Isigodlo sasePistainebleau (eFrance). I-Fontainebleau Palace: umlando, incazelo

I-France ihlanganisa ngokuyisimangaliso ukungathí sina nokuthandana. Kuqinisekile ukuthi uzokujabulisa kokubili umthandi wezikhathi zakudala, nomhambi, owazi ubuhle nobukhulu bezakhiwo zaseFrance, kanye nomvakashi ovamile.

I-charm ekhethekile ifihla izindlu ezidumile zaseFrance (Fontainebleau, Louvre, Versailles). Izivakashi eziningi zokuhlala zasebukhosini zizinaki, zigxile eParis kuphela. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amakhilomitha angu-60 kuphela ukusuka enhloko-dolobha yaseFrance yindlu enhle nepaki laseFistainebleau.

Indawo:

Indawo yokuhlala edumile yamakhosi aseFrance itholakala enkabeni yesifundazwe sase-Ile-de-France, emnyangweni weSeine noMarne, cishe amakhilomitha angu-60 ukusuka enhloko-dolobha yezwe. Esiseduze yidolobha laseFoutainebleau, ngenxa yokubonakala kwalo. Ungafika endlini yobukhosi eParis ngemoto noma ngesitimela.

I-Fontainebleau Palace eFrance: umlando, incazelo, ezikhangayo

Ngokokuqala ngqa indawo yokuhlala yesikhathi esizayo yamakhosi aseFrance ngekhulu le-12 kukhonjisiwe. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyindawo yokuhlala yokuzingela izwe. Amahlathi aseFistainebleau, abacebile emdlalweni, kusukela esikhathini esidlule kwakuyizizathu zokuzingela ababusi bezwe. Khona-ke indlu yakhula ibe yayizikhulu yefa, futhi kungekudala inqaba encane yafakwa endaweni yayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwesigodlo ngesimo sawo samanje kwaqala ngaphansi kukaFrancis I Valois, owathi wanquma ukwakha endaweni yokuqothulwa indawo enqotshwa yindawo yokuhlala ehloselwe ukuzijabulisa kuphela. Inkosi yayikhangwa kakhulu ngethuba lokuzingela emahlathini amahlathi aseFistainebleau nasezindaweni ezikuyo.

Ngegama likaFrancis I I -Renaissance eFrance lixhumeke kakhulu. Lapho ehamba e-Italy, wazi kahle imisebenzi yabaphathi base-Italy futhi wayebathandwa yibo. Kunalokho, ethathwe yi-Renaissance, wabiza eFrance abaculi abaningi abadumile, abadwebi kanye nososayensi. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona uLeonardo da Vinci. Ngibonga uFrancis I ukuzingela emandulo kwaphenduka isigodlo esinobuhle nokupaka ipaki.

Umnyango wangaphambili wesigodlo sasePistainebleau wenziwe ngendlela engavamile - iholide yamahhashi. Kulezi zitebhisi eziyinkimbinkimbi, indawo yokuhlala yasebukhosini ingahlukaniswa kalula nakwezinye izindlu zabaphathi baseFrance.

Ingaphakathi lasePistainebleau liyamangalisa. Izindwangu zokunethezeka zihlotshiswe ngama-frescoes ezindongeni nasemidwebo ngamakhosi ahloniphekile okudweba kulezi zifakwe. I-gallery enkulu kaDiana, i-plailing yayo ehlotshiswe ngezigcawu ezivela emlandweni ozinikezelwe kunkulunkulukazi wokuzingela. Manje kukhona umtapo lapha.

I-salon yesigodlo sasePistainebleau ihlotshiswe ngamathepistri amahle kakhulu.

I-Trinity Chapel yinye isakhiwo esihle kakhulu, ingxenye yendawo yokuhlala yasebukhosini. Umhlobiso wendonga wawuhlala nguMartin Frémine. Kuye zombili izinhlangothi ze-altare yizithombe zezingcwele - abanikazi bamakhosi aseFrance. Isonto lakhiwa ngekhulu le-16.

Umlando wokwakhiwa

Isigodlo saseFistainebleau (esifundeni saseFrance, esifundeni sase-Ile-de-France) sakhiwa ngaphansi kobuholi bezakhiwo zobuchwepheshe base-Italy, phakathi kwabo kwakunguBenvenuto Cellini odumile . Yakhiwe ngesitayela seMannerism, eyayilawula ngaleso sikhathi embukisweni we-Italy. Kubonakala ngemifanekiso ephawulekayo, ukuhlobisa okucacile nokugqamile, imibala ekhanyayo kanye nokulinganisa okulinganiselwe kwezibalo.

