Jikelele Tyulenev: Biography nesithombe

Jikelele Tyulenev kuyinto sobudala ngezimpi ezine futhi umnikazi we-oda ukulwa kanye izindondo we ezifundeni ezine. Kusukela esemncane, u-Ivan Vladimirovich wanquma ukuchitha ukuphila kwakhe icala ongenabugovu futhi kusukela ngokuphindaphindiwe wabonisa isibindi ubuqhawe empini ngenxa wobaba yabo.

Jikelele Tyulenev baba sibonelo ngoba nabalingiswa abasemqoka amanoveli eziningana futhi tindzaba letimfisha. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, umsebenzi wakhe wabeka isibonelo ngayo esizukulwaneni esisha. Igama Tuleneva okuthiwa ezitaladini eziningana ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union.

Jikelele Tyulenev: Biography

Ivan Vladimirovich wazalelwa endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi i-Ulyanovsk esifundeni 1892. Uyise wayengumGreki isosha nempi yamazwe aseBalkan ngokuvukela uMbuso WaseTurkey. Leli dolobhana Shatrashany Ivan iyaya esikoleni sendawo. Kodwa-ke kukhona imicimbi ye-1905, lapho abathintekayo ukuphila umholi esizayo sina.

umbuso Autocratic uya kokuqina kophiko lwayo phezu yonke imikhakha yomphakathi. Abasebenzi bakhandlekele ezimweni okungabekezeleleki, futhi abalimi ukuthatha izwe. ezikhulayo isimo sokuvukela abantu. Everything sondela yokuthi abasebenzi Petersburg ithunyelwa Sasebusika ukucela nezilaleli nenkosi. Kodwa amasosha umhlangano ngesihluku ukuyiveza. Lezi izenzakalo eziholela ekubeni kwaba nesiteleka mass isigaba sabasebenzi kulo lonke leli zwe.

uyise edlubulundayo

Awujabuli umbuso, uyise ka-Ivan bajoyine amavukelambuso. Bekanye nezinye izihlubuki, ubeka umlilo esimweni kwenkosana wendawo. Lezi zenzakalo zizodingidwa ke ngokuphindaphindiwe kokukhumbula uphawu jikelele. umndeni ka-Ivan njalo ngokuthi sobulungiswa kanye nokukhululeka abantu babo. Kodwa ngemuva kokuhluleka nguyise kuvukela kwadingeka ukuba ngiyocasha ukuze babalekele ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu. Ivan ethunyelwe Astrakhan, lapho wahlela ukusebenza emasimini. He khiqiza izinhlanzi oLwandle iCaspian. Ukuhlukunyezwa ubaba wayesenze amaphutha wayibeka inzondo umbuso tsarist. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha yokuzikhandla umsebenzi onzima Ngokuzayo Tyulenev jikelele ukubuyiselwa esigodini sakubo bomdabu, lapho ngabuthelwa ebuthweni.

Qala yesevisi

Esebiziwe Ivan Vladimirovich ethunyelwe Kazan, lapho afike wakhonza khona ngendlela ibutho dragoon. Ngemva ukuqeqeshwa iDemo wathunyelwa ngaphambili. IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Le mpi lokuqala balindelwe le nsizwa ensimini ka uMbuso Poland. Emfuleni Pilica iyunithi wakhe engena balwe kanzima nge amabutho Austria. Ngemva kwalokho, uma bengathunywa ngu Krakow, lapho nabo babeba ukuzivikela.

I ibambene ngezihluthu izimpi World axhumene ne eziningi nobunzima. Ngenxa kwezimboni abampofu Empire Russian it is hhayi Logistics ukusebenza. Amabutho wathutha kancane, izinqolobane musa ufike ngesikhathi. Ukungabi njalo kokudla ngisho nezinhlamvu ukuze wezikhali. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, Ngokuzayo Tyulenev jikelele balwa ngesibindi futhi ngokuphuthumayo. Phakathi lokulwa, waba knight egcwele St George sika Cross.

