Air China: isithombe, ukubunjwa, ngobunengi. IsiShayina Air Force izindiza. IsiShayina Air Force eMpini Yezwe II

Okwamanje, isiShayina Lasemoyeni, ogama inombolo abantu 350 000, inani ukulwa izindiza endaweni yesithathu emhlabeni, ihamba kuphela US neRussia. Kusukela idatha zakamuva ezikhishwe kwezibalo ukwazi ukuthi arsenal yabo kuhlanganisa 4,500 izindiza zempi futhi 350 ukwesekwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayehlome China has ezinophephela emhlane mayelana 150 futhi inani elincane kakhulu izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela.

Ukuzalwa kuka-Chinese izindiza zempi

Ngo-1949, ekupheleni enqobile empini yombango, ubuholi obusha China uye wanquma ukusungula wezwe Air Force. Usuku ngemvume kokuba isinqumo sikahulumeni ku 11 Novemba, kubhekwa usuku lokuzalwa Chinese air force. usizo Elikhulu nje ekuqaleni ukuthuthukiswa yayo umkhakha lempi kwadingeka eSoviet Union, ihlelwe kusukela maphakathi nawo-zamashumi amahlanu ukukhiqizwa kwe izindiza yalo amabhizinisi Chinese.

Nokho, kamuva Cultural Revolution, ngenxa yalokho, yavusa ukungavunyelwa kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe kakhulu engasenamahloni ukuthuthukiswa embonini yezwe. Lokhu kwabangela eziningi umonakalo kanye Chinese Air Force. Kodwa, naphezu kwazo zonke nobunzima, e sixties, onjiniyela babo bezempi ziye zasungula inani lokulwa imishini zasekhaya ezingaba ukuhlangabezana konke nezimfuneko zomsebenzi kahle leyo minyaka.

On nineties uwela ngesikhathi sesimanje asebenzayo we-Chinese amabutho ahlomile. Phakathi nale minyaka, Russia esebeké umakhelwane wayo osempumalanga, batch elikhulu lamasosha Amatebhe Su-30 brand futhi ilayisensi ukukhiqizwa Su-27. Ngemva ukutadishwa isakhiwo izimoto zempi phezu base yabo baye basungula futhi waqala ukuveza ezindizeni zabo ngenxa Chinese Air Force (isithombe imodeli umthombo kungabonwa ekuqaleni isihloko).

I zathola okuhlangenwe nakho kuleli ilwa neJapane eminyakeni ezayo

ukungqubuzana China ahlomile ehamba ngezinqola Japan, eyaqala ngo-1931 futhi kamuva yaba impi full-scale, ezaba yingxenye yemiBhalo nhlekelele kwekhulu XX. IsiShayina Air Force eMpini Yezwe II, ngokusho kombiko ahlukahlukene, kwahilela mayelana izindiza namashumi alikwazanga yimaphi amandla sina lempi. Nokho, kuyinto elingenakuphikwa, futhi babamba iqhaza elikhulu ekuqambeni kokunqotshwa Japan lezempi kanye nokubuya Manchuria, Taiwan kanye Pescadores.

Phakathi nenkathi kusukela ngosuku ekusungulweni yayo, amaShayina Air Force ezinqwabelene abanye isipiliyoni zempi. Ikakhulukazi, athatha ingxenye Nempi YaseKorea ka 1950-1953, ukulwa ndawonye ne zezindiza amayunithi North Korea futhi wabenza united Air Army.

Lapho, phakathi neMpi Vietnam , US hlola indiza eziningana unmanned intruded ku wezasemoyeni kwabo, ngokushesha wadubula phansi. Lokhu ngokusobala wawubonisa ezingeni kahle eliphezulu ukulwa ukulungela abashayeli Chinese. Nokho, ngenxa yezizathu eziningana zezindiza neze eyayihilelekile empini nge eVietnam ngo 1979.

Military zezindiza ukwahlukana

Ngo ngezithako zawo, amaShayina Air Force azihlukile kakhulu kusuka kwamanye yesimanje emoyeni amabutho amazwe athuthukile. Bahlanganisa wonke amayunithi ezivamile, ezifana webhomu izindiza, phansi kuhlasela, fighter, kwesimo endaweni ezempi kanye ezokuthutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlanganisa ingxenye ukuzivikela emoyeni namabutho umsakazo-technical nelokushaya.

