Henry VII: amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo, izingane. Capella uHenry VII Westminster Abbey

Waziwa ngokuthi omunye izibalo impikiswano kunawo eyaziwa umlando England, umsunguli Tudor asebukhosini okuhlala. Nguye, uHenry VII ka, iziqu Omusha oneminyaka engu-multi War of the Roses (1455-1485). Umise emhlabeni iminyaka, ngezindinganiso leyo minyaka, iminyaka engu-24.

umsuka

Henry VII Tudor, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Earl of Richmond, wathabathela ujenga lunegazi lasebukhosini, Nokho, okuyinto, akakaze kwadingeka yesimangalo yesihlalo sobukhosi ngenxa emthethweni umshado ukhokho Henry - Owen Tudor - ne Ekaterinoy Valua (umfelokazi iNkosi uHenry V). Ngeke bangene butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela Bloodlines bobukhosi, ngaphandle ukusho ukuthi uyisemkhulu kwaba umsunguli John Richmond sika Gaunt Lancaster House.

Ingane kwaba wamukelekile futhi eyingqayizivele kunina, Margarity Bofort, ongumfelokazi izinyanga 3 ngaphambi kokubeletha. Kodwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa umntwana kuma-oda kamama bathunyelwa Wales, futhi kamuva e-Brittany. Brittany abasha Earl ngathuthela eFrance. Ngakho UMargarita wamsindisa York, babezimisele ukuba abhubhise bonke izindlalifa ezingaba yesihlalo sobukhosi sika-Lancaster.

Indlela yesihlalo sobukhosi

Indlela yesihlalo sobukhosi ngaye sasinzima nombhede. Abaningi uHenry VII ukweletwa unina. Kwaba esona kwavula indlela ebuya empini 1483, yena eyingoduso indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, u-Elizabeth York.

okunqobayo ekhaya kaHenry kwaphawulwa ukunqoba kwakhe ngesikhathi Bosworth. Ukubhubhisa ibutho uRichard III esibusayo, uHenry VII imiqhele yena kwesokudla umqhele yempi, othathwa umbusi efile! Waseqala mashi yakhe eLondon, lapho izinyawo zakhe iwela neligwadulekile idolobha impi. inkosi okusha wavuma! Kwakuwusuku indlela okungcono yase-England, ngoba lo mbusi owakwazi bambelela amandla ukuvimbela ukuchitheka kwegazi okwengeziwe. Ngo 1486, uHenry VII ashade Elizabeth York futhi esihlanganisa yozalo rose ku rose obomvu nomhlophe eyaziwayo Tudors.

uhulumeni

Kwake kwathi ngo-amandla, uHenry VII ka, amaqiniso athakazelisayo ezivikelwe esihlokweni, eqala ukubusa kwakhe ne yinye kwamandla, kanye izinsalela kuphela nenkani Yorkist ukuthi Kwakungenzima kakhulu. King kusekelwe Ezigodlweni, unyaka ngamunye ubanika amalungelo ngaphezulu.

Ukuze amandla belingana naye amangalelwe unina Margaret, kodwa yena akungqubuzani indodana, futhi inkosi yena, ngazo zonke izindlela ezama ukujabulisa unina, ogama uthando ayekade bancishwa iminyaka eminingi. Marguerite avunyelwe eziningi, ngisho ukubeka eceleni isignesha yakhe uhlamvu R, okwakusho isihloko yinkosi.

Ukulwa izitha

Ukuzama uvikelekile isikhundla sakhe, uHenry zisathambile sezitha zabo ezingaba khona. Ngakho, abanye Wayelokhu naye, wabayala kuphela okuthunyelwe efana abapheki noma Washer izibuya buyingozi kakhulu ejele, kodwa wabulawa eyodwa kuphela. Kodwa bakhi Akaphindanga ukubekezelelana, futhi uma othile wayengafuni ukusizakala ithuba lesibili, ngokuqinisekile kwenzakala agwetjelwe ukufa. Kwakube futhi ubuke Genrih Tyudor akakuthandanga.

Inhlawulo nezintela

Kodwa impikiswano kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo indlela ephumelela kakhulu emzabalazweni isimo oluqinile ukwethulwa izindodla inhlawulo ngamanga nezintela. Ngenxa yalesi uHenry VII Tudor ngokuthi avaricious, ezidwengulayo futhi yizicukuthwane umashiqela. Ezinye inhlawulo ebekwa bekuyicala sokuthatha isinyathelo izimisele kakade. Inkosi wayejabula kakhulu ukupha akhonze ngaphansi kwabo ocebile umsebenzi ngokusobala impracticable, ukuze alulame ekucindezelekeni kwakhe ngemva kwabo izinhlawulo eqolo. Ngenxa replenishment yengcebo futhi wayenza namasu ne lokuqola futhi isihlengo, betshala ocebile ejele, izihlobo esikisela ukuthi ngenkokhelo, ungakwazi ukudedela iziboshwa ezingenacala.