Impi Poland

Division Tuleneva wenza msebenzi kwakwakhiwa e Panevezys. Enkundleni yempi, amasosha alethwe amazinga, futhi uxoxe nabo, bahamba okuhlaselayo, wamshaya isitha ngoba amakhilomitha ambalwa. Eceleni ehlobo Cavalry Division ayelwa egibele osebeni Bzura, okwakukhona kulo izimpi ezinzima kakhulu njengoba sihlanganisa lonke izwe phambili. Ukuze amakhono abo Tuleneva ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi - waba Ensign, yena ukuphathisa Leli qembu.

demobilization

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya Ivan Vladimirovich ubona indlala, ubumpofu, nokucindezela umbuso tsarist. Amashumi ezinkulungwane afela e ongaziwa impi buthule ukala kakhulu umphakathi. Ucala October Revolution. Njengoyise yakhe, izimvu zamanzi bajoyine amavukelambuso.

AmaBolshevik babephathwa kahle ababuya empini. Phela, nabo basuke Babelwela eyigugu, kodwa futhi ithuluzi kuhle nokumela yomphakathi hhayi kuphela. Ivan elwa eMpumalanga ngokumelene Abamhlophe e Red Guard. Ngokushesha induna Leli qembu, wazehlukanisa zempi isibindi hhayi kuphela siqu, kodwa futhi ukuhlela okunekhono.

Ngo-1918, amaBolshevik abangu ukuguqula division yabo, ukudala iRed Army. Ivan Vladimirovich ethunyelwe eMoscow Izifundo zokuvuselela. Ngemva kwalokho bathathe izikhundla abasebenzi nemiklamo ehlukahlukene yezempi. Ngokuyisisekelo siqukethe emnyangweni biko. Uyaqhubeka iyahola empini on ensimini zoMbuso yangaphambili Poland. Ngemva kokubuyela e-uqhubeke ukuqeqeshwa, wayala i ibutho elihamba phansi.

Umbelesele inqaba amavukelambuso

Ngalesi sikhathi, injabulo iqala Kronstadt. Izingxenye ngazinye nabasebenza emikhunjini kanye nezakhamuzi zedolobha ashaqe inqaba. Ngalesi sikhathi izwe ezisencane amaSoviet ayedabula nezikhathi ezinzima. Ukulamba post-yimpi, incithakalo ukuvinjelwa kwezomnotho we West igalelo uqine kakhulu ukuba isimo salo amasosha futhi abasebenzi. Ngenxa yalokho, ezinye zazo bavukela iCommunist Party of eSoviet Union. Etholakala eduze yesehlakalo, Jikelele Tyulenev Ivan ezibucayi amavukelambuso. Uhlu izimfuno zabo kuhlanganisiwe ukubuyiselwa ukuhweba ukukhiqizwa wezandla.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kuhlulekile izingxoxo amabutho ahlasela inqaba. Ngokwemibiko ethile, okuwuphiko lwe-internet Ivana Tyuleneva kwenzeka ngomhla ka-ice. Kodwa izazimlando eziningi zanamuhla cabangela lokhu kwezobuciko lwaluthintwa izimbongi lamaKhomanisi. Ngemva ukucindezelwa yokuhlubuka Tuleneva ukuphathisa abakhwele amahhashi division entsha.

umkhankaso Polish

Ngemva kwavukelwa Ivan Tyulenev siyaqhubeka abanezikhundla ahlukahlukene kuleli kuyakhiwa Workers futhi Abalimi 'iRed Army. Ngo-1939, ubuholi Soviet enquma ukuba luthathe esempumalanga Poland - indawo yesimanje ye naseNtshonalanga ye-Ukraine futhi Belarus. Septhemba izinduna nesikhombisa wakhipha incwadi imfihlo, equkethe oda isimo umngcele ukuwela.

Entathakusa, iRed Army imele lonke futhi ngokushesha ehamba phezu indawo Polish. Ibutho Polish Asingeni ekulweni ne iRed Army, bendawo futhi akanayo ukumelana. Nokho, ukusebenza kwakunzima ngempela, ngoba Tuleneva Nambili Army kwadingeka ukushayela amahora ambalwa kude isikhundla Wehrmacht.

