlala ngokwahlukana. Inqubomgomo ukuhlukaniswa zomthetho - a kotorog mkhuba kuboniswa Izindawo ehlukile, futhi ngokuvamile baphoqeleka ukuba bahlale bezinhlanga ezahlukene nabasemazweni ezehlukene. Izibonelo - ghetto, ukubhuka, nokuningi. ukuhlukaniswa Legal ngokuvamile uhambisana imikhawulo amalungelo nenkululeko, ezifana ukuhamba, kukhethwa umsebenzi, indawo yokuhlala kanye esikoleni.

Lolu hlobo ukuhlukaniswa - ubuye umhlobo webandlululo okugxile ezimweni ubuzwe, inkolo nohlanga. Ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinzima kwathatha phakathi nokubusa kwamaNazi eJalimane.

ukuhlukaniswa ubulili

Ubulili ukuhlukaniswa emsebenzini - ngumkhuba lapho kukhona ukwehlukana abesilisa nabesifazane kungenzeka ukuthola izikhundla ezahlukene isimo. Lokhu kusho uhlaka professional takhi.

It Ubuye izinhlobo ezimbili.

ukuhlukaniswa ovundlile

Umqondo kuhlanganise ubulili ukuhlukaniswa zabasebenzi umkhakha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwezinye izindawo lapho abesifazane umsebenzi, abahlangene ubufazi, nalabo lapho amadoda, ngokulandelana, nge abesilisa ababhekwa ngayo.

ukuhlukaniswa mpo

Ukwahlukana Akukhona umkhakha ochwepheshe, kodwa izinhlobo ezahlukene umsebenzi owenziwa umelele wobulili obuthile.

Ngemibono mayelana "owesilisa" futhi "owesifazane" ubuchwepheshe

Lo mkhuba ovundlile ukuhlukaniswa emsebenzini lihlotshaniswa lwemibono ejwayelekile ka "owesilisa" futhi "owesifazane" ubuchwepheshe. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amanye amakhono empeleni esivela ubulili obubodwa kunabanye, Nokho, azikho eyeqisayo esekelwe lezi zici yemvelo, kodwa ukusatshalaliswa engokwemvelo izindima nomphakathi.

izindawo Feminization

I feminization yezindawo umsebenzi yangempela yokuthi manje abanye imisebenzi ngaphambili kubhekwe "wesilisa" baba "unisex", ukuthi akuxhomekile ubulili. Ucwaningo luphinde sibonise ukuthi mkhulu ezingeni feminization, ezincane ezingeni lomholo ezindaweni ezifana.

I isakhiwo phezulu okuthunyelwe

Kuqondile ukuhlukaniswa emsebenzini alondolozwa iqoqo ubulili ezahlukene emazingeni ehlukene leqembu lochwepheshe efanayo. abesifazane kokuba agqoke ezingeni leliphasi, futhi amadoda, ngokulandelana, ephakeme.

emkhakheni wezepolitiki

Ubulili eyeqisayo futhi kuthinte sphere zezombusazwe. Okokuqala, kufanele siqonde ukuthi bayakufa khona inqobo nje uma kukhona umehluko phakathi kobulili.

Esikhathini sphere zezombusazwe ubuholi umqondo obaluleke kakhulu ikakhulukazi wokumisa kuhluke kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Okokuqala, isibonelo, ngokuvamile udumo zamakhono, kanti eyesibili - imiva.

Njengoba ukuhlukaniswa ubulili kubonakala sphere zezombusazwe? Uma sicabangela lokhu mkhuba ngesibonelo WaseRussia, singakwazi ngokucacile umkhondo ukuthi ukumelwa yabesifazane State Duma emakamelweni at eliphansi kakhulu.