UVladimir Monomakh: portrait zomlando. Nikeza incazelo inqubomgomo Vladimira Monomaha

UVladimir Monomakh abawazi izazi-mlando zanamuhla kangcono kunamanye izikhulu kule nkathi. Akwaziwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe (1053-1125), kanye lokuthi wazalwa of Vsevolod Yaroslavich nesithi "iNdlovukazi grekini". Ngokusho unina, uVladimir kwaba umzukulu Constantine IX (umbusi WaseByzantium), futhi uyise - Yaroslava Mudrogo.

Wathola imfundo ephakeme kakhulu futhi wayazi izilimi eziningana, ezihlanganisa isi-Greek. AmaRoma asendulo bacabanga ukuthi kubalulekile ukwazi ulimi mfundo eqhubekayo. Zonke kolwazi lwesayensi, zefilosofi nangokomoya bangaleso sikhathi babesebenza kuyo ivulelwe omunye owayazi inkulumo yesiGreki kanye nemisebenti yekubhala. Emlandweni ekilasini esikoleni ungakwazi ngokuvamile ukuzwa lo mbuzo: "Nikeza impendulo Inqubomgomo Vladimira Monomaha". Impendulo ke, futhi isihloko.

Ukuqala wokubusa

Eminyakeni yokuqala Vladimir II ebusa kwa Rostov-ke ukuba Smolensk, Chernigov, Pereyaslavl. Igunya lakhe empilweni zezombusazwe yayiyisikhathi elingenakuphikwa. Wayengumuntu Umphikisi okuqina wombango fratricidal phakathi izikhulu. Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo: "Nikeza impendulo Inqubomgomo Vladimira Monomaha", kufanele kube ngokucophelela sihlole izenzakalo Lyubetskii Congress izikhulu.

Lokho uVladimir kwaba Initiator of le ngqungquthela e Lubitsch e 1097, injongo okuyinto wawuwukuvimba ukuxabana phakathi kwezikhulu, ukuza isivumelwano evamile yokuthi othile lawo lingelawo. Ukulwisana ukuxabana Wayelokhu konke ukuphila kwakhe.

inqubomgomo Isici

Isitha eyinhloko Russia, ngaphezu feuds kwesikhulu, uVladimir Monomah Polovtsian kubhekwe. Lokho wakwazi okubambelela imihambuma futhi ukusungula kuleli zwe impilo enokuthula iminyaka engamashumi amathathu.

Ngaphezu izikhali, ukugcina ukuthula ezweni labo, wasebenzisa amasu kakhokho wakhe Yaroslava Mudrogo. It is ukuthi eyaduma ngokuthi "Umukhwe Europe" ezaziwayo. UVladimir II washada namadodana akhe ukuba indodakazi Polovtsian Khan. Kanjalo yamqinisa nobuhlobo obunokuthula.

Ube esenikezwa shade nendodakazi we-Anglo-Saxon yinkosi Gita. Nge imishado mezhdinasticheskih wakwazi ukuphinde Ganiselanani IsiSwidi, IsiNorway, WaseByzantium, isimo Hungarian. Okulandelayo izokwethulwa inqubomgomo yangaphakathi Vladimira Monomaha kafushane.

inqubomgomo yasekhaya

inqubomgomo isici Vladimira Monomaha akugcini impi, ukulwa nokuphikisana emzabalazweni kanye izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe. Wayelethwa wahlanganyela ncono imphilo empini, umsebenzi zomphakathi, ukwakhiwa. Ngakho, emibhalweni yaminyaka lapho kukhulunywa ukwakhiwa kwebhuloho yonkana Dnieper, umzana onezivikelo eziqinile Ladoga futhi Novgorod Elikhulu, ukudalwa amathempeli amaningi.

I share of Russia ka sikhathi wathatha izinhlekelele eziningi, isikhulu akakwazanga ukulwa nabo. Lezi izenzakalo inhlekelele kanye izenzakalo yilezi:

• ukuzamazama komhlaba;
• kwesomiso;
• izikhukhula (ngokuvamile eNovgorod);
• imililo (nomlilo obhubhisayo ikakhulukazi uvele eKiev ngo 1124, owathatha izinsuku ezimbili, babulala bonke Podil futhi ingxenye Upper Idolobha);
• izinkumbi ayehlasela (eningizimu).

