St Sophia Cathedral - isikhonkwane edume kakhulu Kiev

St Sophia Cathedral - Igugu ezibaluleke kakhulu yezakhiwo isenkabeni Kiev, oku isikwele eponymous. Ekhulwini XI endaweni empini olunegazi okwenzeka, okuholele amaviyo Kiev Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo wakwazi ukunqoba phezu Pechenegs ayimizulane, futhi ngoba isonto grand Orthodox esakhiwa kamuva lapha.

indaba

Edolobheni Kiev Saint UZandile Cathedral wabonakala ngesikhathi kubusa edume Yaroslava Mudrogo, kodwa emlandweni wesonto Orthodox eyinhloko Kievan Rus kuyinto kubenzima. Abanye abacwaningi baye bame kwelokuthi ethempelini le sayithi eyasungulwa phakathi nokubusa Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha, kodwa izazi eziningi zithi zihlanganisa obeka isisekelo ngenkathi Yaroslava Mudrogo.

Cathedral esakhiwe engcono amakhosi WaseByzantium ethunyiwe waseConstantinople, kodwa esontweni seliyinhloko zisabalele kunamanye amabandla WaseByzantium-Orthodox, futhi iyona isakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke ethempelini endaweni zangaphambi Mongol Russia. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphothulwa Kyïv UZandile Cathedral elaba isikhungo ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe, ezingokomoya nezingokomzimba kwamasiko, njengoba kule ndawo izikhulu omkhulu wathola amanxusa akwamanye amazwe, ukusebenza encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla ethempelini, egumbini elingaphansi ube umtapo wezincwadi, futhi ezaziwa LoMhlangano bahlangana ngqo ngaphansi kwezindonga zawo ngokubabazekayo.

Ngo 1240 the St Sophia Cathedral waxoshwa ngo amaMongol, kodwa isakhiwo ngasinda ngokuphelele, futhi kuphela ekhulwini XVII e izakhiwo ithempeli lika izinguquko eziphawulekayo Kuye kwenziwa. Ngakho, esikhundleni domes hemispherical asendulo efakwe okusezingeni eliphezulu domes ipheya emise, ithempeli lakhiwe a Izindlwana entsha, kanye olungaphambili lwesonto yayo olucakiwe. Ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet, Cathedral elahlekile isimo ethempelini, futhi ngo-1934 wathola isimo Museum-reserve. Khulekela ke cishe non-akukho manje, futhi isevisi kanye kuphela ngonyaka - 24 Agasti, lapho Ukraine igubha yayo Independence Day.

Architecture and design ingaphakathi

Ekuqaleni kwawo-XVII-XVIII eminyaka, lapho St Sophia Cathedral buye baba ingxenye ebalulekile Orthodox sezindela eziyinkimbinkimbi, olungaphambili lwesonto ethempelini wanika izici Ukrainian Baroque. Futhi emhlabeni isakhiwo lasendulo babengene nakwezinye izakhiwo okufanayo isitayela yezakhiwo, kuhlanganise i umbhoshongo yokungena nombhoshongo isikhencezo Refectory izindlu ahambisanayo namaklabhu Brama Zaborovsky Metropolitan Ikhaya.

The main "gqamisa" lombhishobhi kuyagcinwa KaMose XI leminyaka, futhi edume kakhulu kubo - Kristu Pantocrator kanye Virgin Oranta. Zonke umsebenzi KaMose ethempelini kusetshenziswa glazes, okuyinto usawoti ingxubevange, ingilazi nensimbi oxides, futhi kuphela izingcezwana wenziwa itshe yemvelo lasendulo izingcezu okuyinhloko.

Ngeshwa, nemidwebo ethempelini ezisekhona kunalokho yasendulo KaMose imihlobiso. Esitezi lombhishobhi ungabona elikhulu lensimbi amapuleti, okuyinto kuyabonakala ucwezana isithombe, okuyinto kubhekwa uphawuDELIMITERnezela Muslim. Futhi akucaci ukuthi kungani isembozo phansi ezifana uvele shrine Orthodox. Ekuqaleni, amakamelo central of flooring ziye kwavula nge yamatshe emathuneni kanye aisles - amapuleti elincane ngobumba, izingcezwana Ceramic futhi Tile flooring ezindaweni ehlukile futhi manje kuyabonakala.

Izici

UZandile Cathedral eside igcinwe omunye imfihlo, vula wizadi ngesikhathi umsebenzi wokubuyisela. Lokhu lasendulo odongeni kwakunemibhalo eqoshiwe, okuyinto kamuva zazifihlwa ngaphansi ngomcako kanye nemidwebo zokuhlobisa futhi lezi tracings Izivakashi St Sophia kuyabonakala namuhla, njengoba restorers akazange ukuwafihla noma ukupenda yasezindongeni entsha. Enye Luhambo wethempeli kuyinto sarcophagus lasendulo ezibaziweyo zemabula, okuyinto iyisonto izinsalela oshonile e 1054 Grand Yaroslava Mudrogo, futhi ukuhlolwa kuyatholakala zonke isivakashi.