Zaporizhzhya Sich - a Cossack Republic

Zaporizhzhya Sich - yeseli ebiyelweyo nereestrovogo Zaporozhye amabutho (ngezansi) e engxenyeni XVI kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII yesibili. Laliqhele ngemuva Rapids ka Dnieper esiqhingini Khortytsya. ekudalweni kwawo kwakunjengokwetshe umfutho sokuhlanganiswa Ukraine Cossacks. Zaporizhzhya Sich owaba nethonya elikhulu kumiswa ingubani le Cossacks kanye ukugomela isakhiwo sabo yenhlangano. Londoloza ulwazi Sechah eziyisikhombisa njalo alternated. Sizama ukuba siqonde lokho elinamandla ngempela emlandweni kwadingeka Zaporizhzhya Sich, ukuthi iyini futhi ngayiphi injongo ke wadala.

kudivayisi

Zaporizhzhya Sich - lokhu inqaba siqhingi, esingamakhilomitha esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe okuvimbezela nge palisades. Along azungezwe kwakukhona izibhamu. Phakathi lapho imiphini has indawo ebanzi, lapho emi emabhalekisini onqenqemeni ukubhema lapho Cossack Zaporozhtzi wahlala. Ekamu besho latinkhulungwane letinyentana. Ngezinye izikhathi inombolo lafinyelela amashumi ezinkulungwane. abasebenzi unomphela okuthiwa Kosh. On insimu bekungunyaka futhi isonto, esikoleni, indlu izikhulu eziphezulu, ezempi kanye izindlu. Sich uyithempeli likaMoya Virgin eNgcwele okhonzile abefundisi ukuba Kiev-Mezhyhirska Archimandrite. Evulekile eduze isonto laliyisikhungo ukuphila zezenhlalo nezombusazwe Zaporozhye Sech. Kwakukhona Imikhandlu olwenziwa nemikhulu.

Ukuze imiphini kwaba asempumalanga, lapho abathengisi eze izimpahla zabo. Sich ukudayisa imikhiqizo yabo lapho. Njengomthetho, bekuwumdlalo, inhlanzi. Zaporizhzhya Sich - ensimini wayedabuka ngokuphelele mahhala amandla kulendawo. Lords and serfs babengekho. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi sechevikov eyakhelwe hhayi ngokucindezelwa evamile, kodwa nsuku nezivumelwano. yilowo nalowo kwaba khulula. Phezulu Zaporizhzhya Sich Yiqiniso, saphinde saba nelungelo lokusebenza. izikhulu eziphezulu ababevama abanikazi ubusika ezinkulu, Mills amanzi, izinkomo nezimbuzi nemihlambi yezinkomo nokunye. N.

neziphathimandla ukhetho

Zaporizhzhya Sich - inhlangano paramilitary nge yokwehlayo ecacile kwamandla. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke umuntu kwaba Cossack khulula, umehluko yezenhlalakahle isekhona. Usayitsheni Rich walalela mass sechevikov abampofu. Phakathi amaqembu Ekilasini kwakuhlale ungqimba abanikazi encane - esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Kusukela phakathi Cossacks ocebile okhethwe ivoti ethandwa ithiphu, egxile amandla okulawula ezandleni zabo. Yena ehola ibutho futhi ulawule izimali futhi amelwe Sitch e enobudlelwane nawo.

Naphezu ilungelo lokuvota of Cossack ngamunye induna cishe njalo kwakudingeka afune ukuthi ezibavunayo bona. Zaporizhzhya Sich - imfundo, okuthiwa Cossack republic.

umphakathi Sich lahlukaniswa laba ukubhema. Njengegunya eliphakeme kwaba Cossack Council, ziqondiswe izindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu. Afike engxenyeni Sich. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi akhethwe ataman. Rada futhi okufanayo ayengakwazi khona ukususa kuye kusukela ehhovisi. Ngo sechevikov ayenakho kwabalindi bakhe. Kube ikhodi uhlelo zokwahlulela lokujeziswa. Ngokweba kusuka nozakwethu, igunya kanye ukweyisa ekufezeni umyalo ephakeme, okuhlanganisa nawokudlwengula abesifazane ngesikhathi somkhankaso (ekamu zazingekho abesifazane), sodomy namanye amacala kungaba isinqumo senkantolo ukulahlekelwa amakhanda abo.

kumiswa

Zaporizhzhya Sich - yindawo lapho eziningi abayinakanga imfundo. Ezinganeni Cossack ezikoleni eziqhutshwa amasonto. Kube babefundiswe ukufunda nokubhala umculo, ukucula, nabanye. Enye inkomba ukuthuthukiswa yamasiko Sich kwaba isimo sengqondo senhlonipho ukuba izincwadi, okuyinto babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli ungowenani elikhulu. Ukuthenga kubo ayengakwenza kuphela Cossacks ocebile. Incwadi ibhekwa esinye sezipho engcono. Kukholakala ukuthi Umsuka wegama elithi "isiswebhu" - Slavic. Kuyinto esuselwe "wangiklwebha" - ukulwa, ukulwa ngezinkemba. Igama elithi "isiswebhu" ngokuba Cossacks Ukraine sasihlangene exhumene inqaba yabo ku esiqhingini Khortytsya nakwezinye izindawo. It usuphenduke into efanayo ekhaya.

Ama-Movie Cossacks

Zaporozhtsy wenziwa ulwandle nezwe izintaba izingongolo, abaseTurkey, Tatar Muscovite. IRussia Poland Sich kwaba isikhathi eside futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo counterweight elula ayisivimbi YaseCrimea AmaTatar nabaseTurkey. Nokho, Cossacks inkululeko abathanda zazivame ukulwa nabo. Ukuze abantukazana Ukrainian, okuyinto ohlushwayo ngaphansi kwejoka nabasePoland, le Sich baba uphawu umzabalazo wokulwa nabacindezeli.

Zaporozhtsy kwaholela zonke nokuvukela ongumlimi ngokumelene le gentry Polish. Kwakumelwe kwamasosha amandla ukushayela. The Army uya Cossacks ubuswa nalawo agibela amahhashi. At sea, bafika izikebhe ezincane - itiye okuthiwa. Ngamunye wabo behlaliswe amasosha 50-70. Kunokuphishekela umkhumbi wahamba ataman ne ifulege. Njalo Cossack ukuthi bebehlome ngezibhamu inkemba, ayenakho izibhamu ezimbili, eyenziwa amakhilogremu ayisithupha neziqhumane, nucleus ngoba ukhozi, wayephethe eNuremberg Quadrant orientation.

Ukumiswa kwe-Sich

Ngemva izimpi Russian-Turkish kwekhulu XVIII, lapho Cossacks futhi wathatha ingxenye ohlangothini Russia, u yayilokhu izidlela nje lezi eCrimea ogwini Black Sea sizuziwe. Usongo ngokushesha kusukela-Turks and AmaTatar embusweni wanyamalala. Esikhathini esifanayo kwakukhona umonakalo ukuvukela Pugachev, okuyinto bethukile kakhulu uCatherine II. Lost okukushoyo geopolitical Zaporizhzhya Sich nge abakhululekileyo nabayizigqila wakhe owawuqondene umbusi umthombo ezingaba ingozi. Lezi zizathu okwaholela ekucwileni yayo. Ngemva ukuthunjwa enqabeni Khortitsa iningi Cossacks ayesebuyele kuya Kuban noDon.