Umyalo ophakeme zonke amabutho China Kwenziwa yi-General Abasebenzi Yabantu Liberation Army. Kuhlanganisa endlunkulu Lasemoyeni, eliholwa umlawuli omkhulu. Kusukela ngo-October 2012, lokhu okuthunyelwe kuhlala Ma Xiaotian. Indima ebalulekile umyalo kakhomishana wamaphoyisa futhi unikezwa. Okwamanje, kuba Tian Xiusi.

Insimu banamuhla China ihlukaniswe ngezigodi lempi eziyisikhombisa. Ukwakheka yokwenza iqembu ngalinye kufaka Air Force, umlawuli ngokuqondile ilawulwe ekomkhulu lesifunda. Lezi amayunithi aqukethe emoyeni ukuhlukana, regiments ehlukile futhi zezifundiswa aqeqesha indiza nabasebenza kanye okugcine.

Aircraft Division amelela compounds ezinkulu Tactical aqukethe regiments emoyeni eziningana sihlukaniswe ngu isigaba, ngamunye esakhiwa izixhumanisi ezintathu ezihlukene. Ekuhlaseleni rừng ngokuvamile izindiza ezintathu. Fighter nokushaya inani lawo likhuphuka lize ezine. Ngaphezu izimoto zempi, ibutho ngalinye has eziningana izindiza zokuqeqesha amakilasi ahlukahlukene. Ngo ibutho jikelele kungase kudingeke amayunithi 20-40 Flight art.

Njengamanje, China uyakhile airfields engaphezu kwamakhulu amane, zazo amathathu namashumi amahlanu futhi lobuchwepheshe kakhulu ngokuqinile ukwemboza. Lokhu wokugodlwa eyanele ukuze kuhlale ibhanoyi amayunithi anesithoba amawaka, okuyinto kathathu kunangendlela yonke izindiza ngoxhaxha isimo.

Iqhaza zezindiza kule "uziqu-zintathu enuzi"

Isakhi esiyinhloko Armed Forces kwamazwe anamuhla kuyinto sikhona yini isikhali senuzi ukuthi ngu oyiyo zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezintathu ezinkulu eziye wathola osomaqhinga bezempi kwegama "uziqu-zintathu enuzi". Bahlanganisa ngokuyinhloko izinhlelo ezweni ukuzivikela - kokubili shaft umile, futhi mobile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu cruise kanye ezicitshwayo ballistic, kwethulwa lapho ngwenya. Futhi ekugcineni, indima ebaluleke kakhulu izindiza amasu, uyakwazi ukukhulula le eshiwo endaweni aeroballistic noma babheke ezicitshwayo. Kusukela inhlanganisela yazo zonke lezi zici ezakha ezingaba zikhali isimo, abahlaziyi ngamazwe athi China ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu lwesithathu.

Isidingo ukuthuthukisa zezindiza amasu

Nokho, Zonke izingxenye ezintathu uziqu-zintathu enkonzweni nge China okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, ezingeni zezindiza wezwe amasu kushiya okuningi okufanele oyifunayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi nakuba emazweni ase-European ezifana iBrithani neFrance, ukuthuthukiswa enganele lolu hlobo wasemoyeni ayisona inkinga engathí sina (ngenxa insimu yabo elincane), e China isimo abaphila ngayo ihluke ngokuphelele.

Celestial - isimo omkhulu unaphakade ayezungezwe izitha ezingaba khona. Ngisho Umakhelwane onobungane futhi like Russia ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha imingcele Chinese, njengoba anakho ngempela inqwaba izinkomba amasu ayingozi. Kule ndaba, China uye wadala izimo ngaphansi okuyinto ekhethekile ukubaluleka atholwe capital investment ekuthuthukisweni kuyinto zezindiza zamasu.

abaphikisana China ezingaba

Kwenzeka isimanga ukuthi omunye esizayo yezitha okungenzeka kakhulu ubuholi Chinese ukholelwa Melika. Kwaba ukwesaba kwakhe sokuboniswa kungenzeka. Kule ndaba, imizamo ebalulekile ukuze kwakhiwe esisha kanye sesimanje kakade enkonzweni nge anti-missile nomoya ukuzivikela, kanye Chinese Air Force.

