Gote Teofil - imbongi kwesikhathi zothando

izinkondlo French kwekhulu XIX wanika emhlabeni eziningi abalobi abanamakhono. Omunye evelele kunazo zonke ngaleso sikhathi, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi gote Teofil. A umhlaziyi lesikole zothando, owadala eziningi izinkondlo, izinkondlo ezidumile hhayi kuphela eFrance kodwa futhi phesheya.

ukuphila komuntu imbongi

Gote Teofil Wazalwa ngo-August 31, 1811 edolobheni Tarbes komngcele eSpain. Nokho, esikhathini esingatheni kamuva nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela enhlokodolobha. Gauthier cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe wachitha e Paris, nokugcina ukulangazelela sezulu eningizimu ukuthi usihlehlisile uphawu ubuntu bakhe futhi lokusungula.

Enhloko-dolobha, Gauthier wathola imfundo yekhethelo nge ukuchema kuzo abantu. Ekuqaleni ngentshiseko nentshisekelo imidwebo, ekuseni kakhulu baba lweli ukunyakaza zothando e art. Uthisha wakhe wokuqala wacabanga Viktora Gyugo.

Imbongi ethile ithola kahle zikhunjulwe bangesikhathi ngoba izingubo zayo egqamile. ivesti yakhe engatjhugulukiko obomvu kanye izinwele esilazayo eside kwaba indlela indoda romantic abasha ngaleso sikhathi.

emphakathini kokuqala

iqoqo yakhe yokuqala izinkondlo by gote Teofil eyakhishwa ngo-1830, lapho eneminyaka engu-19 ubudala. Wabiza ayinzima - "Izinkondlo". Ukuze lesi sikhathi (kuze 1836) futhi zibandakanya iningi imisebenzi yakhe edume kunazo zonke. Lokhu senkondlo, "Albertus", amanoveli "Young France", "Mademoiselle de Maupin", "Fortune", "Nezinyembezi kaDeveli."

Futhi uma inkondlo ekuqaleni "Albertus" abhalwe isitayela zakudala romantic, kuyilapho enovelini "Young France 'bubonakala ngokucacile ubuntu okudala umbhali. Eyokuqala malula futsi izinkondlo ukuthi silinganise pretentiousness ngokweqile futhi nokucija isitayela zakudala romantic.

izinkondlo vertex

baxgeki Kuyavunywa, endaweni okufanele bonke onkulunkulu yezimbongi French wathatha Teofil gote. Imisebenzi adalwe kubo, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu amagugu kwenye inkondlo, imbongi wayegila ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Esigigabeni sokuqala, lokhu kusebenza futhi iqoqo "Enamels futhi cameos." Ngaphezu kwakhe Gauthier wasebenza 50-70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XIX. Yena kumbhali ezahlukweni yimuphi umzuzu khulula cishe kulo lonke minyaka engu-20 yokuphila kwakhe. Ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke imisebenzi kuleli qoqo zixhumene izinkumbulo siqu futhi nakho. Phakathi nokuphila gote Teofil ezikhishwe 6 izincwadi "Enamels futhi cameos", ngamunye kulekelelwa imisebenzi emisha. Uma e 1852 ifake izinkondlo 18, e-version yokugcina ngo-1872, eyakhishwa izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa imbongi, kwaba kakade 47 emincanyana lyrical.

intatheli abajikelezayo

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi izinkondlo esisodwa ngeke sikwazi ukuthwala ngokugcwele Gaultier, ngakho wasebenza njengoba intatheli. Lo msebenzi elashwe ngaphandle hlonipho, ngokuvamile ngokuthi "isiqalekiso zokuphila kwakhe."

Kumagazini i "Cindezela" Zhirardena gote kwaze kwaba sekufeni satires okukhulu ishicilelwe nesihloko sosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabhala incwadi, ezinikele ukugxekwa nomlando etemibhalo. Ngakho, "elibi 'ngo-1844 Gautier sethubeni lokuba ezahlukene abafundi izimbongi eziningana xv-XVI eminyaka, eyayibonakala ngokungafanele ukhohlwe. Phakathi kwabo Villon futhi Sirano De Berzherak.

Khonamanjalo Gauthier kwaba umhambi bakukhonzile. Ngivakashele cishe wonke amazwe aseYurophu, kuhlanganise nalezo wavakashela eRussia. Trip imidwebo kamuva ozinikele "Kwekuheha eRussia" ka-1867 futhi "Amagugu Art Russian" e-1863.

Yakhe nakho travel ezichazwe art Tindzaba Teofil gote. Biography nombhali kuzo lubonakala ngokucacile. Lona "Journey Spain", "E-Italy" futhi "East". Basuke zihlukaniswa ezingavamile salokhu uhlobo izincwadi ukunemba namathafa ukumelwa esankondlo ubuhle bemvelo.

Le noveli edume kakhulu

Naphezu amavesi eqinile, abafundi abaningi esinye isizathu siyazi igama Teofil gote. "Kusho uCaptain Fracassi" - adventure zomlando inoveli, eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo-1863. Kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi, kuhlanganise isiRashiya, futhi kabili - e-1895 futhi ngo-1957.

Isenzo senzeka khona phakathi nokubusa eFrance uLouis XIII. Lona ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII. I protagonist - intokazi Baron de Sigonyak - uhlala on ifa lomndeni e Gascony. Lokhu castle agugile, okuyinto uma inceku ethembekile eyodwa kuphela.

Konke kushintsha lapho le nqaba ngoba ebusuku avunyelwe qembu ka troubadours. Baron Young owayo uthandana nomlingisikazi Isabella kulandela abaculi Paris. Endleleni omunye amalungu inkampani uyafa, futhi de Sigonyak lunqunywe i chelovka angakaze abe khona isimo salo ngesikhathi isenzo. Ugazi Isabella, uyaqhubeka esiteji bese eqala ukudlala indima uCaptain Fracassi. Lena uhlamvu zakudala Italian Commedia dell'arte. Incazelo owenza wezempi.

Ezinye izenzakalo ku umphenyi indaba ethokozisayo. Isabella efuna ukuyenga abasha Duc de Vallombrez. Baron wethu inselelo ukuba duel, iwina, kodwa iNkosana akabalahli imizamo yayo. Uhlela ukuthunjwa Isabella ehhotela waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha, futhi ukuthumela ngenjongo ukuze uyeke Sigonyak owayebulele. Nokho, fiasco zokugcina.

Siphetfo kufana xaxa melodrama Indian. Isabella is behlupheka enqabeni iNkosana, abazishaya inikeza wakhe nothando lwakhe. Nokho, ngomzuzu wokugcina, ngenxa indandatho umndeni, kuvela ukuthi Isabella iNkosana - a mfowethu nangokuthi dadewethu.

Duke futhi Baron sesibuyisene de Sigonyak ithatha umfazi omuhle. Ekupheleni komunye umndeni uthola umcebo enqabeni endala, kufihlwe khona okhokho bakhe.

Legacy Gauthier

Naphezu uthando ezinkondlweni, ezingomeni lokusungula, ukubanika isikhathi esanele bahluleka Teofil gote. Dala izinkondlo kuphumelele ngesikhathi sabo esikhululekile kuphela, futhi bonke ukuphila kwakhe konke ayesibekela journalism kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga zezimali. Ngenxa yalokhu, abaningi imisebenzi yayenziwa ligcwele amanothi yokudabuka, ngokuvamile azizwa kungenzeki ukusungula zonke izinhlelo nemibono.

Teofil gote wafa ngo-1872 e Neuilly, eduze neParis. Wayeneminyaka engu-61 ubudala.