Bangaki abantu enyangeni, futhi ayini?

Sekuyisikhathi eside bakhangwa ekusithekeni ngokweqile abantu ngisho amandla emimoya zenyanga. WaseZulwini ebusuku ukukhanya Nokho akakho ofudumalayo, kodwa kunalokho kuletha ukucabanga abandayo, ngokungafani ilanga. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile njengoba kuba isathelayithi lokuqala kanye kuphela imvelo esemhlabeni. osomkhathi abaningi baye badonsa ingxenye yokuphila kwami, ukuba balungiselele futhi afeze indiza kuso. Kodwa manje, mhlawumbe, ngisho umuntu erudite kakhulu uzothi bangaki abantu babe on enyangeni , futhi ikakhulukazi bangaki nokho owalubhada ubuso bayo.

twin Zomhlaba - Moon

Iplanethi yethu futhi inyanga yayo evame ukubizwa ngokuthi amawele, kodwa lokho kumane nje ihlaya, njengoba engekho ukubukeka, noma ngisho abawona Ubukhulu efanayo. Sisindvo inyanga kuphela ingxenye encane isisindo umhlaba, cishe 0,0123, ubukhulu bayo ufana quarter eliwumhlaba (mayelana 3476 km). Kodwa ngisho ne umehluko onjalo, ebusuku ukukhanya kubhekwe ukuba inyanga ngokwanele ezinkulu, usayizi waso is singcono kakhulu kuphela kumasathalayithi of Jupiter (Io, Gannimed futhi Callisto) kanye Saturn (Titan). Kanye amaplanethi ezinkulu, iNyanga iyona yesihlanu elikhulu kumasathalayithi, kuyilapho Umhlaba ngokwawo umi phezu yesihlanu efanayo, kodwa kakade uhlu amaplanethi sosondonzima. ukuqondana okunjalo kunalokho ezingavamile. Ngokuqinisekile wonke ucwaningo kungenzeka kungabi okuthembekile, uma sasingazi ukuthi bangakhi abantu wahamba phezu inyanga futhi wenze umnikelo ngokwazi umzimba engavamile yasezulwini.

Ngakho kungani Umhlaba satellite yayo - iplanethi double? izazi zezinkanyezi Ngendlela Ebonisa Ukukholelwa Ezeni zazo zikholelwa ukuthi lezi umehluko amanani incane kakhulu, ngoba uma uthatha, isibonelo, i-Mars kanye Phobos bayo, enkulu kunazo zonke "eduze" ka Iplanethi Ebomvu, kuyinto encane ngakho, ukuthi uma engayeka endaweni of the Moon, hhayi umhlaba kuphela, abahlali, kodwa futhi isu elikhethekile akakwazanga ukumbona.

Ngubani kuqala wavakashela Moon?

Njalo wesikole owazi isithombe ezidumile ekuboniseni ukusungulwa edume of ifulege American phezu esethilayithi nasemahhovisi esifundazwe. Futhi, wonke umuntu uyazi igama lo muntu - Neil Armstrong. Kodwa bangaki abantu babe on enyangeni bamlandele unqume ukuthi umuntu zashiya izibazi phezu ezinothuli izibani ebusuku? Yiqiniso, ososayensi nama-engineer amaningi ziye zasebenza lapho kudalwa amadivayisi okukhethekile kokufika on enyangeni, kodwa namanje imizamo yabo ayizange iphumelele. Kudingeka sicabange kuphela injabulo alethwe uhulumeni wase-US intuthuko kanye basabela kanjani lapho bembona bagcina zikufice eSoviet Union.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa izidingo best, waphinda wadala izimo best ukuphoqelela onjiniyela engcono zaziphonswa uthenge ngemva kwendiza Yuriya gagarina emkhathini ukwakha rocket sokuba ngilulame.

Ngakho, kusukela isifiso bakwazi ukunqoba le nkinga eside, iqembu i-kwethulwa American "Apollo 11" lanikezwa 1969 ne-Earth, futhi ngokungangabazeki, umkhumbi laphumela kuwo isikhala nge abasemkhunjini ubuso uNeil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin noMichael Collins. Kodwa uma soveshil kokufika on enyangeni, futhi njengoba isithombe ezidumile sathathwa ibingakazeki. Kodwa namanje ngemva kwalokho amaMelika bezizikhakhazisa lokho abayikho - abantu abaye bavakashela khona inyanga. Isithombe yahlakazeka wonke amaphephandaba, kuzo zonke iziteshi, nezikhangiso. AmaMelika uyaziqhenya yokunqoba kwabo i-Soviet Union, njengoba kungenzeka kuboniswe ke.

abantu Bangaki, imicabango yabantu abaningi kangaka

Nakuba abaseMelika baye babonisa "Ukusabalala bukhoma" isikhala emhlabeni wonke, lapho osomkhathi nibeka ukumaka kwabo, Russian futhi Chinese ukuluma izindololwane zakho, ngoba kubo lolu dumo sinqatshiwe. Bangaki abantu babe the Moon ngonyaka belapho, futhi kanjani ukuba kufakazelwe namanje akwaziwa ukuthi waphelelaphi, ngoba izizathu ukungabaza inqwaba.

