Minerals Altay endaweni: igama, isithombe

Minerals ye-Altai Territory zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Lokhu kuchazwe ngumuntu isikhundla evumayo womhlaba. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo lapha kukhishwe zonke izinhlobo imikhando, amagugu, ukwakhiwa kanye zokuhlobisa. Awu esifundeni amumethe ezifakwa limestone nesihlabathi. spa ezidumile lamanzi esiphethu ogeleza ekujuleni komhlaba Altai. Cabangela lokho amaminerali misela ku-Altai esifundeni, izibonelo kwesicelo sabo.

ilungiselelo izici: Altay

Umngcele Kazakhstan ku South-Western eSiberia elise kule ndawo enhle kokuvamile - Altai. Kule ndawo sezwe Akumangalisi ahlukahlukene: plain esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni usuthathelwa le-Altai Mountains. Ngenxa yalezi zici impumuzo futhi le ndawo igcwele amaminerali.

Noma kunjalo, iningi Altai Territory - ithafa, kancane kancane liphuma. it is Umncele Kolunye uhlangothi Altai Izintaba, futhi ngakolunye - Salair Ridge. Kulula ukudida namagquma evamile, kodwa akunjalo: ugema kuyinto ezintabeni ongaphakeme ngilulekela amakhilomitha angamakhulu amathathu.

Altai Territory ihlukile yokuthi ubude bayo siphela esishintshashintshayo inezinto zemvelo eziningi kangaka: ehlathini futhi entabeni-asemaqeleni kanye asemaqeleni.

Ngokuqondene imithombo yamanzi, kukhona yimifula eminingana emikhulu. Futhi enkulu babo, the OB, ithatha amaphesenti angu-70 kulo lonke izwe. endaweni Rich namachibi: kukhona izinkulungwane 11 yalabo abanhliziyo endaweni ezingaphezu kuka 1 ikhilomitha kuphela.

Izindlela ukukhiqizwa

amaminerali misela Altai Territory (isithombe ukwethula kuzo isihloko) ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko.

Okokuqala, lo okuthiwa evulekile. Kulokhu, ngqo idiphozi zone inkwali ukwakha namaminerali amamitha kungekho kuka-500 ezijulile futhi egxilile kwenziwe ngaso noma asebenzise imishini ethize.

Okwesibili, oluthi uqonde. Le ndlela muhle uma imali bahlezi ukujula okwanele. Esimweni esinjalo, emadwaleni ezijulile donsa okuthiwa kushaft-like umgodi giant, bese ukwakha kungqalasizinda.

Enye indlela, ezintsha, usebenzisa jet umfutho ophakeme. It is fed emthonjeni elenziwe edwaleni wezinsalela zamandulo ubulala wakhe. Okulandelayo, phakamisa izingcezu rock phezulu. By the way, lena indlela ayizwakali kakhulu, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siphothulwe.

ironstone

Izinsalela edume kunayo Altai Territory, yebo, Ore. Sekukonke kukhona amasimu ezinkulu 16. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi zitholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga, babe ingqalasizinda kakhulu evuthiwe. Ngokusho izibalo abo bonke ababesesinagogeni emathunjini we-Altai futhi 70 490 amathani nsimbi futhi multimineral ngokulandelana.

Nsimbi limbiwa Kulunda asemaqeleni. Isetshenziselwa ogxile embonini steel. Ngaphezu kwalokho ngokuphakeme ezimbonini ekhiqizwa izinhlobo zayo ezintathu: The ahlukaniswe (ie crumbly), Sinter itshe elinensimbi (ngesimo izigaxa) kanye zithutha (uketshezi mass equkethe yensimbi).

Kukhona into okuthiwa grade okusezingeni eliphezulu nsimbi - ingenye lapho abangaphezu kuka-57% yensimbi okuqukethwe. Kuyinto ngoba smelted yensimbi bese steel. Uma okuqukethwe yensimbi emkhandweni wensimbi uphansi, it is ingenza izindlela ezimbonini. Kodwa i-ore esetshenziswa hhayi kuphela le njongo, njengoba engena ocher - udayi olukhethekile odabuka yemvelo.

ithusi-ore

Imephu enomkhiqizo wokumbiwa phansi we-Altai Territory kuyinto imikhando ocebile nethusi.