sesihlanu fighter, ukwazi kube engabonakali isitha radar, wayengomunye kwanda. Ngenxa yalokho lezi imizamo kwaba ukudalwa yemikhumbi eminingi abathwali izindiza, ogama msebenzi angenze kuhlasela abaphikisana ezingase zibe kusukela yePacific Oceans Indian. Zitholakala fighter yenethiwekhi ezisekelwe Chinese Air Force. Ngakho-ke liye olwesimanje futhi enwetshiwe ekhaya layo port lwemikhumbi elalisanda kwakhiwa.

ukudala umsebenzi omusha yobuciko

Eminyakeni yamuva, abezindaba libike ukuthi Abaklami Chinese abathembisa ukuthuthukisa webhomu entsha amasu uyakwazi ukukhulula sezikhali zenuzi phezu ibanga amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa. Lokhu uhla indiza kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ikuvumela ukufinyelela e-United States. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba waveza by imithombo abanekhono, imodeli entsha kuyoba kakhulu efana yaseMelika webhomu B-2 ngoMoya abazakumamukela kakhulu kufanele izinkinga ukuthola yayo.

Ukuze zezindiza amasu eChina, kukhona izidingo ezikhethekile, ngenxa isikhundla ezindawo yezwe ukusetshenziswa kwaso lihlotshaniswa eziningana nobunzima. Iqiniso lokuthi yonke okuhloswe kungenzeka kukhona at amabanga amade uma liya kakhulu. Ukuze Alaska, isibonelo, amakhilomitha abe yizinkulungwane ezinhlanu, futhi ugu-United States - eziyisishiyagalombili. Ukuwufinyelela, amaShayina Air Force izindiza kufanele bawele elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, okuyizinto on ukulwa komsebenzi US izindiza zenethiwekhi, ifakwe arsenal enamandla. Eminyakeni yamuva, banezela ngaphezulu isikhala izindlela zempi.

Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi uma kwenzeka impi, amaShayina Air Force izindiza ngeke bakwazi ukufinyelela endaweni ukulwa missile ukuqalisa emhlabathini American kusukela US Navy uzokwazi ababhubhise zakamuva anti "Aegis" uhlelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzobhekana izindiza enamandla emphemeni ezisekelwe. Kule ndaba, kungenzeka kuphela Chinese Air Force emoyeni ukuzivikela wazisingatha US ukuthuthukiswa nokudalwa ezindizeni entsha, nge kumnandi, esikhathini sethu, okungomunye engaba isinyathelo - kusuka eziyishumi amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi nambili. Lezi zimoto ukulwa Akho muntu ibutho emhlabeni.

amasampula Hlukanisa amaShayina Air Force izikhali

abahlaziyi Military wakha inani ezizathwini mayelana nentuthuko kungenzeka medium ukusebenza webhomu ububanzi China. Lo mbono utshelwa kubo ngo-2013 yokwenqaba ukuthenga Russian Tu-22 M3 ezingamashumi amathathu nesithupha, esakhelwe ukuletha missile futhi ibhomu izikhali at amabanga esifushane. Manje sibizwa ukuthi Chinese Air Force siqukethe cishe sasiyikhulu namashumi amabili izimoto zempi alesi sigaba, kanye nesidingo kubo kusobala ngempela.

Namuhla, China sika izindiza imikhumbi kuhlanganisa eziningi izindiza yesimanje. Ekhuluma nabo, ukuveza ezinye zezingqinamba onobuhle ezithakazelisayo kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu naphakathi ububanzi webhomu H-6K. Kuyinto umshini yesimanje, okuyinto isampula ubunjiniyela eziphambili. Ngu rocket amasu asikwazi oluthathwa ngoba isivinini okunqunyelwe ezithile.

