Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba la kwemvelo of the Universe

Kunezindlela ezimbili ubuka indlela kwaphakama kulomhlaba. Izinkolo ngezikaNkulunkulu indima yomholi ukuze izwe. Ikakhulukazi, iBhayibheli likhuluma izinsuku eziningana, ngoba lapho uNkulunkulu edala ukukhanya kuqala, bese amanzi, khona-ke umkhathi, kulandele izidalwa eziphilayo - kuhlanganise nomuntu. Manje isimangalo beSonto ukuthi "izinsuku eziyisithupha" - a term ehilela usuku akulona usuku, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Esinye, ukubukwa ngokuphelele etshiyeneyo ku umsuka, izwe ebonakalayo impahla - wesayensi. Ukuvela yonke, ngokocwaningo ososayensi, uqalise nge-Big Bang (futhi kwabizwa ngokuthi Big Bang), eyaqala eminyakeni engu-10-15 billion edlule.

Lokho kwaba ngaphambi kwakukhona konke okukhona? astronomy Modern ukholelwa ukuthi iye yancipha ukuba indilinga ubuncane ngaphakathi okuyinto ngaphansi isenzo lokushisa eliphakeme futhi ingcindezi khulula ezihambayo izinhlayiya aphansi. Zonke izinto, manje okuyinto igcwalisa isikhala enkulu esiye onomfutho ngaphakathi esondela zero-ngobukhulu kunini lapho kungashiwo khona-ke waqala umsuka kanye kwemvelo yonke. Akukacaci namanje ukuthi bafika yini eyabangela Big Bang. Nokho, ukuqhuma ezaholela ukwanda komkhathi, futhi le nqubo iyaqhubeka namuhla. Kusho ukuthini? Nge esilinganayo izinhlayiya impahla kuthatha ziningi isikhathi.

Ingabe ukwandisa kulomhlaba phakade, futhi ngolunye usuku ekwandeni lakhe inani phansi kancane, ayeke nhlobo, uyofana nendlela sibona ukuqhuma isiqhumane? Mhlawumbe kulandele ukuvela yonke ziyoma futhi esikhundleni sayo kufakwe elithi isinyathelo "nciphisa", umkhawulo kuze kube seqophelweni yasekuqaleni. Asibi sikulungele ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokuqiniseka. Kodwa isithombe emhlabeni adalwe ososayensi Ungasavele ukuchaza izigaba ezilandelanayo ekukhuleni ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezithintekayo. Inkathi lokuqala - hadron - yathatha kuphela eyodwa kweziyisigidi yomzuzwana, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona inqubo wembubhiso antibaryons futhi baryons, proton kwakhiwa futhi izinzwa.

Izigaba okwesibili nokwesithathu kwemvelo yonke - Lepton futhi ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya - futhi yathatha imizuzwana embalwa nje. Ekupheleni yesibili AD kwakhiwa neutrino ulwandle futhi izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya okuqinisekile laphela uhlukanisa izinto kusukela antimatter (okwakumele ukuqothulwa positrons futhi electron). Umkhathi uyanda, okuholela ukwehla kwabantu amandla izinhlayiya futhi izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya. Photon isinyathelo lezinkanyezi indawo esaqhubeka nanamuhla. Nokho, kumiswa izinkanyezi, imithala namaqembu zemithala iphutha (Yebo kunjalo) Ukuboshelwa.

Izigidi iminyaka ngemuva kwe-Big Bang kuze yaphenduka izinhlayiya aphansi ama-athomu - okungcono hydrogen ne-helium (lezi ama-athomu kukhona ingxenye main of the Universe) athomu ahlanganyela kulokhu molecule zifakwe lemagalagala zinhlayiya kwakhiwa, amaminerali idwala. Ngenkathi inkanyezi, kulesigaba iphela kwemvelo yonke, imithala kwamiswa, inkanyezi izinhlelo, amaplanethi, ngaqala ukuphila ukuphila eMhlabeni. Ingabe singasho ukuthi 'iziqhumane amaqhawe "liphelile, kepha thina singabafundi amalahle ukupholisa phakathi Ukuhlakazwa Intuthu?

Abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi ngokuvamile ukuziphendukela yonke uyaqhubeka. Twist giant cluster hydrogen isicaba izidakamizwa ekuqongeleleni ekuguquleni lezi eddies. Ngakho bazalwa le eyindilinga, imithala okweqanda futhi isicaba (kuye ngokuthi ijubane ukujikeleza cwe - ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu light-years - umjikelezo). Uhlobo yokugcina kungokwalabo yomthala wethu - Milky Way. imithala Ngaphakathi Umfutho hydrogen amahlule kubumbeke izinkanyezi. Futhi ukuya esigabeni eside yokuziphendukela kwemvelo: kusukela supernova elimhlophe-hot phambi "imidondoshiya elibomvu", "dwarfs elimhlophe" izimbobo omnyama. Inqubo Kwenzeka okufanayo nangomfutho ilanga lethu, ngesikhathi, njengoba isikhala esaqhubeka yanda.