Tanya Savicheva: Biography ukuvinjelwa idayari kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Ejwayelekile Leningrad intombazane uTanya Savicheva yaziwa kuyo yonke sibonga emhlabeni Idayari yakhe, ayelokhu ku 1941 - 1942 biennium. ngesikhathi evimbezela Leningrad. Le ncwadi ibe olunye lwezimpawu oyinhloko labo zehlakalo ezimbi.

Indawo kanye nosuku lokuzalwa

Tanya Savicheva wazalwa ngo-January 23, 1930 edolobhaneni elincane ngokuthi Dvorishche. Le ndawo owelama Lake Peipus. Abazali wamphakamisa futhi ngawakhulisa eLeningrad, lapho echithe cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe. Sami abaphezulu Savichevs babevela enhlokodolobha enyakatho. Umama wentombazane Maria Ignatyevna isinqumo sokuba abelethe edolobheni elikude iqiniso lokuthi kwakukhona udadewabo, umyeni wakhe owayengumbonisi udokotela onguchwepheshe. Wadlala indima nombelethisi futhi ukuba ngibheke lokuzalwa ngokuphepha.

Tanya Savicheva ngimntwana yesishiyagalombili umkhaya wakhe omkhulu futhi benobungane. Wayengumngane junior zonke nabafowethu nodadewethu. Abathathu kubo bafa ngaphambi kokuzalwa intombazane njengomthwalo ingane ngo-1916, ngenxa Igagasi scarlet fever. Ngakho, ekuqaleni nokuvinjelwa Thani Odadewethu ababili abadala (Eugene noNina), nomfowabo (uLeonidas Michael).

umndeni Savicheva

uyise uTanya kwakungu Nepmen - okungukuthi, umniniso wasekuqaleni. Ngisho nasezikhathini tsarist UNikolai Savitchev ephethwe ebhikawozi, ukudla okunoshukela ngisho yamabhayisikobho. Lapho amaBolshevik liqala ukubusa, wonke lezi zinkampani uhulumeni. UNikolai Rodionovich hhayi kuphela balahlekelwa yikho konke ababenakho, kodwa phathelana disenfranchised - ke ehlisela amalungelo okuvota, njengoba alithembekile emphakathini.

Eminyakeni engu-30 umndeni Savicheva ngisho kafushane evicted esuka kude impela eLeningrad, kodwa ngokushesha bakwazi ukubuyela edolobheni lakubo. Nokho, zonke lezi uthuthumele Nicholas akakwazanga ukumelana futhi wafa ngo-1936. Izingane zayo babengavunyelwe ngiyofunda eyunivesithi noma ukujoyina iQembu LamaKhomanisi. Abazalwane nodade abadala wasebenza Izimboni ahlukahlukene kanye namabhizinisi kweLeningrad. Omunye wabo - leonid bewathanda umculo, yingakho endlini Savicheva kwaba eningi amathuluzi njalo lidlule gay amateur amakhonsathi. Ikakhulukazi abasebasha uTanya isifuba kwakungekaNkulunkulu kuyisekazi Basil (umfowabo uyise).

Qala ukuvinjelwa

Ngo-May 1941, uTanya Savicheva eseqedile 3 ekilasini. Ehlobo umndeni ufuna ukuya eNkantolo dolobhana eholidini. Nokho Juni 22 esephawula ukuhlasela German iSoviet Union ngamandla amakhulu. Khona-ke bonke abantu abadala Savichevs banquma ukuhlala e-Leningrad, futhi basize kule ezingemuva iRed Army. Amadoda nebhodi okusalungiswa, kodwa wenqaba. Umfowethu leonid kwaba ukungaboni ezimbi, futhi umalume Vasily nangokuthi Alexei asihambisani ubudala. Michael kuphela uvele impi. Ngemva ukuthunjwa Pskov amaJalimane ngo-July 1941 waba fighter abashokobezi ngemva imigqa isitha.

udadewabo omdala Nina sika ngesikhathi esifanayo baya umbe imisele eduze Leningrad, noJack uqale ukuba unikele ngegazi kwadingeka kwezinhlelo amasosha ukumpontshelwa kwabonayo. Ukuvinjelwa Diary Tani Savichevoy ingatsheli le mininingwane. Kuyinto Amakhasi ayisishiyagalolunye kuphela amantombazane kufanelekile amanothi short mayelana nokufa yabathandekayo babo. Yonke imininingwane mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani umndeni Savicheva waziwa kamuva kakhulu, lapho umntwana idayari isibe olunye lwezimpawu eyinhloko ukuthi ukuvinjelwa esabekayo.