Ukuhlela izimpilo zabantu, iSikhulu ibuyekeze "Iqiniso Russian". Ngemva yabo add-on, it saqanjwa ngokuthi "Charter Vladimira Monomaha". Lalihlanganisa izinto loan imali, okuyinto usungula isithakazelo izinkokhelo evamile izikweletu. Lokhu kuye kwenza ukuba abantu abavamile (ryadovicham, stinks, ukuthenga) ugweme ukuba usongo kwakusho ukukhululwa kwezigqila isikweleti. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le dokhumenti yalwela boyars, abathengisi, amaqhawe, usurers, labapristi elivela nokuvukela ethandwa.

Naphezu isifiso sokuba sibe nobunye, inqubomgomo yangaphakathi Vladimira Monomaha akazange ehilela ukubhujiswa oda ethize. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka umbono wokuthi isikhulu okufanele bahlanganyele izandla zabo kakhulu ngendlela umhlaba kungenzeka bona nezingane zabo.

Imiyalelo izingane

UVladimir Monomakh, okuyinto wawunganikezwanga ezombusazwe zasekhaya kuphela elwa ukuxabana, emelelwe emisebenzini yobuciko. Omunye imisebenzi eziqhakambisa Prince, kwaba yakhe "Iziyalezo Izingane". Kuyinto isibonelo esicacile nokuhlakanipha kwakhe, erudition, ukufunda nokubhala ehlonipha. Kuyo, unxusa izingane zakhe ukuba aphile ngokuthula. He epha them imiyalelo yakhe.

Isiqondiso Vladimira Monomaha:

• kunazo zonke izindawo ukuba bakhulekele uNkulunkulu;
• empini nje bathembele ngokwakho, hhayi kombusi;
• musa ubuvila;
• Ngiyakuthanda omkenu, kepha mabangezi babe dlakathi you;
• Qiniseka ukulandela ubulungisa;
• lahlonishwa zabantu - asebekhulile njengawoyise nezinsizwa njengabafowabo;
• funda amanxusa kanye izivakashi izipho noma ekuphatha, njengoba uzokutshela mayelana nezwe;
• ungakhohlwa ulwazi lwabo nokufunda izinto ezintsha.

Umsebenzi uqobo ufundwa abantu bangesikhathi njengenhlangano lesikhumbuzo etemibhalo oluvelele. Futhi-ke isetshenziswa njengophawu idokhumenti zomlando, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba aqonde izici zokuphila Russian ephakathi, indlela yalo yokuphila, izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Ujwayele umkhiqizo kuzovumela abafundi futhi abafundi ukuthi lapho zibhekene nomsebenzi: "Nikeza incazelo inqubomgomo Vladimira Monomaha".

indlela Kugcine

Duke wahlala '74. Izinsuku zakhe zokugcina Emhlabeni kwakuhlobene nenkolelo-izindaba isimo. Yayihamba Pereyaslavl lakubo wayehlose ukubukela ekupheleni ukwakhiwa yeSonto Boris futhi Gleb.

Ngemva kokufa kwakhe isidumbu sakhe uyiswa Kiev angcwaba izinsalela e St Sophia Cathedral eduze uyise. Umlobi womlando lisitshela ukuthi bonke abantu wamlilela, ngoba ekholelwa yakhe "bratolyubtsem, nischelyubtsem futhi ogulayo uhlobo ezweni Russian."

Legend of the Cap ka Monomakh

Uma ucela: "Nikeza impendulo Inqubomgomo Vladimira Monomaha", kuyafaneleka kokukhuluma nganekwane ezithakazelisayo. Siqukethe eqinisweni lokuthi lapho isikhulu Kiev waya eByzantium, umbusi wamthumela maqondana izimpawu igunya (zobungoma). Amanxusa yamupha isipho, eyayihlanganisa ezihlukahlukene lezinto kuyigugu futhi kungcwele:

• esiphambanweni sokhuni nge kokubethelwa kuyizinhlayiyana lapho Kristu abulawelwa kuyo;
• inkomishi oniksi, neyayingaphansi ngesikhathi UMbusi u-Augustus Caesar,
• bartenders Gold (emahlombe) ehlotshiswe namatshe ayigugu;
• nomgexo wegolide Arabian
• umqhele wobukhosi.

Wabe usubizwa ngokuthi umqhele Cap Monomakh sika. Yena yagcotshwa phezu kwezihlalo zamakhosi ukulandela Petra Velikogo. ochwepheshe Modern usuthole iphutha kule nganekwane, ngoba umqhele yakhiwa izingxenye ukuthi esukela emuva ekhulwini le-14.

Nokho, le nganekwane kufakazela ukuthi iRussia ayebhekwa owalandela waseConstantinople (waseConstantinople). Ekuphikiseni baye iziphetho ezinjalo okwamanje ixazululwe, ngokwengxenye ngenxa inqubomgomo abahlakaniphile uVladimir Vsevolodovich.