Imali zitholakala ikakhulu entshonalanga yabo Silairskogo yokhalo. Lezi imikhando misela lapha kusukela ngekhulu XVI, lapho 1719 wathola emkhakheni basungula ngaphansi Demidova A. N. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye namafemu lokuqala kulezi zindawo. Kodwa omunye iminyaka eyinkulungwane 2.5 edlule, abantu basendulo misela zethusi lapha.

Yini liyithusi ore? Lena ikakhulukazi okumbiwa phansi Ukwakheka, lapho okuqukethwe zethusi ingxenye kwenza kube nokwenzeka uyiphatha phakathi kwenqubo ezimbonini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okungenani 0.5% yethusi lokuhlushwa edwaleni. Ezimweni eziningi ore ezinjalo luyinhlanganisela yethusi ne-nickel.

Kuye kwandzisa zethusi ore zihlukaniswa: chalcocite, bornite, chalcopyrite. Imikhando ahlelwe kusuka kwezinkulu kwehle kokuqukethwe metal ewusizo.

Ithusi kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Sekuyisikhathi eside abantu baqaphela ikhono lakhe babe ukushisa ukumelana okuhle, ukumelana ukugqwala, futhi omuhle kakhulu conductivity kagesi. Enye inzuzo sobala - Copper liyancibilika at okushisa iphansana. Konke lokhu kungenzeka ukusebenzisa metal asebenzayo ezindaweni eziningi kusukela umkhakha Metallurgical nendlu kokuqeda izidingo (isib yaziswa kakhulu zethusi ipayipi).

bauxites

Bauxite (aluminium ore) luvamile. Lezi namaminerali futhi misela le-Altai Territory e Salair izindawo. Kulokhu yokuyigqula akubangi nobunzima, ngoba imikhando idatha basondelene kakhulu ebusweni.

Ekucubungululeni zezimboni kuphela labo bauxite, aluminium lapho mkhulu kunezinhliziyo angu-40. Sokuncibilikisa ensimbini eyigugu - imbangela eyinhloko izimayini bauxite, kodwa futhi bajwayele womshini opende, futhi abe-ayina steel umkhakha isebenzisa bauxite ukudala uketshezi ekhethekile, fluxes, kususa namachibi ku izinsimbi.

Sand namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe

Iklelisa amaminerali we-Altai Territory, akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa rocks ezinjalo, isihlabathi namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe. Lezi amasheya awapheli ngempela kule ndawo.

Sand indawo ocebile lapho ageleze Biya futhi Katun. izitini silicate (uma isihlabathi yakhiwa asebenza ngebhethri) ikhiqizwa kulokhu kwaziswa. Uma Idwala liyisisekelo asebenza ngebhethri ngokuphelele - ingilazi.

Kepha-limestone, futhi kunenkolelo eyaziwayo esetshenziswa ekwakheni, Okugweda eziningi futhi badale imisebenzi yabo zalolu hlobo. I-ejenti esikhethekile azidlulisele viscosity - quicklime - nazo ekhiqizwa kulendlela. Lime isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni aphathekako ukwakhiwa komgwaqo.

amatshe

Minerals Altai Territory - liphinde itshe. Futhi njengoba ukwakhiwa, ezifana Gypsum (Lake Jira) kanye Altai zemabula. Khiphela ke imibala eziningana: ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana eziningi shades kusuka elimhlophe segolide. Mayelana nejaspi ezimthende misela lapha, bonke eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Ubukhulu imali egwadle nazo umxhwele. Leli tshe lwaziswa ngoba inqaba yalo, unjalo ukwenza imihlobiso, kanye nanoma yikuphi izakhiwo ezidinga amandla aphezulu.

Quartzite kusukela Altai ndawo babekhuthele futhi njalo ngentengo: banayo abe luhlaza ekhethekile Pinkish, okuyiwona emfanele ukuthandwa.

Igama izidubedube we-Altai Territory angafakwa ohlwini isikhathi eside. Yiqiniso, lapho singanikezwanga etafuleni wonke gqwa, kodwa idiphozi kakhulu, umxhwele kakhulu.