Ukufa Eugene

Eugene bafela Savicheva nomndeni kuqala. It libukelwa phansi kakhulu impilo yabo ngenxa yegazi njalo umnikelo endaweni zokumpontshelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udadewabo omdala uTanya waqhubeka esebenza efektri. Ngezinye izikhathi wahlala yokulala khona lapho, ukuze asindise amandla nisebenze amashifu engeziwe. Okwenzeka empeleni ukuthi ekupheleni 1941 bonke ezokuthutha zomphakathi wayeka eLeningrad. Kwakuhlangene yokuthi mgwaqo ulilethele eqhweni omkhulu, ukuthi kwakungekho muntu ukuhlanza. Ukuze uthole ukusebenza, Eugene ezingenamafutha kwadingeka ukuthi ahambe nsuku ahambe amabanga amade amakhilomitha ambalwa. Ukucindezeleka yokuntuleka ukuphumula kakhulu ukuthonywa umzimba wakhe. Disemba 28, 1941 Eugene washonela ezandleni zikadadewabo UNina, ababefika bezombona yakhe ngemva aliyitholanga emsebenzini. Khona-ke okufanayo ukuvinjelwa idayari Tani Savichevoy agcwaliswa nge irekhodi lokuqala.

Ingeyokuqala

Ekuqaleni, idayari Tani Savichevoy kusukela nokuvinjezelwa kweLeningrad kwaba notebook ngodadewabo UNina. Wayevame wakhe emsebenzini wakhe. UNina wayesemncane umklami-draftsman. Ngakho incwadi yakhe waba nengxenye zaveza ngolwazi ahlukahlukene lwezobuchwepheshe boilers futhi amapayipi.

Diary of Tani Savichevoy waqala cishe ngo-kwaze kwaba sekupheleni impela. Ingxenye yesibili yale ncwadi ibilokhu ihlukaniswe ngama-alfabethi for lula navigation. Girl okwenza irekhodi lokuqala, wayeka ekhasini, emakwe incwadi "F". Kukhona idayari Tani Savichevoy kusukela ovinjezelwe Leningrad phakade walilondoloza ikhumbule lokho Jack washona ngoDisemba 28 ngo-12 ekuseni.

New 1942 th

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kakade ezinyangeni zokuqala kwemvelo abantu eziningi edolobheni abuna sengathi akwenzekanga lutho ukuvinjelwa ukuqhubeka kweLeningrad. Diary of Tani Savichevoy ilingane amanothi ambalwa mayelana izenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu umndeni wakhe. Le ntombazane wenza entry wakhe ngepeniseli ezivamile anemibala.

Ngo-January 1942, ugogo uTanya sika komama Evdokia Grigorevne Fedorova kwatholakala sokuwohloka. Lesi sigwebo sekuvame zonke ekhaya, kuzo zonke indawo, kanye nomndeni. ELeningrad wayeka izabelo zivela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, futhi amasheya ezifuywayo kokuba ngokushesha isiyaphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaJalimane ngosizo emoyeni ekuqaleni ukuvinjezelwa wabhubhisa hangars, lapho baqongelela okusanhlamvu. Akumangazi ukuthi ubudala ugogo oneminyaka engu-74 ubudala uTanya wafa yokukhathala kwabokuqala. Washona 25 Januwari, 1942, nje ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili usuku lokuzalwa amantombazane.

Okuthunyelwe Blog kwakamuva

Ngokulandelayo, ngemva ugogo wabulawa sokuwohloka Evdokia leonid. Ngo umndeni wakhe babembiza Lekoy. oneminyaka engu-24 ubudala nsizwa yayingumuntu yobudala efanayo njengoba Okthoba Revolution. Wasebenzela Admiralty Shipyard. Inkampani liseduze kakhulu ekhaya Savicheva, kodwa Leca namanje cishe ayikaze lapho, futhi nsuku zonke, bahlala ubusuku ngesikhathi ibhizinisi ukuze uthole ku shift yesibili. Leonid washona ngo-17 Mashi. Diary of Tani Savichevoy igcinwe izindaba mayelana kufa omunye wabangane emakhasini ayo.

