Jikelele Karbyshev: feat (kafushane mayelana Into esemqoka)

Biography Dmitry Karbysheva atypical ngoba ebuthweni lempi laseSoviet: wayengumuntu umnumzana, wezempi sitholwa njengefa. Lena isibonelo esivelele umuntu kwenzakala esikhundleni sakhe futhi wenza sibonga umsebenzi brilliant ukuze ithalente ongapheli, ukuzinikela, amandla akhe siqu obumangalisayo.

Esakhula

Iminyaka eyishumi nambili ubudala Jikelele Karbyshev, a feat okuyinto kwakuseza, lasala ezingenaye ubaba. izingane eziyisithupha ngumama wakhe kuphela. nobunzima lwezezimali kwabantu kwakubhokile, kodwa abantwana wathatha engqondweni.

Senior, uVladimir, wangena Kazan University, kodwa waxoshwa: enozwelo wabaholi. Isiphelo sakhe sasidabukisa: wafa esemncane kakhulu ejele.

Jr wangena laseSiberia ubusosha School, futhi kwadingeka bakhokhele izifundo zabo ngoba umlando womndeni akazange amalungelo. Noma kunjalo Karbyshev kungekho umthunzi. Watadisha lolungenamaphutsa, uthole ukufaneleka kakhulu zobunjiniyela. Zonke ezinye umsebenzi lakhe kuhlotshaniswa ukwakhiwa lempi.

Kusukela senkonzo yezempi

Ngemva kokuthola iziqu ekolishi NgangikuMoya Manchuria (1900). Lapha-ke futhi wathola umqulu wokuqala imikhankaso yezempi, okuyinto belithanyelwe Ngokuzayo jikelele Dmitry Karbyshev. Lokhu feat okhazimulayo wezempi, okuyinto evame kakhulu esilotshwe ezincwadini efanele, ngeke kwenzeke ngaphandle isipiliyoni.

impi Russian-Japanese Karbyshev wahlangana elisezingeni uLieutenant (wathola ngo-1903). Phakathi ubutha ukwenza lokho futhi kwadingeka okukhethekile: isikebhe lokuhambisa phezulu, sebakhe izinqaba, inqobo isixhumanisi. Ukuze anamandla iye yaklonyeliswa futhi wathola ukukhuthazwa: yaphela impi olingana uLieutenant.

Ubunjalo ikusasa Jikelele Karbysheva akazange ayekethise, kakade-ke ukufihla umhlaba wabo akazange acabange ukuthi kudingekile. Ngo-1906, wathunyelwa ku umhlalaphansi: isikhulu yayisilokhu ikhuluma amabutho izindikimba inkanuko.

Ngajabula ukukhonza ...

isinkwa Mahhala kwenzeka ukuba eyesikhashana: abaphathi ngokushesha baqaphela ukuthi sithembekile emhlabeni - Dime idazini, futhi Karbyshev ezingeni Ochwepheshe - akwanele ukuba uthuke inhlamba. Ngemva konyaka, Dmitry Mikhailovich wabuyela inkonzo, futhi ngo-1908 saya ku-Petersburg, ukuze anqobe ezinyoni: wangena Academy of Engineering, okuyinto lolungenamaphutsa lathweswa iziqu ngo-iminyaka emithathu.

Ngo-1911 Karbyshev kakade isikhundla sokuba ukaputeni waya Brest-Litovsk. I inqaba abadumile, ngakho kanzima nalaba amaNazi ngonyaka 41 th, eyakhiwe iqhaza lakhe ngqo.

Ngokushesha ngemva waqala empini. Mangisho ukuthi izimpi okukhulunywa ngazo isabelo Dmitry Mikhailovich wawa ezinengi emhlabeni Russian-Japanese futhi iSoviet-Finnish futhi kokubili. Cishe ngokuvamile ngalinye esizayo Karbyshev eyayihilelekile kusukela ekuqaleni. Feat kufezeke ngemuva kwaloko, kwakungekhona okokuqala futhi akuyena yedwa. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa Przemysl, yena yanikezelwa Order of St Anne futhi ukhushuliwe sombutho.

isikhulu Soviet

Lapho inguquko eyenzeka ngo-Russia, Karbysheva basabela ngempela nkomoni. Kakade ngo-December 1917, akazange anqikaze e siyakwazi ukunikhetha kwakhe siqu, wahlanganyela Red Guard ku iRed Army nengxenye kulwiwa. Ukukwazi kwakhe undoubted ziye zasetshenziswa: Karbyshev iqhaza kudalwa izindawo eziningi ukuzivikela.

Ngo-1920 yena base bekhonze abe yiphini abakhulu unjiniyela weSouthern Front, kanye ngo-1923 - onjiniyela induna Armed Forces of Ukraine futhi eCrimea.