Okokuqala, izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokunquma indiza phakathi izindawo ukuhlola kulimala, njengoba lawo alingeniswanga engqondweni. Lungisa isikhathi esifushane kangaka kwakungenakwenzeka, kodwa indiza zenzeka, futhi kakhulu ngempumelelo.

Okwesibili, iziphuphutheki Soviet ngesikhathi onogada bakhe ka komhlaba endaweni-Nevada waphawula inkohliso asemigodini ezinqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga, futhi endaweni wawufana inyanga wangempela, ngakho kwaphethwa ngokuthi amaMelika banikwa ngempela Russian emncintiswaneni tricks.

Okwesithathu, ifulegi ugxunyekwe kobuso Moon, athuthukiswe in the umoya, kodwa kusukela lapho umoya zivela? Ekugcineni, amathunzi iwe bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene, ke is nempela ngajwayelekile, ngoba basondeze okufanayo nezibani spotlight kusukela Earth, ukuze izithombe zaphumela iphumelele kakhudlwana?

ngokombono

Ngokwazi siyazi, ukungabaza Kwaqalwa khona manjalo, ekuqaleni, ngisho abangenalwazi eziningi zazo zikholelwa ukuthi kokwehla Inyanga yomhlaba senzeka ngempela, kodwa akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside, ngoba wakubuza kwesikhathi, yadedela ingqondo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waqala ukuvela ngisho izincwadi, waqala ukuqopha emadokhumenthari, kodwa ngesibindi futhi ngokuqondile uzwakalise imibono yabo mayelana nekhwalithi noma cha okuhleliwe.

Abagxeki zihlukaniswe amakamu amabili: abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ngisho zezinkanyezi lapho rocket akazange ahlale phansi, ingasaphathwa indiza emkhathini futhi kokwehla on enyangeni, njengayo, livelile ngezithukuthuku abahleli professional. Ngenkathi yokugcina wazibonakalisa namaqiniso futhi uthathe isinqumo sokuthi indiza emkhathini wayephelele, kodwa ngokuqinisekile osomkhathi kuphela wandizela phezu inyanga emhlabeni.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziningi kangakanani ukungabaza abaningi babeyoba abuthole ubufakazi ukukhwabanisa, amaMelika - kusenzima abantu enyangeni. Uhlu Cosmonauts Russian baye amagama abo okwamanje wajoyina, mhlawumbe, kuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Uhlu wahamba phezu inyanga

Ngokusho idatha esemthethweni, siyothi cababa enyangeni 12 US osomkhathi. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yabo bonke abantu ngokusemthethweni wandizela inyanga, eyaziwa kuphela uNeil Armstrong, futhi lokhu Kuyaqondakala, ngoba, njengoba besho, sengibuyile ngo-1969 ezweni lakhe lonke udumo waya kuye, njengoba ephuma mkhathi kuqala. Kodwa kwakukhona abanye abantu ababe khona inyanga. Amagama kanye nezibongo walabo "lucky" namuhla kule domain yomphakathi, inqobo nje izenzakalo cosmic wezwe lakithi ne-United States wanqamuka.

Ukufika lokuqala esenziwa uNeil Armstrong futhi-Buzz Aldrin 21 Julayi 1969, futhi wathatha amahora angaphezu kuka-21. Uhambo lokuqala luzoba uye eyaqanjwa kanye wesibili, rocket babengamakhulu amabili-astronaut Charles uConrad Alan Bean, bahlala phezu amahora Moon 31 futhi imizuzu 31. Kamuva lawela phezu Moon:

• Alan Shepard;
• U-Edgar Mitchell;
• David Scott;
• Dzheyms Irvin;
• Dzhon Yang;
• Charlz Dyuk.

Kule minyaka edlule, inani isikhathi wachitha weightlessness yanda, izinga eliphakeme kwaba indiza odlule, uzibophezele ngo-1972, u-Eugene Cernan futhi Harrison Schmitt. Bahlala inkanyiso ebusuku amahora 75.

Amaqiniso mayelana inyanga eMhlabeni

Asinakusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi bangaki abantu babe phezu inyanga, futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunengqondo ukungabethembi amaMelika. Kungcono ukuphendulela amaqiniso Sekuvele kufakazelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, eqinisweni, hhayi satellite lumayelana Earth, ihamba eceleni kwakhe njalo ngezinga elifanayo. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi ngesikhathi umsebenzi isikhala 1971 ebusweni the Moon athathwa nezithombo, futhi manje base ezikhulayo e-United States.