Kanjani ukwakha imibhoshongo

Kwazi bani ukuthi ukwakha amaphiramidi? Sokuzakhela mbhoshongo, efana, umGibhithe, namuhla kuyinkinga kakhulu. Lokhu kuzodinga ukusungulwa imishini ekhethekile. Endulo futhi ukusetshenziselwa lokhu cishe kuphela abantu bezikhwepha zabo kwemisipha. Ukwakhiwa esiningi namandla sabantu ezweni lonke. Nokho, ngaphezu kwalokho, qaphela ukuthi isiko waseGibhithe uye ngakho zasungula ukwakhiwa amaphiramidi isetshenziswe kuphela amandla, kodwa futhi ingqondo. Kwenye indlela ukudala lokho thina manje bizelani kimi iyisimangaliso emhlabeni, ngeke kwenzeke.

emathuneni itshe ngabaphilayo ezweni oFaro, onkulunkulu - EGibhithe lasendulo ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ukuba kube nendumezulu ambalwa ngobukhulu nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe ezakhiwa.

Umbuzo ka-indlela yokwakha imibhoshongo, namanje kubangela lwendaba. I enkulu babo lafinyelela ukuphakama 146 amamitha. Lokhu mbhoshongo ka Cheops. Ukuze isakhiwo sayo wathatha cishe ezimbili kanye Monolithic amabhlogo itshe eziyisigidi nesigamu, ngamunye ngesisindo elilingana amathani amabili nesigamu. Phezu monoliths itshe mbhoshongo wayebhekene slabs ophucuziwe kukhanye.

Ubudala mbhoshongo ezingaphezu kuka emine nengxenye iminyaka eyinkulungwane. UHerodotus sabhala ukuthi umsebenzi wokwakha yayo eyathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, ngesikhathi lapho ekwakhiweni ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu abantu wathatha ingxenye ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ayikho idatha sendlela abaseGibhithe eyakhelwe nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe, asizange sisinde. Ngokusobala, la marekhodi musa olwenziwa. Nokho, imfihlakalo kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe njengoba ukunakekelwa ababephila ngesikhathi sethu, ukuthi imizamo ukuzixazulula abayeki kuze kube manje. Kukhona zonke izinguqulo ezintsha futhi esisha.

Ososayensi futhi abacwaningi baye imicabango eziningana mayelana nendlela imibhoshongo yayakhiwa. Ngokusho inguqulo evamile, amabhlogo zamatshe ephakanyiswe phezulu imibhoshongo zidonswa enalokho kuthambekela ramps isihlabathi ayizwayo kuphakeme oyifunayo njengoba ukwakhiwa.

Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi izindunduma zazenziwa kuphela ngakolunye uhlangothi lwale isakhiwo, lemali esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa isihlabathi kwadingeka ukuba 10 million cubic metres. Umgwaqo phezu yashayisa unqenqema kwaqinisa decking amabhodi kuya ezinguzungeni ezinkulu ishayise isihlabathi. Njalo-ke kwakudingekile ukuba uthele esihlabathini entsha ukuphakama, emphemeni udubule shift futhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva ngamunye imvula isichotho senhlabathi indunduma kwadingeka lokulungisa ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.

Ukwakhiwa edingekayo abantu imizamo okukhulu ezaholela Ukuwohloka okusheshayo amabutho azo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abasebenze amaphiramidi zithathelwe indawo ezinye njalo.

Elinye iqembu labacwaningi ukholelwa lo mbono ayilungile. Ngokombono wabo, umbuzo kanjani ukwakha imibhoshongo ecijile yaseGibithe, impendulo Namanje hhayi ngokunembile ezaziwayo. Lezi abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi abahlaseli baseGibhithe lasendulo ngokuvumelana nolwazi lwabo lwezinkanyezi nezibalo, isayensi yezinkanyezi neminye imikhakha yesayensi kanye yemvelo futhi wayazi indlela okunengqondo ngaphezulu nokuphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo ezingeni ukuphakama enkulu.

Amabhulokhi kuyanda kungenzeka kwenziwe kanyekanye kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ukuze wenze lokhu ohlangothini ukukhwezwa Uhlaka ngalunye esenziwe ngokhuni besokunxele. Phakathi uprights ozimele setha ne izingodo obukhulu ayisa imikhawulo izinduku wethusi afakwa struts izimbobo uzimele. Ngaphansi underlay izinduku zethusi ipuleti ongaphambili omise ukuma. Stone amabhlogo bahudulelwa lwamakholi umgwaqo usebenzisa asizakale. Wawube ubekwe isihlibhi lokhuni exhunywe intambo imicu enamandla. Abasebenzi udonse emaphethelweni isihlibhi esesibekiwe ingxenye mbhoshongo.

Ukudlulisa maphakathi gravity phezu konqenqema mbhoshongo, block ne isihlibhi yayimi endaweni evundlile. Ezintanjeni kungaba uyikhiphe kusukela sledge nokukhululwa kwabo ngoba amayunithi ezintsha. Ukuze pick up one block, kwakudinga abangaba ngu-60, okuyingxenye eyodwa e nsuku zonke kuphela kwadingeka ukuba ekhuphukela phezulu mbhoshongo. Umsebenzi onzima wokukhulisa isihlibhi emabhuloki, ngaleyo ndlela alternated nge umsebenzi lula ka sledge ekwehleni ezingenalutho, okuyinto ivumela abantu ukuba ngiqhubeke ngisebenza eside. Lapho ukwakha uhlaka nje kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe ihlelwe kabusha ngaphandle ukususwa ephelele isakhiwo isakhiwo. Le nguqulo indlela imibhoshongo yayakhiwa, kubonakala kunengqondo ngaphezulu. Nokho, lokhu kuphela umbono ocatshangelwayo. Njengoba empeleni yaziwa nguwe kuphela labo ababambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni, noma babe ngofakazi bakhe.