Isayensi futhi ikhanga kumuntu abanamakhono: Karbyshev iminyaka eminingi akazange afundiswe Military Academy. Frunze wabhala phezu namakhulu amaphephandaba ekhethekile yesayensi ku ezivikelweni, amabhuloho kanye nabanye.

Ngobusuku obandulela ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe wayengaphuli ukhushuliwe uLieutenant General (1940). Ngawo lowo nyaka yena wajoyina i-party. Namanje, izwe bekulokhu isimo amaSoviet ngezinye izikhathi nakuba: kulolu hlangothi, amalungu amaningi Party babhubha emakamu kukaStalin, kuhlanganise ezempi ekhaliphile jikelele Karbyshev, a feat okuyinto usinike isibonelo umoya longapheli, wayesethubeni lokuthola umsebenzi brilliant ngaphandle kokuba isikhulu wamaKhomanisi.

Ukuhlanganyela seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili

Ekuhlaseleni ibutho likaHitler wayesenze amaphutha wabanjwa abadala (Dmitry Mikhailovich wazalwa ngo-1880) Jikelele emngceleni osentshonalanga: wahlanganyela imisebenzi ku ukwakhiwa izinqaba. It akazange abe nesikhathi kuphunywe: ukuhlaselwa lokuqala amaJalimane ngishaqekile ebuthweni laseSoviet. Ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa iRed Army zinhlanga ngokushesha, eshiya izinkulungwane efile futhi elimele. amasosha amaningi Soviet nezikhulu bathunjwa. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Jikelele Karbyshev. Feat okuqina isikhulu Russian waqala ekuqaleni kuka-August 1941 futhi yathatha cishe iminyaka emine.

AmaJalimane babe kahle yini ebangeni sebewelele uchwepheshe. Basuke ngempela ngabomvu nolwazi lwakhe, nakho kanye ithalente. Kunobufakazi, owawuthi ke wayezoletha ukuze inkonzo Wehrmacht ngemva ngokunqoba kwakho, futhi lapha inhlanhla enjalo! Kodwa amaNazi belinde ukumangala kubuhlungu ngempela: feat General Karbysheva, kungenzeka kwakungekhona umbukwane, kodwa wabonisa ngendlela ehlaba umxhwele isibindi, isibindi nokuzinikela ngenxa yezwe. Ukubambisana uye ziyaqhubeka zenqaba, njengoba ichithe eziningi umzamo nokubekezela, ekugcineni-ke wanquma Isiphelo sakhe.

sokuhlushwa isanqante

Ekuqaleni Karbyshev kwaba ekamu lokuhlushwa kwimodi ejwayelekile, lapho siphuza egcwele. Kodwa ngo-1942 wathunyelwa ekamu lokuhlushwa Hammelburg. Imibandela kwakukhona nelungelo: Jikelele Karbysheva ubuqhawe yafuna hhayi kuphela ukubekezela kwakhe, kodwa futhi ukumelana nesilingo. Iningi lalabo abathatha uhlangothi ngasinda ezethusayo evamile "izikhungo zezempilo" kaHitler, isikhihle isililo lapha, engasafuni phindela isipiliyoni.

Ukuze "isikhalo iqiniso," esho ngesikhathi ephendula uColonel Karbyshev Pelit - amaNazi ngifuna ngempela phambili, ngoba uma sebengene Dmitry Mikhailovich basebenza ndawonye. Isikhulu German kusetshenzwe ngokucophelela Red Jikelele, emchaza izinzuzo eziningi - ezingokoqobo futhi abanye ngubani ukuthola, ukhaphela lokhokho. asilandelwanga Umphumela omuhle. Jikelele Karbyshev, a feat engasasetshenziselwa kwenza kube ukuhlonipha, abambisane wenqaba sebekubeke, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho: wayeqiniseka ngokunqoba izingalo Soviet. Ngokuqiniseka ukuthi baba nesandla esivulekile bazipha nabanye, idolo kubo engadingekile ngokuphelele, ngokuvumelana amaNazi, ukuba nethemba lokuhle.

I ukuthatha isinqumo sokuthwala isiswebhu

Kwanqunywa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa isanqante nenduku ukuba bathathe - futhi bavalelwa bodwa ejele Berlin uvele Karbyshev jikelele. Feat, chaza kafushane okuyinto akusebenzi, efunwa ngabakwa unjiniyela Russian ukhonkolo yokuzibona ulungile.

"Kulolo ketshezi" isiboshwa sayo cishe inyanga, amaJalimane wanquma ukuthi lokhu kuyoba okwanele. Ukuvela kwenye Njengoba ngiphenywa ngemibuzo, jikelele atholakala ehhovisi Raubengeymera Uprofesa womphenyi abadumile, onguchwepheshe odumile emkhakheni we izinqaba. Yiqiniso, lalilazi. Ukuze Karbyshev German aphathwe ngenhlonipho enkulu.