I ihlaya efanayo wayedlala ku eliphakeme kakhudlwana, lapho lokubiza ephalamende ukubamba isamba round impi e-France. Eqinisweni, eFrance ayilungile ukulwa noHenry VII ikhokhwe okuphindwe kabili ukuze ugweme impi. Ukuze asindise umfanekiso iNkosi of England kwakusadingeka ambalwa izimpi, okwathi ngemva kwalokho "enqobile" wabuyela eLondon.

izindlalifa

Kodwa kumelwe simnika ngenxa yakhe: hhayi zanqwabelana isimo elikhulu, uHenry waqiniswa yokuma umqhele, kusale ezikanye naye ezingu-umcebo umnyuziki nezikhulu eziyishumi ezikhuluphalisiweyo, ababengakholelwa abafuna ukuketula inkosi enjalo.

Ayikho izindlalifa uyasala uHenry VII Tudor? abantwana baKhe - amadodana amathathu namadodakazi amane. Ukukhuluma izindlalifa kufanele okuthiwa amabili ala madodana akhe amathathu, u-Arthur noHenry. Arthur ukuthi ogama lakhe behlonipha Arthur ziyaphawuleka, lapho Genrih Tyudor bephikelela wafuna (kuthe bengasifumani) nezimpande zawo phansi. Le nganekwane wadala eseduze enkosini, wathi: ukuthi lapho usana Arthur komculo inkosi enkulu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuze avuselele amandla wangaphambili of England. Kodwa indodana wayelula. Wafa esemncane, ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ebalulekile emshadweni dynastic ukuze Ekaterinoy Aragonskoy. Umfelokazi umfowabo wayeshade nendodana yesibili - yamaNgisi uHenry VIII.

Futhi mina-ke wayenamadodakazi amane kukaHenry VII. Mary Tudor wayeshade yinkosi yaseFrance, uLouis XII, Elizabeth wanikwa i-King James IV yeScotland awasukela Inqubomgomo pro-British kuze kokufa kukayise. Badlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni England. Abazalwane nodade abaningi bayinqoba, futhi ngemva kokushona kukayise cishe wabhubhisa Yakhiwa Genrihom Tyudorom ukuthula ethambile.

Capella uHenry VII Westminster Abbey

On kokufa nkosi Ngacabanga ekuseni futhi ngisho 1503 waqala ukwakhiwa, okuyinto namanje izimbangela ethuthumela lezakhamuzi ezihlaselwa yaseLondon futhi ebatshazwa kakhulu yizivakashi.

Capella uHenry VII elise Westminster Abbey. Ngo ngokwalo kuba kabusha Chapel kukaHenry III. Kabusha abelwe imali crazy! Kodwa umphumela nezaba izindlela.

Chapel kukaHenry VII - isibonelo ukubonakaliswa eliphezulu kakhulu ngasekupheleni IsiZulu Gothic. Lesi sakhiwo libukeka ngendlela elula, nenhle futhi ivulekile. Chapel ovuthayo kusuka ngaphakathi ngokusebenzisa ubumba kanye ngemabula. Openwork isakhiwo ulunika ezolile wasezulwini futhi ukudlala. Ubuningi yayinamakhothamo kanye vaults nge edumile emhlabeni ubumba elengayo kwamenza sezakhiwo wathwebula kakhulu.

Ngo Chapel kukhona Area okuthiwa yezimbongi. Phakathi kwalabo wangcwatshwa khona Handel futhi Dickens, u-Oskar Uayld kanye isifuba Blake.

Ukufa Phumula

Korol Genrih VII Tudor wafa eminyakeni 10 ngaphambi kokuphela kabusha yesonto. Kwathi 1509, wafa sofuba, ahlupheke le nkosi eminyakeni embalwa.

Kuyinto kule wobuciko bokwakha yangcwatshwa inkosi futhi amalungu omkhaya kukaHenry VII. Umkakhe, izingane, ngisho izindlalifa ezikude Queen Elizabeth Tudor nembangi Maria uStuart Bloody benendawo zokugcina yokuphumula kulezi izindonga. amathuna abo ahlotshiswe ukubaza obucayi yezandla Pietro Torridzhiano.

Inani emlandweni

Personality uHenry kuyadida yingenxa ekujabulisayo izingqondo mlando. Ngenxa enamandla, wayaziwa njengomuntu ononya, kodwa njengenkondlo ebonisa kakhulu sezombangazwe, wezinguquko kanye sezomnotho. Ubunikazi ngowokuqala Tudor ezixutshanisiwe ubugovu nokuzinikela izwe, unya nakalula.

Lokhu kwaba Henry VII - inkosi enkulu yase-England, kwasho ukuqala omunye wemindeni onamandla kunayo yonke isikhathi.