Iphutha Ingabe Ohulumeni Banalo Lonke kanye isihlobo

Kuzo zonke izilinganiso, ukuqoqa imiphumela izibalo, ukusebenza izibalo kunalokho kuyinkimbinkimbi nakanjani kuphakama ukuphambuka ethile. Ukuze ukuhlola lezo zinto ezinganembile evamile ukusebenzisa izinkomba ezimbili - nephutha ngokuphelele futhi isihlobo.

Uma ukubaluleka esiqondile nekususa umphumela, sithola ukuphambuka ngokuphelele (lapho ukubalwa inombolo enkulu oqothulayo sakugcina). Ngokwesibonelo, uma round e 1370 kuya 1400, iphutha ngokuphelele uyoba 1400-1382 = 18. Uma ukuqoqa ukuba 1380, the eliphelele ukuphambuka lemali 1382-1380 = 2. Umthetho ofingqiwe iphutha ngokuphelele kuyinto yefomu:

Δx = | x * - x |, lapha

x * - ukubaluleka kweqiniso,

x - Inani eseduze.

Nokho, ukuchaza ukunemba kwale inkomba akwanele. Uzenzela uma isisindo iphutha 0.2 amagremu, ke enesisindo amakhemikhali ukuze mikrosinteza kuyoba kakhulu enesisindo 200 amagremu of umvimba kuyinto ejwayelekile, futhi wayengenayo ingabonakali e nesilinganiso isisindo imoto ujantshi. Ngakho ngokuvamile uthi eliphelele noma futhi ibalwa iphutha isihlobo. Ifomula we inkomba simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

δx = Δx / | x * |.

Cabangela nasi isibonelo. Ake lonke inani labafundi esikoleni noma kunjalo 196. oyindilinga lokhu Inani 200.

Ukusuka eliphelele 200 - 196 = 4. Iphutha isihlobo uzobe waphetha noma 4/196, 4/196 = 2%.

Ngakho, uma sazi ukubaluleka inani elithile kweqiniso, iphutha eyisihlobo wathola ukubaluleka eseduze iyona ratio inani eliphelele ukuphambuka eseduze nenani eliqondile. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi ukuhlonza ukubaluleka kweqiniso zamanje kunzima kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho engenakwenzeka. Futhi, ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukubala ngqo ukubaluleka iphutha. Nokho, ungahlala ukuchaza inombolo uyohlale kancane mkhulu kunezinhliziyo iphutha esiphezulu okuphelele noma okungaphelele.

Ngokwesibonelo, umthengisi is yasekhaleni + enesisindo esiyingxenye ikhabe on ukulingana uvumelanise. Kulokhu, isisindo elincane 50 amagremu. Libra 2000 amagremu. Lena ukubaluleka eseduze. ikhabe isisindo ngqo alwaziwa. Nokho, siyazi ukuthi iphutha ngokuphelele akukwazi ezingaphezu kuka-50 grams. Khona-ke lo isihlobo iphutha ekulinganiseni isisindo asisikhulu kunenkosi 50/2000 = 2.5%.

Inani okungukuthi ekuqaleni njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo iphutha eliphelele noma, esimweni okubi, kuba alinganayo, ibizwa ngokuthi eliphelele iphutha umkhawulo noma umkhawulo yephutha ngokuphelele. Esikhathini esidlule, bangamaphesenti 50 amagremu. Ngokufanayo kunqunywa umkhawulo nesiphambeko isihlobo, okuyinto isibonelo esingenhla kwaba 2.5%.

Inani umkhawulo ukunemba engabulawa ucacise. Ngakho, esikhundleni 50 amagremu singase ukuthatha noma yisiphi inombolo enkulu isisindo isisindo ephansi, uthi 100 g noma 150 g, Nokho, empeleni inani eliphansi ikhethwa. Futhi uma kungenzeka ukunquma ngokuqondile ukuthi siyini futhi ngeke kanyekanye bakhonze njengamaphayona iphutha mkhawulo.

Kuqondane ukuthi iphutha umkhawulo ngokuphelele ayicacisiwe. Khona-ke kumelwe sicabange ukuthi ulingana kwesigamu iyunithi zokugcina zalesi osenyameni (uma inombolo) noma iyunithi ubuncane division (uma ithuluzi). Ngokwesibonelo, ku uhla milimitha lesi silinganiso kuyinto 0.5 mm, futhi cishe isibalo 3,65 ngokuphelele ukuphambuka obuyisilinganiselo 0,005.