Ukushiya umbhoshongo owodwa kusuka esakhiweni esedlule, amakhosi ase-Italy akha isakhiwo esihle kakhulu esiba uphawu lweRaissance Renaissance eFrance. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isigodlo saseFistainebleau, ngokungafani nezinye izindlu zamakhosi aseYurophu, sasinqatshelwe noma yiziphi izakhiwo zokuzivikela. Ngokwengxenye lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi inkosi yaseFrance, ekubeni idiplomate enhle kakhulu, yayingekho izitha.

Ngaphansi kukaFrancis, izakhiwo eziningi zezomnotho, amasango esigodlo, i-chapel, nehholo lokudansa lakhiwa.

Ngemva kokufa kukaFrancis I isigodlo sasePistainebleau asishiywanga. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqhutshwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwendodana yombusi oshonile, uHenry II. Igalari ehlanganisiwe yanezelwa esigodlweni, isikhala esisekelwe ezisekelweni, ezakha uhlelo oluhle lwe-arcade-embraure. Kamuva, izinguquko ekubukeni kwesigodlo zenziwa nguHenry IV noLouis XIV. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwabo, kwakhiwa izitezi, amaphekula epaki kanye nephiko elisha lesakhiwo.

I-Fontainebleau Palace e-Île-de-France ngesikhathi se-Great French Revolution

Ukushaqeka okwenziwa yizwe phakathi neminyaka yokuguqulwa kwamacala nokuthuthumela kwamathinta izwe elihlala kwamakhosi aseFrance eBostainebleau. Cishe zonke izimo zathathwa, futhi isikole samasosha sasisendaweni yokuhlala. Ngo-1803, i-Fontainebleau yavakashela kuqala uNapoleon Bonaparte ngokuhlolwa. Ngemva kwalokho wanquma ukwenza indlu yakhe ibe yindawo yokuhlala. Abamemezeli bamemile basebenzisa cishe isikhathi sonke sokuhlala kombusi emandleni ekuvuseleleni isigodlo. Izakhiwo ezintsha zazakhiwa, igalari ye-Diana yabuyiselwa kabusha, umsebenzi wezithombo wavuselelwa, ipaki yaseNgisi yanqotshwa. Egcekeni leHhovisi Elimhlophe ukuhlaselwa komlawuli omkhulu kanye nabalindi bakhe bezilwane ngemuva kokuqedwa kwesihlalo sobukhosi. Isikhathi sokugcina uNapoleon wavakashela esigodlweni sasePistainebleau ngemuva kokubalekela kwakhe esiqhingini sase-Elba.

Manje izivakashi esigodlweni zingabona indawo ehlotshaniswa nombusi omkhulu waseFrance. Lezi yizindlu zokulala, umbuso wesihlalo sobukhosi, igumbi lokulala elincane (lapho uNapoleon ethanda ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi) kanye ne salon lapho asayina khona ukulahla amandla akhe.

Isikhathi sethu

Isigodlo saseFistainebleau eFrance namuhla siyisikhumbuzo esimangalisayo sezakhiwo emakhulwini eminyaka adlule. Noma ubani angayivakashela ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ahloniphe amahholo okunethezeka, ama-galleries nama-salons, ahambe epaki elimnandi kanye nensimu yaseNgisi bese ebona ichibi laseKarp. Akumangalisi ukuhunyushwa kusuka eFrance, igama lesigodlo lizwakala sengathi "Umthombo omuhle".

Ngaphandle kwepaki kanye nensimu yaseNgisi, izivakashi eziya enqabeni zingenza ukuba zihambele ehlathini eduze kwasePistainebleau. Kulokhu, ifakwe izindlela zokuhamba namabhayisikili.

Isiphetho

I-Palace yaseFistainebleau iyindawo yokuhlala enokunethezeka futhi ehlelekile yamakhosi aseFrance, evikelekile emahlathini amnyama eduze kwaseParis. Umhlobiso omuhle kakhulu ongaphakathi wegumbi lesigodlo, amapaki amahle kanye nedamu elimangalisayo yenza i-Fontainebleau indawo enhle yokuvakashela ngaphandle.