Umlando yaseKyrgyzstan - kungakhathaliseki indlela endala ukubuya?

EnguMbusi Kyrgyzstan - izwe eliseningizimu- Asia Ephakathi. Belarus iyizwe sezintaba, 90% okuyinto elisoGwini ridge ka Tien Shani futhi Pamir-Alai. Umncele izwe ngokwendawo nge Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan neChina. Naphezu ikhono elikhulu ukulima kwemikhiqizo yezolimo kanye nokuthuthukiswa nemfuyo, i-republic ezwe elaliyiSoviet ayiyinhle kwezomnotho. Lokhu eziyimbangela kusiza ukuqonda umlando Kyrgyzstan, evela ku BC V leminyaka.

I V - III ekhulwini BC. e Kyrgyzstan wahlala zakwa-abazingeli, abalimi kanye abayimizulane, babodvwana. Izitekhi wokuhlala ziye eziye zatholwa abavubukuli kule ndawo eduze ukuze lweChibi i-Issyk-Kul, ku Ferghana esigodini, emadolobheni asemaphethelweni Bishkek futhi Naryn, futhi esigodini emfuleni Sary-Jaz. Kusukela ayizinkulungwane II BC. ziqala ukuvela inhlangano yokuqala, ngalokwanele okusikhumbuza isimo.

Zeminyaka emibili, naphezu nobunzima yokweqa izintaba zenzeka yokufuduka ezihlukahlukene, ukuze labantu lukhula. Ku-V II. BC endaweni incotjwa Western Turkic Khanate, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukuba nibe ngabakaJesu Karluk Kaganates. Nokho, emashumini eminyaka 9-10. isimo uyashintsha - esiteji yomlando uya Kyrgyz Khanate. Khanate matasa indawo enkulukazi esehlanganise ingxenye Turkestan, sifinyelela engenhla River Irtysh, ingxenye Western eSiberia. izizwe Agricultural baqale ukudayisa, asigcini nje ngokulalela okushiwoyo abayimizulane, kodwa futhi nge abathwala, uhamba Omkhulu Silk Road. Lesi simo saqhubeka kwaze kwaba uGenghis Khan e 1218. China akazange ukunqoba, bese wahamba namabutho akhe-Asia Ephakathi. mashi zikaGenghis Khan kwaphawulwa ukubhujiswa nokubhujiswa yonke imizi, ihlangabezane kuye endleleni.

Kusukela le-13 kuya ekhulwini le-19 emlandweni we Kyrgyzstan has a lot of izingxenye insimu yalo phakathi abanqobi ahlukahlukene. Ekhulwini le-19, Kyrgyzstan ukuthi lathathwa umbuso uMbuso Russian. Cishe ngokuphazima kweso kwakukhona ukuvukela awujabuli Ukuhlanganiswa Kyrgyz ephethwe Puluthanom. Nokho, ukuvukela ngesihluku ukuyiveza. Kusukela ngawo-1850, ababaleki ezivela ezifundazweni ezahlukene ingxenye YaseYurophu ERussia kukhona ngemuva ibutho futhi athatha evundile kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba ukuvukela, labantu yehlile, kodwa cishe inciphise inani imfuyo, umthombo enkulu Kyrgyz ukuphila, ikakhulukazi izizwe ayimizulane.

Ngemva inguquko ka-1917, nakuba kwakunabamemezeli nezitha amandla Soviet, umlando Kyrgyzstan wathola emzuliswaneni omusha yentuthuko. Sekube imizamo ukukhulisa ukuvukela, kodwa Kyrgyzstan iye busuka Turkestan. Basmachi bazama ukumelana nemithi ahlomile, kodwa wagcina ngobugebengu ngo-1920. emisha eminingi futhi zilekelele kwamandla Soviet endleleni yokuphila evamile useshintshe impilo Kyrgyz - yethulwa amalungelo alinganayo kwabesifazane labesilisa kungavunyelwe isithembu, wavimbela intengo umakoti, nokuningi.

Uhulumeni waseSoviet akukaze ingeyamakhosi ezindaweni yanqoba kahle. Nakuba sibonga eSoviet Union, Kyrgyzstan wathola isimo republic egcwele ngempela namaSoviet futhi iqala ukukhula asebenzayo we umkhakha, usendaweni isikhundla isihlobo abampofu. EKyrgyzstan, iqala ukukhiqizwa amalahle, antimony ovulekile futhi ukukhiqizwa mercury futhi ngo-1929 waqala ukudalwa amapulazi collective. Nakuba ngo-1941 ukuthi lwenziwe imfuyo amapulazi collective mayelana 300,000, lokhu luzuzwe izindleko umkhankaso wokubopha kusondele zonke angafuni bahlanganyele collective ukunikeza imfuyo yabo evamile.

Umlando Kyrgyzstan phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet buboniswa ngokuba repressions kaStalin. Ikakhulukazi eziningi kubo babe ku-30s. It kwaphawulwa ukuboshwa, abalekele kwamanye amazwe futhi kusondele abadala, abapristi nje bonke ukukhononda indlela entsha yokuphila.

Eminyakeni engu-80 saqala ukusungula ubudlelwano ne-Kyrgyz abahlala ngaphandle republic.

Ngemva lokuketula uhulumeni eMoscow Kyrgyz Republic imemezele ukuzimela kwayo futhi waziwa ngokuthi Kyrgyzstan eNgophezukonke. Ngemva ukuzimela, republic wayebhekene nokuntengantenga komnotho omkhulu. Lokhu kwabangela ukuthuthela ezindaweni ophumelelako. Izwe usethule ukuxabana kazwelonke, bale midlalo owabangelwa isizwe nokufinyelela ekulweni. Lokhu kuphela zagxila abasebenzi sokuhamba ucishe onekhono abavela emaphandleni. Phakathi izimo ezintsha zomnotho Kyrgyzstan ayikwazanga ukuzivumelanisa kuze kube manje, futhi lakudala yokulima nasendleleni yabo yokuphila ezibhujisiwe.

Indaba akugcini Kyrgyzstan. Naphezu ukuxabana kazwelonke ngaphakathi ezweni nobumpofu kwezomnotho, baqale abonisa isithakazelo emazweni eziphambili. ukuthi kukusiza sikhule ngendlela embi yangaphambili yaqala ukuchuma kwezomnotho, kuyoba sobala kuphela esikhathini esizayo.