Ngo-April, ayizange uMalume Vasya, futhi ngo-May - umalume Lesha. uyise Brothers uTanya sika wangcwatshwa Piskarevsky. ngemva Leschi umama kayisekazi ezintathu nje izinsuku wafa intombazane Maria Savicheva. Kwathi Meyi 13, 1942. Khona-ke uTanya kwesokunxele e iphephabhuku yakhe ezintathu zokugcina okufakwe - "Savichevs bafa," "Bonke bafa", "Kwakukhona umuntu uTanya".

Le ntombazane yayingazi ukuthi Mike noNina ngasinda. Umfowabo omdala wayelwile ngaphambili futhi kwaba engabandlululi, yingakho ngakho isikhathi eside kwakungekho izindaba. Waba abakhubazekile sokuthula wathutha kuphela ngesihlalo sabakhubazekile. UNina, abasebenza Leningrad yakhe isitshalo ukuthi usheshe kuleyo ndawo futhi wayengakwazi ngesikhathi esifanele azise umndeni wakhe wensindiso yakhe.

UDade ngemva kwempi yokuqala, wathola encwajaneni yakhe. UNina, wayithumelela embukisweni, uchaza izinsuku lapho kwakukhona nokuvinjelwa Leningrad. Diary of Tani Savichevoy waziwa ezweni lonke nje ngaleso sikhathi.

intombazane nokuzula

Ngemva kokufa kukanina uTanya wasala yedwa. Okokuqala, waya omakhelwane Nikolaenko, owayehlala nazo ndlininye phansi ngenhla. Uyise lo mkhaya wahlela Thani umngcwabo kanina. Le ntombazane yena wayengakwazi ukuya emcimbini, ngoba kwaba ayinamandla. Ngosuku olulandelayo, uTanya waya Evdokia Arsenieva, nomshana ugogo wakhe. Ukushiya ekhaya, intombazane wathatha ibhokisi lapho ukugcina izinto ezahlukene (ezifaka ukufa futhi ibhulogi umndeni).

Owesifazane ekhishwe sivikelwe phezu Savicheva ezincane. Evdokia wayesebenza esikhumulweni isitshalo futhi ngokuvamile ukushiya uyintombazane wedwa ekhaya. Yena uye wahlupheka ukungondleki ukungondleki kahle, yingakho ngisho ne obhekwe entwasahlobo akanikanga Sahlukana izingubo ebusika (njengoba nginomuzwa Ukugodola). Ngo-June 1942, uTanya wathola Vasily Krylov - nomngane wakhe wakudala njalo emkhayeni wakhe. Wakwazi ukuletha incwadi evela udade Nina abadala, owayesesimweni esiphuthumayo.

ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi

Ehlobo lika-1942, Savicheva Tatyana Nikolaevna nge namanje amakhulu ezingane bathunyelwa lezintandane kule Gorky esifundeni. Lapho, emva kwase kuphephile. abasebenzi esikhulu Childcare. Kodwa ngesikhathi uTania impilo bekaphadlhuke baqede ihlandla labo. Ubethula ngokwenyama ukhathele kusukela ukungondleki eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intombazane wagula waphathwa isifo sofuba, yingakho kwathiwa ngihlukanisiwe nontanga.

Impilo Ingane isha kancane kakhulu. Entwasahlobo ka-1944, wagqunywa ekhaya lasebekhulile. Kukhona isifo sofuba zathuthumela esigabeni yokugcina ngentuthuko yaso. Lesi sifo esikhulu sokuwohloka, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa kanye ephethwe yisifo sezinsini. Intombazanyana lena ishonele Julayi 1, 1944. Ezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe yena izimpumputhe ngokuphelele. Ngakho, ngisho nangemva kokuba kuhlengwe ukubulala iziboshwa ezazikanye ukuvinjelwa iminyaka emibili. Diary of Tani Savichevoy baba emifushane, kodwa omunye ubufakazi umxhwele kakhulu futhi olunzulu ngezinto ezishaqisayo okwakhuthazelelwa abakhileyo Leningrad.