Ngemva umkhankaso ophumelele Polish Ivan Tyulenev uqhubekela phezulu ezitebhisini sabaphathi lempi. Ngo-1940, kanye Zhukov futhi Meretskov ukwamukelwa siqu Stalin yena uthola futhi uphawu jikelele. Ezemfundo esasizithole eMihlanganweni Military Academy of iRed Army (1922), kuvumela ukuba uyale District Military. Kulesi sikhundla, sihlangana kuqale impi entsha emhlabeni.

IMpi Enkulu Patriotic

Ngo-June 1941, edala Front Wik we amasosha aseSoviet. Simelele uMphathi izinga uphatha Tyulenev Jikelele Ivan. On the yangaphandle ifinyelela ukufohla asiphathele ukwahlukana isiJalimane Rumanian. Against amathathu namashumi ayisithupha ayizinkulungwane impi yamaNazi umshini kuyo abantu abayisithupha namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye amawaka, ezingaba yinkulungwane izindiza.

amabutho aseSoviet wakwazi elwa esindayo esitheni, kodwa njalo emuva waya empumalanga. ekuqaleni I iRed Army kwadingeka bokuphakama emoyeni, kodwa zezindiza amaNazi kusukela ezinsukwini zakuqala waqala ibhomu airfields, izindiza eziningi babhujiswa ngqo hangars. Labo eyayisele behluleka combat ohambweni ngenxa zezindiza lilimele. Ukubona lesi simo esinzima, izimvu zamanzi unikeza ukuze ahoxise ngaphesheya komfula Dniester. Stalin akazange asijabulele lesi jikelele, lokhu kubonakala ezincwadini zakhe, akhishwa ngemva kokufa umholi sika.

Naphezu ukulahlekelwa omkhulu kanye nesimo esinzima, Tuleneva ephethwe sihlale sizinzile futhi kuvimbele stampeding amabutho ezenzeka ensimini ka Belarus aseBaltic.

ukubaleka

Kancane kancane emuva amabutho aseSoviet walahlekelwa indawo. Umugqa olandelayo ukuzivikela - ebaluleke kakhulu emfuleni Dnepr. Ngo edolobheni laseDnepropetrovsk ihlelwe endaweni enezivikelo eziqinile. Gen. Tyulenev kuthatha ukuzivikela lapha. Ngashaqeka leqembu German elaliholwa von Kleist - wayeyisazi ukufohla.

Kodwa ngaphansi Dneprodzerzhinsk ke kwadala umonakalo sina. Omunye izigaba wathatha ukuzivikela umkhumbi futhi empeleni bayengelwa Wehrmacht ithangi amagejambazo ogibeni. Lapho amaNazi wangena okuthiwa umlilo-isikhwama, igqamuka ukwaziswa mayelana ekuqaleni amabhomu. Kule ndawo, amaJalimane baye balahlekelwa omkhulu. Nokho, ukuba khona izinqolobane wabavumela ukuziba isibalo izisulu. Kakade ekupheleni ehlobo amabutho aseSoviet kwesokunxele laseDnepropetrovsk ukukhulula edolobheni eminyakeni emibili kamuva. Phakathi ngezihluthu, Jikelele Tyulenev Ivan Vladimirovich walimala kakhulu. Wathunyelwa eMoscow ukuze bayothola ukwelashwa.

inqolobane ibutho

Ngemva ukwelashwa Tyulenev wengamela ukudalwa ibutho Reserve. Ngemva lasungulwa, yena wajoyina impi esebenza. Ebusika 1942, u-Ivan Vladimirovich ethunyelwe Tbilisi, lapho itholakala yindlunkulu Transcaucasian Front. Ngokushesha uqala wokuguqula indlunkulu. Amasosha aphelelwe yisikhathi futhi akazange nezinjongo zamasu. Ukwakha phambi ukuzivikela, izimvu zamanzi bayiqaphelile kungenzeka intuthuko phezu ingxenye Turkey. Intuthuko elisungulwe slozhnodostupnoy ngesimo sendawo enezintaba. Ebusika, maqembu kwakunamadoda amaningi avaliwe, kepha ukuhlasela kulindeleke by ehlobo, lapho ngicashela intelligence kusukela emizileni emoyeni amaNazi ayengakwazi ukuphula ngokusebenzisa yokhalo.

