Imithombo ukukhanya Ezingokwemvelo Kanye Nezenzo yokufakelwa: izibonelo. Ukusetshenziswa ukukhanya imithombo yokufakelwa. Izinhlobo ukukhanya imithombo yokufakelwa

Thina njalo futhi yonke indawo sizungezwe ukukhanya njengoba kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila. Fire, ilanga, inyanga, noma ithebula isibani - konke lokhu okungokwakho kulesi sigaba. Manje umsebenzi wethu cabanga zemvelo kanye yokufakelwa ukukhanya imithombo.

abantu ngaphambili awazange abe ohlakaniphile alamu amawashi kanye nomakhalekhukhwini ukuze usisize uvuke uma sidingeka. Lokhu umsebenzi kwelanga. Kwaphathiswa - abantu ukuqala umsebenzi, izwe side - walala ukuze baphumule. Kodwa, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi siye safunda ukuba ikhiphe ukukhanya imithombo yokufakelwa, sizoxoxa ngazo esihlokweni kabanzi. Kufanele uqale imiqondo ebaluleke kakhulu.

ukukhanya

Ngomqondo obanzi - kuyinto wave (kagesi) okuyinto ziqondakala umbono womuntu. Kodwa kukhona uhlaka ukuthi uyabona (kusukela ngo-380 kuya ku 780 nm). Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kukhona emisebeni ultraviolet. Nakuba thina awuboni, kodwa isikhumba sethu kuthatha (tan), ngemva kohlaka kuba amaza okushisa, abanye izinto eziphilayo-ke ubona indoda wabubona njengoba ukushisa.

Manje cabanga ngalo mbuzo: kungani ungukukhanya imibala ehlukene? Konke kuncike nombono, isibonelo, onsomi ikhiqizwa ugongolo of 380 nm wavelength, oluhlaza - 500 NM, futhi abomvu - 625. Ngokuvamile, imibala eyinhloko 7, singakwazi ukugcina phakathi ezinjengokungcoliswa rainbow. Kodwa abaningi, ikakhulukazi imithombo yokufakelwa ukukhanya ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana amagagasi emhlophe. Ngisho noma thina ukuthatha isibani ukuthi kuthé ekamelweni lakho, nge okungenzeka amaphesenti angu-90, kukhanyise ngayo ukukhanya okumhlophe. Ngakho, it is etholwe ngokuxuba zonke imibala eyinhloko:

• Red.
• Orange.
• Yellow.
• Green.
• Blue.
• Blue.
• Purple.

Ziyakwazi kulula kakhulu ukukhumbula, abantu abaningi basebenzisa lezi imigqa: umzingeli ngamunye ifuna ukwazi lapho inyoni ye-pheasant ihlala. Futhi uhlamvu lokuqala egameni ngalinye futhi abonisa umbala, ngasendleleni, in the rainbow bona ahlelwe ngokulandelana efanayo. Uma sesithole esiphethweni umqondo, sinikeza ujike yombuzo " Lights yemvelo kanye eyenziwe." Sihlaziya ngokuningiliziwe kohlobo ngalunye.

imithombo ukukhanya

Ayiphumi esikhathini sethu kungekho igatsha omunye umnotho, okuyinto ekukhiqizeni zayo uzosebenzisa ukukhanya imithombo yokufakelwa. Lapho umuntu wokuqala laqala ukuthola kukhanyiswe yikona? Kwakuyindlela kudala ngekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, kanye imbangela ukuthuthukiswa imboni wakhonza njengephayona kokusungulwa izibani arc futhi incandescent.

Imithombo yokukhanya yemvelo kanye yokufakelwa - iyona umzimba ukuthi bayakwazi ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana zokukhanya, ikakhulukazi, ukuguqula eyodwa amandla kwenye. Ngokwesibonelo, ugesi ibe wave kagesi. Acting on isimiso umthombo yokufakelwa ukukhanya kuyinto isibani nokuthatheka okwande kangaka ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Saxoxa esigabeni odlule ukuthi akuwona wonke zokukhanya ziqondakala izitho zethu ngombono, kodwa umthombo wokukhanya nokuthi into ukuthi likhipha amagagasi ukuthi kukhona sikwazi ukuwubona ngamehlo ethu.

ngezigaba

Okokuqala, ukuthi bonke awela amakilasi ezimbili ezibanzi:

• imithombo ukukhanya Artificial (izibani, sikaphalafini, ikhandlela nokunye).
• Natural (ilanga ukukhanya, inyanga, nezinkanyezi kukhanya, nokunye).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isigaba badedelane, zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu futhi subgroups. Asiqale nge, imithombo lokuqala yokufakelwa ababonakali ngezikhundla:

• Heat.
• Fluorescent.
• LED.