Shrew Jikelele wenza umusho wokugcina, lapho ukuphana akakwazanga ukumsiza kodwa umxhwele. Karbyshev ahlinzekwa ukushiya emakamu nasemajele esenana okuqukethwe baphane futhi namandla okwenza yini ayithandayo. Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano, kwakufanele bonyana enze ukuhlela laboratory ezesayensi ukuklama ukuhlolwa. State othandwa ngokwako isidingo, lo ithola uxhaso eye yasakazwa kabanzi. Ngezimpawu namasevisi wakhe kungaba izingqondo best of the Third Reich futhi umtapo.

unjiniyela Military bengaqondi ukuthi ukusikisela okulandelayo engalandelwa. Noma kunjalo, impendulo yakhe bebumfishane: ngokubeka udumo lakhe lempi ngenhla ukuphila ngokwakho, bashiya isitha bounty, okwembula isibonelo ubuqhawe kweqiniso. Feat General Karbysheva ungakwazi libeke kafushane ngamazwi akhe: "Ngiyisosha futhi ngisathembekile emsebenzini wami."

Amahlaya siphezu

ngokushesha AmaNazi wagqoka amaphupho nokubambisana engu- ngesibindi Karbyshev wazithola Flossenbürg. Umsebenzi wawunzima kakhulu, kodwa, ngokuvumelana solagernikov wobufakazi, jikelele futhi akuvelanga wathuthukisa ukufikelwa ukudangala. Ukukholelwa ukunqoba ikusasa neze entula. Wagxilisa nkolelo abanye, njengoba luhlobo luni lomholi we ukumelana.

Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalokhu, futhi mhlawumbe ngezinye izizathu, it is njalo adluliselwe kusukela ekamu ekamu. Ekuqaleni kuka-1945, lapho ukunqoba ukuhlala kungakapheli masonto amangaki, wayengumuntu ekamu isiboshwa laseMauthausen ukufa irowu.

ukufa iqhawe

izisulu zabo amaNazi akuyona ikakhulukazi emcimbini. Umphumela empini yase-abaningi kwabonakala kakade, akabanga ukukhohlisa. Hitler uchungechunge izinja wazama crack phansi labo abasesikhundleni sokuphatha kwabo.

Ngo-February 18, amaGestapo amacala abo egcekeni futhi eqala ukuthululela amanzi ice kusuka amapayipi amanzi. Kwakuyisikhathi frost ezinzima - isiphelile, abantu abalambile babulawa ngamunye ngamunye, umuntu engenakukwazi ukuma inhliziyo, umuntu nje eba yiqhwa. Ngenxa yokuzama Dodge ukhishwa buhlungu ikhanda. Phakathi eziphikelelayo kakhulu wazibonakalisa Karbyshev Jikelele: ngisho esephenduka insika ice, wathola amandla okusekela comrades.

Le ndaba liyaziwa solagerniku jikelele, isikhulu Canadian Seddon de Saint-Clair. Ngo-1946, lapho ngisesibhedlela London, yavele yafuna umhlangano omele Soviet nezindaba umsebenzi kuthutha. Kwakuwusuku izindaba lokuqala Dmitrii Mihayloviche: kusukela 1941, yena waba zibalwa phakathi kwezinto ezingekho.

Ngemva kokuqinisekisa Imininingwane etholwe Jikelele Karbysheva ubuqhawe basekuthunjweni isitha ukuba wayehlonishwa kakhulu baziswa ubuholi Soviet. emva kweminyaka cishe ncamashi eziyisihlanu wathunjwa, yena yanikezelwa Hero isihloko eSoviet Union.

inkumbulo Folk

Njalo ngonyaka abantu beze laseMauthausen wokukhumbula abantu abayizinkulungwane 300 abahlukunyezwa kanye lapha. On the indawo kukhona lesikhumbuzo ukuze Jikelele Karbysheva yena zikhuthaza ukungabi namahloni okuthanda obusa endaweni ngezandla zakhe eligoqiwe esifubeni sakhe. Isibalo hero imele itshe uhhafu kuphela - dwala limelela ice nombhoshongo baba ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, Jikelele Karbyshev. Feat emavesini sung edumile imbongi Soviet , uSergei Vasiliev. Ngo-1975, wabhala ngenkondlo okuthiwa "Isithunzi", okuyiwona waklonyeliswa uMklomelo State.

ERussia eminyakeni yamuva ayemaningi amathuba ukukhumbula esedlule nobuqhawe. Kuwo wonke amazinga, asekelwe futhi ukhuthazeke kakhulu ngokubona kwesifiso sokwazi siziqhenye ngomlando wabo. Baqala ukuvela, futhi izihloko eziningana Dmitrii Mihayloviche. izinsiza eziningi ze-Internet ukushicilela okudaliwe abasebenzisi balo, umbono yesibindi isikhulu. Ake inkondlo abanye mayelana ubuqhawe General Karbysheva kuwubuwula futhi kuyisidala musa njalo ukudlala kahle imvumelwano, kodwa zilotshiwe ngokusuka enhliziyweni.