Ngakho-ke, ngo-ebabayo kweqhwa abandayo futhi elisindayo iRed Army esakhiwe ububanzi sokudubula. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi cishe njalo isiqondiso okungenzeka umthelela. Kamuva, kuhlaselwa amaNazi izoqinisekisa indawo emigqeni ukuzivikela we Transcaucasian Front.

Battle of eCaucasus

Ehlobo lika-1942, amaJalimane lasungula okuhlukumezayo eCaucasus. Lokhu kuthambekela kuye kwaba okubalulekile kakhulu Hitler, ngoba efuna kuphathe yena wasithatha Baku uwoyela imithombo ngabe ugqugquzela impi yakhe umshini, ethwele ukufa. Ngokusho icebo lakhe, amabutho aseJalimane kwakufanele kuthuthukiswe ngesikhathi esisodwa kwaseStalingrad ne eCaucasus.

Julayi amabili nanhlanu Army Iqembu "South" kwaqala okuhlaselayo ku Kuban. amabutho aseSoviet bahlulwa futhi waqala baleka empumalanga. Ngokushesha liqhubekela phambili, amaJalimane kungayiphula phambili azungeze iRed Army, ngakho umyalo wokuba ashona yonkana Don. Ngo-August Tyulenev odlulela amasosha ezikhundleni zabo ukuzivikela ngesikhathi Terek. Igalelo main senzeka ngo Novorossiysk. Lo muzi ethumba cishe ngokuphelele.

counterblow

Ngenxa yalokho we counteroffensive yimpumelelo Soviet kuphumelele bahambe ukunqotshwa esindayo phezu Romanian Army, izisebenzi zazo labhujiswa cishe ngokuphelele. Ekuqaleni kuka-September 1942, amaNazi ewela i-Terek futhi uhamba phezu Mozdok.

amabutho aseSoviet matasa ukuzivikela anenkani, kodwa baxoshwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Transcaucasia kwanqunywa ku isiphetho main nakangaka yokhalo. Ukuzivikela kwakhe ibahlomisé uphawu jikelele. Izifinyezo kusukela emoyeni uvumelekile ukuba abe ukuliqonda eningiliziwe zonke izindawo okungenzeka ukufohla kwesitha. Ngo kwezifunda zezintaba eziqhelelene encane okuhleliwe kokudubula izikhundla futhi bawashaya indiva emizileni okwakusobala. Endabeni ukuzivikela iwe nemicimbi ekhethekile abangu alungele wokugoqa yamadwala ukubambezela kusengaphambili yamaNazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke wadlala impi olunegazi ngenxa kwaseStalingrad.

Ekwindla ka-1942 wathatha beka izimpi zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho eCaucasus. Naphezu kwesibalo omkhulu yezigaba German kulesi siqondiso, ngaphambili Tuleneva wabekezela. Ebusika 1943 Yaqala ecasula iRed Army. Yakhululwa Novorossiisk futhi Krasnodar, aphethwe operation ezehlukile kokwehla kuphela ukwakha isizinda kuleli ezingemuva isitha. Ngemva yokukhululwa eCaucasus kanye Kuban Jikelele Tyulenev eSoviet Union wahlanganyela kule ukuzivikela enkulu yomngcele oseningizimu yezwe.

Life after impi

Ngemva kwempi, u-Ivan Vladimirovich labetibambile zokuphatha kwezifunda eziningana lempi. A ukuhlolwa ikhomishana jikelele, okuyinto engena Tyulenev jikelele yasungulwa ngo-1947. Ezemfundo kanye zathola okuhlangenwe nakho phakathi nempi wamvumela ukuba bahlanganyele ekwenzeni ngcono izinhlelo zamasu iRed Army. Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev wafa ngo-1978 eMoscow. Ngo Ulyanovsk esifundeni avenue ngegama lakhe, ngoba kulapho lapho kutholakala khona Jikelele Tyulenev ozalwa.