Uhlelo lokuqeqesha izingane. Imfundo yezingane Uhlelo

Inkathi ukuqeqeshwa nokufundiswa zasenkulisa izingane - kuyisisekelo kuyiphi ubuntu bengane uqala ukwakha, ngesisekelo ukuze kwakhiwe impumelelo yayo esizayo. Uhlelo lokuqeqesha izingane zasenkulisa kufanele amboze izindawo ezintathu: ukuthuthukiswa kwemfundo ngokwengqondo, ngokuziphatha nangokwenyama.

kwengqondo zasenkulisa

Kunqunywa degree:

• ifa ipenseli ibhulashi;
• ikhono ukufunda nokubhala;
• ikhono lokwenza kuphindza acoce esifushane futhi ukukhumbula izinkondlo kancane;
• ulwazi lwezinombolo (phambili bese ukuhlanekezela), ikhono ukwenza imisebenzi elula izibalo;
• ulwazi eyisisekelo izibalo Jomethri;
• ikhono ukutshela isikhathi;
• ifa imibono kokuqala mayelana nezwe.

imfundo zokuziphatha

On kanjani ingane ikwazi ukuziphatha nje iqembu lontanga kanye nabantu abadala, kangakanani uzimisele ukufunda, ke kuxhomeke kakhulu okuphila kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo esikoleni. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlelo imfundvo yasetinkhulisa kufanele yakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi ukuze singathwesi sikhohlwe lesi sici.

ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba

In amazwi Dr. Komarovsky, "ingane Happy - ngokuyinhloko ingane enempilo. Futhi kuphela ke - owazi indlela ukufunda ukudlala ivayolini ". Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zokufundisa zezingane kukhona engacabangeki ngaphandle izakhi isiko ngokomzimba.

Ezemfundo ezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2-3

Lonyaka libhekene i ukwazana okukhulu nezwe wengane, imibala kanye bobunjwa izinto, ubungako bawo kanye ukuthungwa. Kid uyakwazi ukuveza imizwa ngokucacile, basabela izimo abaphumelela nabahluleka kuzo, ukuxhumana nabanye izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ngalesi sikhathi yobudala akudingekile ukuba sishisekele ekufundiseni izinhlamvu ingane nezinamba, njengawo wonke lo ngaye izinhlamvu ezingu engaqondakali, okuyinto musa zibangele noma iyiphi inzalo. Futhi, ukusebenza kwe-angaphandle yokufunda ulimi kuyoba ephakeme kakhulu kunalokho zisencane kamuva.

Uhlelo lokuqeqesha izingane kufanele iqondiswe ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba ngaphandle izinzwa: emehlweni, ukuzwa, ukuhogela bese uthinta. Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi okuphumelela ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono Ukufunda encike ngqo kwi nekhono lokuqonda emhlabeni. Isimiso semfundo zasenkulisa izingane 2 no-3, ngokusekelwe ekuthuthukiseni emihle motor amakhono. Iqiniso lokuthi iminwe wengane aqukethe inani elikhulu ezenza ukuthumela amaza kagesi sibe ezindaweni ubuchopho ukuthi kokubili obangela nokudidiyela nokuhamba kwezindikimba iminwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo ephelele umunwe yokuzijwayeza, ngikhushuzela izinto ezincane (ephephile, nakanjani), ukudlala cubes kanye nemabhola emasayizi lahlukene, bafundzi kanye indwangu ye ukwakheka okuhlukene, umdlalo ku "Kulungile", "amane-iqhude", ukubunjwa ngebumba nokunye ku.

Kufanele sinake ngenxa nokuvivinya umzimba, elandelwa emilolozelweni nemilolotelo. Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi noma yimuphi kid sika ngalesi yobudala kumele kwentiwe ngendlela umdlalo - lena amasu ephumelelayo kakhulu ulwazi lwakhe emhlabeni nokufunda ngalesi komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane.

Ezemfundo ezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu 4-5

Lonyaka ngokuphelele ukuze ngomusa uqale ukufundisa izinhlamvu ingane nezinombolo. Manje ingane uyakwazi ukuhlaziya izinto zobujamo, ngokuqondile ezibathintayo ke kuthulile ngaphezulu, bekhuthele futhi bahleleke. Uma ingane imizuzu 10-15 kungaba ngentshiseko ukudlala imidlalo zemfundo - qhubeka! Ubudala iminyaka 4-5 futhi ilungele ukuze benika izingane zabo embuthanweni othile, noma ezemidlalo sigaba. Ngalesi sikhathi ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzimba of locomotor apharathasi wengane kuyivumela ukufunda izisekelo ukubhukuda, umdanso, karate nokunye.

Uma uqaphela propensity sengane yezilimi, ukutadisha olunye ulimi noma ukuvakashela yaseshashalazini iqembu kuyoba isixazululo enkulu sokuthuthukiswa la makhono. izingane Creative zimi kahle zilungele yokumodela, zobuciko, vocal. Nokho, uma ingane akakwazi ukugxila, uyaqaphela ukwenza imisebenzi yentuthuko, ukubekezela futhi usabela ngamandla yokuhluleka yabo, kufanele ulinde ukufundwa kancane namaqembu ngokuvakashela.

Funda ukuba agxilise ingane yakho kuzokusiza ukukhiqizwa ahlangene yezandla. Uqala imininingwane elula ukuthi umphumela waba ngaphezulu, kancane kancane sibe nzima umsebenzi. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukubonisa ingane yakho ukuthi yikuphi ukwehluleka ezingelapheka. Kule nqubo ungakwazi kalula ukulingana, ukufunda izinhlamvu zamagama, izinombolo, izilwane. Esebenzisa ukucabangela, ungakwazi ngokushesha ukubulala izinyoni eziningana ngetshe elilodwa. Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa emihle motor amakhono afanele ukusebenzisa izivivinyo ezifana edlulisa isibambo ngokusebenzisa Maze, isifo sohlangothi kanye Umbala izithombe, ukweluka, ebaziwe nokuningi.

