I ukuma of okuhlinza

Ngaphambi sikhuluma lezinsimbi, ake ichaze lokho okushiwo ngokomzimba esigabeni izinga lokushisa ukuncibilika. Emkhakheni kuyisayensi nakwezezimboni lo mqondo sisetshenzisiwe futhi njengoba lokushisa solidification. Okwakushiwo ngokomzimba yalo mkhakha wukuthi lokhu ikhombisa izinga lokushisa lapho ukubaluleka kwalo ushintsho isimo uquqaba ketshezi, isb ushintsho yayo eziwuketshezi esimweni okuqinile. Esikhathini esifanayo iphuzu lokushisa inguqulelo izidakamizwa kungaba noma okufanayo noma isimo ezahlukene. Lapho usebenzisa ukushisa eyengeziwe into noma izidakamizwa uba isimo woketshezi, lapho ukuthunjwa ukushisa - osemanzi. Lokhu Inkomba kubhekwa omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni we Izakhiwo zanoma iziphi izimfanelo ezibalulekile, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele (lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukuqonda maqondana steel), ukuthi izinga lokushisa solidification kuyinto anda ilingane lokushisa ukuncibilika kuphela esimweni lapho ukhuluma ngani izidakamizwa okumsulwa ngokuphelele thina.

Njengoba ubizwa kusukela lwezifundo ezaziwayo, izinga lokushisa ukuncibilika steel yezinhlobo ezahlukene Alloys zihlukile. Lokhu kunqunywa isakhiwo ingxubevange izingxenye zayo abalekeleli ubunjalo inqubo ukukhiqizwa steel nezinye izinto.

Ngokwesibonelo, izinga lokushisa ukuncibilika steel, ehlanganisa ingxubevange zethusi-nickel imayelana 1150 ° C. Uma sifuna i ingxubevange ukwandisa okuqukethwe nickel, izinga lokushisa bayovuka, ngenxa iphuzu ukuncibilika nickel lingaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho wethusi. Ngokuvamile, kuye ngokuthi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ingxubevange kanye isilinganiso izingxenye samanje therein babe lokushisa ukuncibilika kungaba phakathi 1420-1525 ° C, uma onjalo kube steel ekubunjweni ukwakha steel ukukhiqizwa inqubo, Kudingeka umzamo ukuze ulondoloze ngisho at 100-150 degrees izinga lokushisa ngenhla. Isici esibalulekile ukuthi unomthelela lokushisa ukuncibilika lisezingeni elinjani okuqukethwe carbon e ingxubevange. Uma okuqukethwe yayo iphakeme, izinga lokushisa kuyoba aphansi futhi, ngokulandelana, noHezekeli - ne nokuncipha lokushisa lemali carbon iyakhula.

A eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe ngokulandela yokunquma ukubaluleka inqubo ukulinganiswa lokushisa ukuncibilika e lezinsimbi engagqwali. Isizathu salokhu liyinkimbinkimbi yabo amakhemikhali ukwakheka. Ngokwesibonelo, steel 1X18H9 brand evame ukusetshenziswa amazinyo kanye nobunjiniyela bukagesi, yakhiwa, ngaphandle yensimbi, ngisho carbon, nickel, i-chromium, manganese, titanium ne-silicon. Ngokwemvelo, izinga lokushisa ukuncibilika insimbi engagqwali kwakhiwa izonqunywa property ingxenye ngayinye azifaka kuwo. Kusukela enjalo namazinyo a steel ingxubevange ekhiqizwa, imiqhele, amazinyo okufakelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene, kanye nezinye izingxenye kagesi. Kungenzeka ukuhlinzeka uhlu ezinye izindawo emimoya lokhu insimbi engagqwali, ukuncibilika lokushisa yayo 1460-1500 ° C, ngakho, ezisuselwa kulesi ipharamitha kanye amakhemikhali ukwakheka we ingxubevange esetshenziselwa nokunamathisela ngomthofu yayo ekhethekile solders esiliva.

Omunye kakhulu zobuchwepheshe in zanamuhla yokukhiqiza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba Alloys kukhona steel, kuhlanganise ukubunjwa yabo izakhi titanium. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi la cishe sekube ngokuphelele eziphila inert, kanye ukuma of okuhlinza esekelwe titanium - omunye eliphakeme.

neningi lezinsimbi ayinsimbi e ngezithako zawo njengoba isakhi esiyinhloko. Lokhu kungenxa nje kuphela yokuthi lo metal - omunye okuvame kakhulu e imvelo, kanye neqiniso lokuthi yensimbi isici cishe jikelele ukwenziwa amamaki ezahlukene insimbi Alloys lapho ifakwa. Lokhu nobubanzi isicelo ngenxa yokuthi izinga ukuncibilika lokushisa metal, ilingana 1539 degrees, lihambisana namanye eliyingqayizivele chemical izakhiwo kwenza ingxenye yensimbi efanelekayo anhlobonhlobo amamaki steel izinjongo ezihlukahlukene.