A ngezigaba olunemininingwane ethe xaxa sizoxoxa ngokwengeziwe. Esikhathini isigaba sesibili siqukethe lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ilanga.
• igesi Interstellar nezinkanyezi ngokwabo.
• esithweni atmosphere.
• Bioluminescence.

imithombo ukukhanya wemvelo

Zonke izinto ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana zokukhanya odabuka yemvelo kukhona imithombo yemvelo. Kulesi ekushayweni ukukhanya kungaba eyinhloko noma impahla yesibili. Uma siqhathanisa zemvelo kanye yokufakelwa imithombo ukukhanya, izibonelo zazo esixoxe kakade, umehluko yabo eyinhloko itholakala lokuthi ukuthi yokugcina ihlaba umkhosi ukukhanya ebonakalayo emehlweni ethu sibonga indoda, noma kunalokho ukukhiqizwa.

Endaweni yokuqala efika emqondweni wonke umuntu, umthombo yemvelo ilanga, okuyinto umthombo ukukhanya nokushisa lonke iplanethi. Futhi imithombo yemvelo kukhona izinkanyezi lezinkanyezi ezinomsila, ngogesi (ezifana umbani ezibaliwe uma kuduma izulu), ngokuvutha eziphilayo, le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi njengoba bioluminescence (zibonelo ngokhanyikhanyi, abanye izilwane zasemanzini ezihlala phansi, njalo njalo). imithombo ukukhanya wemvelo kubaluleke kakhulu abantu nezinye izinto eziphilayo kuyisiphazamiso.

Izinhlobo ukukhanya imithombo yokufakelwa

Kungani uyidinga thina? Cabanga indlela ukushintsha ukuphila kwethu ngaphandle kwakho konke isibani evamile, ebusuku ukukhanya, namadivayisi efanayo. Iyini injongo izibani? Ngaphakathi dalo of indawo evumayo nemibandela ukubonakala komuntu, kanjalo nokugcina impilo nenhlalakahle, wehlise ukukhathala iso.

ukukhanya imithombo Artificial zingahlukaniswa zibe ezimbili, ngempela ebanzi, iqembu:

• Jikelele.
• Kuhlanganiswe.

Ngokwesibonelo, iqembu lokuqala, bonke eziningi ukukhiqizwa yohlobo olufanayo zihlale izibani Illuminated, okuyinto ahlelwe at elifanayo ukusuka komunye futhi okufanayo isibani wattage. Uma sikhuluma iqembu lesibili, wabe esenezela okungenhla a zalapho ambalwa ivelele iyiphi indawo umsebenzi ezifana etafuleni noma umshini. Lamasu ezengeziwe abizwa ngokuthi ukukhanyisa wendawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma sisebenzisa Ukusabalala bendawo kuphela, ke kuyoyithinta kakhulu ukukhathala, kodwa umphumela uyoba ukwehla kwe-kahle, ngaphezu, izingozi kungenzeka futhi izingozi emsebenzini.

Ukusebenza emsebenzini kanti eziphuthumayo ukukhanyisa

Uma sicabangela Ukwahlukaniswa imithombo yokufakelwa ngokuya ukusebenza, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa amaqembu ezilandelayo:

• ukusebenza;
• indlu;
• Eziphuthumayo.

Manje okuncane mayelana ngamunye. izibani Ukusebenza akuyo yonke indawo, lapho kuyadingeka ukuze balondoloze impilo yabantu noma babasa indlela yokuza zokuthutha. Ikilasi yokukhanya yesibili iqala isebenze ngemva kwesikhathi ukusebenza. Iqembu mithandazo ekudingisweni kwakudingeka balondoloze ukusebenza kwe-ukukhiqizwa uma Ukukhipha we (ukusebenza) lesimcoka lulula, incane, kodwa uyakwazi esikhundleni okwesikhashana izibani ukusebenza.

isibani esikhipha

Esikhathini sethu, ukuze zimboze amasayithi ekukhiqizweni usebenzisa izibani incandescent zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Halogen.
• Ukukhishwa.

