Tribe Maya: Izimfihlo ngempucuko yasendulo

On isiko, indlela yokuphila kanye nolwazi olubanzi ngokungavamile amahlebezi Mayan nama-legends. Ngakho-ke yini zikhanga kangaka ongaqondakali futhi ezingaqondakali ngempucuko yasendulo?

Namuhla, i-maya isizwe - lokhu ingenye nezizwe zamaNdiya ezazisele owawuhlala Ningizimu Melika (e Guatemala, eMexico, Honduras futhi Belize). Kodwa ukuqala bezungeza 2000 BC, wabizwa ngokuthi i ngempucuko yasendulo, lapho esezinzile Central America. Maya uthobele zonke nezizwana nabantu ababehlala khona ngaleso sikhathi.

Iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-12 eminyaka yokubuswa yathatha le impucuko. zom isiqongo, ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, ngonyaka 900 BC kakade, bese kuthi emva kwalokho kufika isikhathi eside ukwehla, izimbangela zazo azinakho yokwazi ngokuqinisekile.

Tribe Maya, omlando wakhe libaluleke kakhulu kuze kube yilolu suku ososayensi baye exhumene ukuphila kwabo ezulwini. AmaNdiya wencike ifa we Olmecs, impucuko ngaphambili, futhi baphumelele ngokokuqala emkhakheni yezinkanyezi, ngokubhala hieroglyphic nekhalenda izinhlelo abatelekile. Kulokhu, nokuphila kwalezi amadoda laliyisidala kakhulu.

Ngokusobala umsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu lezi AmaNdiya ayeyizisulu ukulima, ngoba ababevame amathuluzi elula nezinye izinsimbi. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, abalimi esihle - Mayan esusa ngokucophelela izindawo ezinkulu emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, they akha amadamu komhlaba ukuqoqa amanzi emvula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impucuko uyabandakanyeka zobumba, futhi ihlanganisa yezandla. Futhi sibonga izindlela elicwengekile edabula emaxhaphozini namaNdiya jungle ukusungula ukuhweba izixhumanisi nabanye, izizwe ezikude.

izizwe sidilizwa Mayan, njengoba izazi-mlando zithi, alazi yini isondo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, luhlala kuyiqiniso ephawulekayo futhi ofuna ukuphumela obala ukuthi nenkathi yokudlondlobala kwawo, lokhu impucuko uye wadala amathempeli, izigodlo, zokubuka, idolobha elihle, amathuna nezinye izikhumbuzo ezihlotshisiwe yezakhiwo. Futhi konke lokhu, ngasendleleni, lakhiwa ngaphandle kosizo noma iyiphi amathuluzi ensimbi.

Ngalezo zinsuku, lapho bamakoloni zwe elidala unyawo ogwini olusempumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, isizwe Mayan uye liye lehla kakhulu. abanqobi Yakwelinye Izwe iphathwa zonke esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo nezinto zobuciko adalwa lokhu ngempucuko yasendulo. Bamakoloni wabona kuzo kuphela ifa zobuqaba, okumele okwalapha siqothulwe. Kodwa ngisho Okusele ulwazi Mayan namasiko, futhi kuze kube namuhla ekujabulisayo umcabango ososayensi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amaMaya amaningi aqala ukulishiya leli dolobha nje eyakhelwe nabo emihlambini. Kuze kube manje, kunezinkolelo-mbono eziningi ngalokhu, kodwa isizathu sangempela akekho owaziyo. Futhi namhlanje usalokhu uyimfihlakalo emhlabeni usosayensi - ukuthi lokhu impucuko, sivelaphi futhi lapho nabameleli bayo baye baya ...

Enye yezimpumelelo zabo ezinkulu emangalisayo ikhalenda neyaziwayo, eyayisekelwe isayensi yezinkanyezi, ukunemba okuyinto uyaqhubeka uthakazelisa ochwepheshe lanamuhla.

Ngokuvamile isizwe Maya esetshenziswa imibono yabo kwezokuhlolwa kwezinkanyezi nesayensi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezihlukahlukene esiphuthumayo (isib, kwezolimo), kanye ukuchaza izimfihlakalo global ngaphezulu. Ngakho, abapristi ukubala ngokunembile kakhulu imijikelezo yokuphila Zomhlaba, okuyinto ziqinisekiswa ulwazi yesimanje. Izinkanyezi, ababhula ngezinkanyezi abenza, eqondiswa ikhalenda kwamaNdiya besizwe lasendulo, ayikatholakali kuze elahlekile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo. Kodwa kakhulu, mhlawumbe, isibikezelo esithandwayo ukuphela kwezwe, okumele, ngokuvumelana izibikezelo kanye izilinganiso besizwe Indian, beze 2012. Ukholwa noma ungakholwa - kuyindaba yangasese, kodwa, naphezu kwezinkinga elalibhekene inani elikhulu abagxeki, futhi kukhona ngezizathu yangempela ukukholelwa isiprofetho.