Ekamu lokuhlushwa eDachau - engu-12 ngenxa yokwesaba

Ekuqaleni kuka-1933 amandla National Socialist wafika eJalimane. Ngo-October, ngemva komlilo Reichstag, Hitler, wathola amandla akhethekile aqala isinyathelo esiqinile ukusungula lizwe kuqondakale ukuze.

ekamu lokuhlushwa eDachau lo mkhuba yokuqala mass kabusha imfundo sabantu, ukuqala German. Indawo ekhethiwe eBavaria, eduze Munich, kuyinto cishe edolobheni (17 km nje), esizeni i ifektri esishiywe dengwane.

The Social Democrats kanye amaKhomanisi, futhi baye bahluleka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene ukudala umfelandawonye ePhalamende, kwakheka isisekelo we akuxhomekile ekhethekile. Ngaphandle kwabo, emakamelweni sokuhlushwa yamjabulisa ongqingili, abadayisa ngemizimba nemilutha izigebengu futhi bonke labo ubuholi amaNazi kubhekwa izakhi ngokungafanele. Ubude uhlanga lokuqala lalinabashumayeli abayizinkulungwane eziyisihlanu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wabonakala ku esangweni bebahleka isiqubulo: "Umsebenzi inikhulula".

Eminyakeni yokuqala ka ekamu lokuhlushwa eDachau uye ngempela yindawo "reforging". bangamakhomanisi Owabe futhi Social Democrats, ngemva kokusebenza izinyangana ezimbalwa endaweni evulekile kuhambisana ukudla okuqinile, uvame ukuzibonisa uzwela Sikazwelonke Sokusebenzela Uhulumeni. Labo kukhiqizwa futhi enikeziwe ithuba lokubonisa ukwethembeka kubhizinisi.

Ngo-1934, kwaba sobala ukuthi amakamu okuningi kuyadingeka. ekamu lokuhlushwa eDachau waba umthombo wezisebenzi ngoba izisebenzi kohlelo zasejele lase oMbusi.

Khona-ke, ngemva pogrom Vsegermanskogo, wathola olusankondlo igama "Kristallnacht", behlanyiswa emaJudeni. Eyokuqala ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi zalethwa lapha 38th.

Nge nje kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II wandisa Ukwakheka kazwelonke iziboshwa. Kuyo eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe (ezifundeni ezinabantu) izikhungo ezintsha angasasekelwa senzelwe reeducation zadalwa. Abantu baletha lapha ukubulala.

ekamu lokuhlushwa eDachau yaba indawo yezimpi ukusebenzisa izindlela zezimboni ngokubulala "impahla yomuntu". Lahla konke kungaba eyigugu imizamo yempi - imiqhele, izinwele, izingubo, umlotha ezisele emizimbeni wokushiswa. Kodwa lokho akuyona yonke - iziboshwa zazisetshenziselwa ucwaningo cwaningo kwezimiso umngcele phakathi nomzimba futhi ukusinda kwabo. Kuze kube yimanje, iziboshwa ngaphansi hypothermia, base ihlolwe ubuthi futhi amakhambi, benza imijovo ebulalayo ubuthi. Esikhathini Ngokuhlukaniswa olwenziwa ukubhekwa for cellulitis elinegciwane. Obhusha usike SS amadoda ukulungisa ukufa nomunyu yabo.

Ekupheleni kuka-April 1945 kuya emaphethelweni Munich kwafika division lwesikhombisa US Army. Endleleni yabo kwakukhona eDachau (ekamu lokuhlushwa). Izithombe ezithathwe amasosha aseMelika emva yokukhululwa iziboshwa, futhi ibhalwe yinqwaba izidumbu, izinhlaka zamathambo, embozwe lesikhumba. Guard wakhetha lizinikele lingalwanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona akekho sokulindelwe. SS alethwe ucingo futhi esingu wonke umuntu. Lokhu ukukhishwa mass wayengekho ngisho nokuba aziphindisele - amasosha US Kushone nje amashinga izilwane sbesivshihsya begazi.

Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, kuningi osekwenziwe ukuze ukuzoqhubekisela kukhunjulwa izisulu zenhlekelele ka eDachau. Ekamu lokuhlushwa, Museum, Nokho, ngokuvumelana iziboshwa ezazisaphila, akukuniki isithombe esiphelele emkhathini wangempela "imboni ukufa". Blocks kwalungisa ngokucophelela, lemva futhi mhlophe ngaphakathi - ihlanzekile futhi icocekile. Lapho nje abandayo esithandweni sokushisa izidumbu futhi bebahleka izinhlamvu yensimbi phezu emnyango ukukhunjuzwa ezethusayo eyishumi nambili ngaphansi kombuso wamaNazi futhi abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili eziguqulelwa umlotha futhi intuthu ophuzi.