Futhi kuyini na ukuthi onjalo ngesibani esikhipha? Into yokuqala kufanele sinake - ukuthi iwumthombo kagesi, futhi ukukhanya sibona ngokusebenzisa umzimba red-hot, okuthiwa umzimba intambo. Ngaphambili (e nesishiyagalolunye leminyaka) esikhipha umzimba wenziwe into ezifana tungsten noma ingxubevange yalo. Manje wenziwe carbon fibre kufinyeleleke kalula.

Izinhlobo, ngebuhle nebubi

Manje umkhakha ukhiqiza inqwaba amalambu ezahlukene, phakathi okuyinto ethandwa kakhulu:

• Umshini.
• Izibani Krypton ukugcwaliswa.
• Coiled-ikhoyili.
• Egcwele gas ingxube argon nitrogen.

Manje cabanga mbuzo wokugcina, esiphathelene Mhlophe komlilo izibani, okungukuthi emihle nemibi. Buhle: zingabantu engabizi okwenza, ezincane, uma kufakiwe, asikho isidingo ukulinda kuze break out in ukwenziwa esikhipha amalambu ungayisebenzisi izingxenye anobuthi, basebenzela njengoba njalo, ngakho futhi kushintshana zamanje, ungasebenzisa dimmer, ezinhle elingenazinkinga ukusebenza ngisho okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu inqwaba izinzuzo, kusenabantu nemibi: awayona ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, ukukhanya has a kwe-tint aphuzi, kushisa kakhulu ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa, okuholela ngezinye izikhathi nomlilo lapho ukuxhumana impahla yendwangu.

gaseous osenyameni isibani

Bonke zihlukaniswe izibani high and low-ingcindezi, iningi labo ukusebenza ngentukuthelo mercury. Bafaka ama esikhipha, ukuze thina bajwayele kangaka, kodwa izibani osenyameni abe mass yokuntula, enye yazo siye kakade wathi, futhi kuba ithuba ushevu mercury nalapha singakwazi zihlanganisa umsindo, lingekho ithemba, okuholela ukukhathala ngaphezulu, komugqa ekushayweni spectrum nokunye.

Lezi izibani kungaba sikhonza kufika emahoreni angu ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili, yebo, uma isibani kuyinto beqinile, futhi ukukhanya wukukhanya ke, uye noma efudumele noma kokungathathi hlangothi emhlophe.

Ukusetshenziswa imithombo yokufakelwa ukukhanya kuvamile impela, isibonelo, izibani uze uphele du, ngokuvamile kakhulu isasetshenziswa izitolo noma emahhovisi, ukukhanyisa zokuhlobisa noma kwezobuciko, ngenhlanhla is a professional ukukhanyisa imishini, akulona ngaphandle isibani khulula.

Ukukhiqizwa izibani igesi osenyameni kuvamile, okuholela inani elikhulu zilwane, umuntu ethandwa kakhulu sizobheka manje.

isibani sikagesi

Njengoba kushiwo ke uhlobo osenyameni isibani. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa i-primary umthombo wokukhanya, Fluorescent isibani ama zinamandla kakhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela uqede amandla afanayo. Njengoba siye esiqaliwe ukuqhathanisa kanye nezibani esikhipha, kuyafaneleka yokuthi ezilandelayo - empilweni Fluorescent kungaba idlule izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili ukuphila izibani incandescent.

Ngokuphathelene yohlobo lwazo, kunamathuba amaningi okuthi ukusebenzisa isibani mercury tube-like, futhi ngaphakathi futhi mercury ububi ngentukuthelo. Lena umthombo ukonga kakhulu yokukhanya, okuyinto evamile ezikhungweni zomphakathi (izikole, izibhedlela namahhovisi nokunye).

Imithombo yokukhanya yemvelo kanye yokufakelwa, izibonelo esesiye sacabangela, kubalulekile ukuba abantu nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo eplanethini yethu. Izinto ezingokwemvelo ungavumeli ukuba ulahleke ngesikhathi, nokunakekela yokufakelwa ngempilo yethu nenhlalakahle we amabhizinisi, kwehliswa iphesenti izingozi kanye nokufa kwabantu.