Indiza, yakhelwe yilayisensi Soviet

Omunye umshini impi, enkonzweni ne-Chinese Lasemoyeni, a Tu-16. Yona futhi le ndiza, ezakhiwe ngesisekelo kwesivumelwano ne Russia. Abaklami Chinese ngqo yasungulwa injini entsha ethuthukisiwe, ifakwe uphethiloli esebenza kahle turbofan. Siyabonga kuye, izindiza bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa izinga siphezulu (kufika ku 1060 km ngehora) futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama ayizinkulungwane nantathu amamitha. Lesi senzakalo ukuvumele Air Force ukuhlomisa izindiza nezikhali ezijikijelwayo entsha CI-10A China ukuthi linebanga indiza ka emihlanu nengxenye amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha. Yiqiniso, lokhu uyokuvulela, amathuba amasha ngaphambilini ubuningi.

ochwepheshe Military uyavuma ukuthi Chinese Air Force ekuhlaseleni amasu zamanje ukuwenzisisa ukuma uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza. Kubo, ogwini kuphela etholakalayo ye-Australia, e-Alaska, kanye ingxenye ye-Asia neYurophu, kuyilapho sabaphikisana nawo main ezingaba, AmaMelika namanje ukuzamukela. Ukuthuthukiswa yakamuva webhomu Chinese, ikhodi-okuthiwa H-20, umraro lo.

Fighters emi phezu izingalo Chinese

Ekhuluma e-Air Force China, akunakwenzeka ukuba ayeke futhi fighter yayo izindiza. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi epaki wakhe eminyakeni yamuva wathola inqwaba izimoto zempi brand J-10 futhi J-11, kukholakala ukuthi J-7 - fighter eyinhloko amaShayina Air Force. Ngokusho abahlaziyi, inani lezi indiza amayunithi cishe angamakhulu amane, plus amane ukuqeqeshwa, nime njalo yabo. umlando Kunalokho ngokuphawulekayo ukuvela kwazo Armed Forces yezwe.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ekuqaleni sixties le Union neChina babe ezwana, futhi phakathi kwawo yasungulwa nokubambisana ezindaweni eziningi emnothweni, kanye embonini yezokuvikela. Ngo-1961, ecaleni Soviet yanikwa China ilayisensi izinsimbi zakamuva, ngesikhathi, MIG-21 futhi zonke izinto zalo. Nokho, ngemva konyaka kwaqala zonke revolution kwamasiko ezaziwayo, kwaba imbangela yokuba umtshingo ubethwa ngubani China omhlaba kanye ukudabuka of ubudlelwano bayo ne-Soviet Union.

Ngenxa yalokho, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange uye Ubuyise Ilayisensi enikezelwe futhi ikhishwe ezweni bonke ochwepheshe yayo abathintekayo ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. Ngemva konyaka, waqaphela ukuthi ngaphandle eSoviet Union Awukwazi ukwenza, Mao Tszedun waya rapprochement wezwe lakithi, ngenxa okuyinto futhi ngesikhathi esithile ukubuyisela nokubambisana.

N. S. Hruschov bavumelana ukuba aqhubeke nomsebenzi ekusetjenzisweni ekukhiqizeni i-Air Force MIG-21 izindiza ilayisensi e-China. Ngo-January 1966, wathatha isivivinyo ngowokuqala ngokugcwele ababebuthene China fighter J-7, wadalwa MIG-21 ilayisensi fighter Soviet. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe isigamu sekhulu leminyaka le ndiza bese namanje akakhishwanga Air Force e China. Izithombe abekwe ngezansi ke.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe esigabeni samanje

Ngaleso sikhathi samanje, naphezu ubudlelwane ezibonakala nokwethuka phakathi Russia nase-China, abahlaziyi abaningi bathambekele ukubona e umakhelwane wethu empumalanga ibe usongo. Iqiniso lokuthi China yizwe anabantu abaningi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ezilokhu zanda abahlali kanye mkhakha ochumayo emazweni angomakhelwane nabo bangase ulingeke ukuba ixazulule izinkinga zabo ngezithukuthuku ukunwetshwa ingxenye Asian yeRussia. Ngakho-ke, amasosha ahlomile wawo womabili la mazwe, e Umq. H. Futhi Air Force of eChina naseRussia, basesimweni njalo ukulwa ukulungela. Ngeshwa, le ndlela "ubungani ahlomile" kuyinto ezweni lanamuhla engokoqobo umgomo.