Imfundo yezingane zeminyaka 6-7

Modern physiologists, odokotela bengqondo, pedagogues futhi inkulumo abelaphi uyavuma ukuthi le nkathi evumayo kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukunakekela, bezibona, inkumbulo, futhi ukucabanga kwengane. Physiologically, izinyane ilungele ekuthuthukiseni ukuqeqeshwa, futhi unamandla nesifiso sokufunda. Yingakho ingane eziyisithupha ngezinye izikhathi uyakwazi ukuletha kubazali babo kokuthikamezeka kwabaningi yayo "kungani". Selaphe nenzalo yayo ukwazi noma kungagcini izimpendulo olukha phezulu - kunjani wayencisha isihlahla umswakama ophilisayo. Ngakho yiba nesineke futhi uthole ulwazi oluphelele ukwanelisa ilukuluku the kid. Ngalesi ubudala, sekuyisikhathi ukufundisa i-akhawunti yengane, ngokubhalwe phansi, nangemva ikhono okwazi isikhathi ngu iwashi, ukuyichazela izisekelo lwesifundo nesayensi yokuhlolwa kwezinkanyezi. Uhlelo lokuqeqesha izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kakade sihlinzekela inguquko ukuze ifomu ehleliwe umsebenzi.

izenzo Ofanele abazali

Ngakho, isimiso semfundo pre-school zonke ingane kuzomele sifake imidlalo, Obonisa ukuthuthukisa bezibona yemizwa (ukuthuthukiswa kwezitho umqondo), inkulumo, umsebenzi engqondo, amakhono ngokomzimba, ilukuluku ekungeyona eyakhe, kanye ukusungulwa nekucondza eziyisisekelo mayelana nezwe. ukuxazulula ngempumelelo inkinga lokusiza zonke izinhlobo zemfundo pre-school. Izinkulisa, amaqembu pre-school kanye nezikole ezikhethekile is hhayi kuphela esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ngempumelelo futhi amasu esiyingqayizivele ukulungiselela izingane zesikole, kodwa futhi kufanele arsenal zabo izifundo ezengeziwe ezifana imfundiso English izinhlelo zolimi.

Ngokungangabazeki, imfundo wengane eqenjini has eziningi eziwusizo phezu izifundo ngabanye: lapha ulethe amakhono ukuxhumana efanele nontanga, bakhiqiza isiyalo, umqondo umthwalo, nekhono lokuxazulula nezimo ezinzima. Tutorials Interactive, kanye umsebenzi odokotela bengqondo, akungabazeki, kuyosiza ingane esikhathini esizayo, kuba lula ukuzivumelanisa entsha imvelo esikoleni futhi ngokushesha ukuthuthela isikhundla "Mina -. wesikole"

Yiqiniso, wonke umntwana ihlukile, futhi kuzuzwe imiphumela oyifunayo ngaphandle kosizo njengoba kungenzeka. Uma usukhethe ukuthi self-ucwaningo zakho ngeke sibi nengane kuka isimiso semfundo ngoba izingane imfundo pre-school, nje khumbula izimfanelo yobudala ingane ngokwengqondo futhi unamathele nemithetho ethile kuphela.

Iseluleko abazali

• Ukuqeqeshwa uqhutshwa ngendlela umdlalo, bese usebenzisa wonke amathuba ekwenzeni: ukufunda ingane, ukuxhumana, baziqambela imidlalo ndawonye, bheka sishaywe izinto nangebala, mbonise Isenzakalo esingokwemvelo ezithakazelisayo, ukusekela ilukuluku ingane, simfundise usebenza ngesikhathi.
• Qiniseka ukunikeza izingane zabo nabantu nontanga. Kufanele kube ehlelekile imidlalo wokubambisana ku lokudlala, kuleli paki, kwenchubo izingane imiqhudelwano, edluliselwe izinhlanga. Konke lokhu kuyoba isipiliyoni sabo sokuqala ukuziphatha kwengane ngaphakathi eqenjini.
• Move on ingane ukufunda kuwufanele kuphela uma ekhuluma kwakhe ngokwanele. Qala futhi nge amafomu umdlalo, kancane kancane kokudlulela eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Khumbula ukuthi kulesi simo kubalulekile kungasiko isikhathi njengoba ubuningi kanye ukulandelana izifundo. ukufunda izincwadi kumele ihlangabezane kweminyaka ethize kanye izici ngazinye ingane - funda lokho unesithakazelo ukwazi. Uma inkulumo wengane eqhukethe amaphutha isakhiwo syllabic kwamagama noma ukwamukelwa kwabo, has ukukhubazeka esobala yalo ehlukahlukene yokubiza amagama, uhlamvu lokuqala umsebenzi wakho ukuba ngilidlulisele nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma.
• Akunakusetshenziswa akukwazi ngokucijile ingadlulisela ingane mode esikoleni: ukuphuca naye amahora ethule, ukuhlela ngomsebenzi wesikole zokubhalela amakholi wefoni ushintsho. Zonke ezihlinzeka izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abafundi imfundo lezingane zasenkulisa akuyona kuphela ezingadingekile, kodwa futhi kungadala ingozi - kokuba ngenkani abathintekayo lapho isikhulile, ingane ingase uphelelwe isifiso futhi engasenandaba nokuphila esikoleni.