Umbhali American Donna Tartt: Biography, lokusungula, izincwadi kanye nokubuyekeza. Incwadi ethi "Imfihlo Umlando," Donna Tartt: incazelo kanye nokubuyekeza

Contemporary umbhali American Donna Tartt iminyaka umsebenzi wakhe 25, utlole bonke amanoveli ezintathu. Kodwa zonke incwadi kwaba kancane kancane umcimbi emhlabeni etemibhalo.

umbhali Biography

umbhali Ikusasa Donna Tartt wazalwa ngo edolobheni elincane eGreenwood e Mississippi. Wazalelwa ngo-December 23, 1963. Kakade eminyakeni emihlanu, le ntombazane wabhala inkondlo yakhe yokuqala. Ingane balithanda izincwadi ngobuqotho. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngemva iziqu ngaqala ukuzama ukubazi Donna Tartt imfundo philological.

Ngo-1986 ethola iziqu ngesikhathi Bennington College e-Vermont. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana yena ngokuzikhandla ayalolongwa amakhono akhe lokubhala ngokufunda zonke izici olimini lwesiNgisi livela kwelesiLatini. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngoba Donna ukubulawa iphupho nje - ukuba abe umbhali.

aseqala inoveli

Ngo-1992, Donna Tartt ekugcineni yanyatheliswa DEBUT yakhe inoveli onesihloko esithi "Imfihlo Umlando." Uhlelo lokuqala wakhululwa ngo lemali amakhophi ayinkulungwane 75 ka, owawungumnyaka inombolo enkulu ngokungavamile izincwadi sifisa abalobi. Kodwa umshicileli akazange ngamabomu ukubeka imali yabo. Uhlelo lokuqala wathengiswa masinyane, kodwa izilaleli afune okwengeziwe. Kuze kube manje, incwadi lahunyushelwa ezilimini 24. Useke abazinikezele abafundi emhlabeni wonke. ERussia, inoveli yanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo-1999.

Okumangazayo ngakho wabhala Donna Tartt? "Imfihlo Umlando" yilona hlaka engavamile. Ukulandisa iqala ukuphela kwendaba. Ukuze umfundi ngayo umniningwane obalulekile, ngoba le ncwadi - umphenyi nokubulawa ezibonakala zakudala futhi ukuxazulula ubugebengu. Kodwa zonke akulula njengoba kubonakala efika kuqala.

Nakuba umlobi zembula ngokushesha ukuthi ungubani ngempela umbulali, wonke indaba zehla ukufunda ukuthi akucaci ukuthi kuvulwe kahle esandulele ezenzakalweni ezazenzeka ekuqaleni incwadi ezichazwe kule nhlekelele.

protagonist

Uhlamvu main kuyinto Richard Peypin. Ngokuhamba ekutadisheni ubuntu nobunjalo le nsizwa ngokukhethekile eside wasebenza Donna Tartt. "Imfihlo Umlando" utshela indaba insizwa nesishiyagalolunye. Ufuna ukuya eyunivesithi ephakemeko, kodwa umndeni wakhe has a lot of izinkinga zezimali. Noma kunjalo, Richard uthola isibonelelo ukufundela kwenye semfundo ephakeme Vermont (cebo imingcele Donna Tartt wathatha kancane yomlando wakhe siqu).

A uhlobo eqophelweni eliyingozi ngoba umlingiswa oyinhloko wafika okwamanje lapho ezwa khona iqembu elincane labafundi babezimisele ukufunda ngesiGreki. Ukwazi kwabo futhi abe inkinga lonke kwesiqinti, umvuthwandaba owawungumnyaka siphetfo ncwadi ivuleka.

Izici "Imfihlo Umlando"

Ingabe angajwayelekile kanye isitayela ingxoxo, okuyinto wakhetha Donna Tartt. Umbhali wencwadi, bekulokhu ukugcwaliswa okungavamile. Ngo DEBUT yakhe Donna Tartt wanquma ukuxhumana umfundi usebenzisa memoir yokuqala, nombhali okuyinto protagonist. Richard uyakhumbula umcimbi sengathi nguye ophatha okuvelayo sakhe ephepheni.

Umlobi uye wahilela zonke ithalente lakhe, ngangokunokwenzeka ukuzigcina umfundi ezweni kule noveli. Lokhu ikhono lakhe ngokushesha nabadumile Donna Tartt. "Imfihlo Umlando" ... Reader Izibuyekezo ngale ncwadi futhi ukubuyekezwa zabahloli uvumele ukwakha umbono, ukuthi empeleni izethameli inikezwa hhayi inoveli kodwa uhlobo idayari protagonist. Richard ngempela akukho anamahlazo abelana ngayekubonile kanye nakho elihlobene ne ekuqaleni isifundo eside elindelwe e-University of Vermont.

icebo isifinyezo

Ngo kwesiyingi Richard livela abangani abahlanu. Yehluka nomunye uhlamvu, okwenza indaba ezithakazelisayo futhi acebile kuphela. Francis - insizwa athinta romantic. Henry unfazed futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ome njengeqanda. Bunny - humorist nasemphefumulweni inkampani. Eminyakeni emibili - amawele Camilla noCharles.

Wayengumuntu abangani umeluleki - uprofesa nomfundisi ulimi lwesiGreki Julian. Wafunda izwe lasendulo kwezingane. Umlando impucuko yasendulo European kwaba isihloko ukuthi iyabathanda Donna Tartt. Izibuyekezo Ochwepheshe mayelana DEBUT yakhe inoveli, ugcwele indumiso. Ngokusho kwabo, "Imfihlo Umlando" - kuyinto eqanjiwe hhayi kuphela enkulu kwezobuciko, kodwa futhi umhlahlandlela isiko lasendulo, egcwele izimfihlakalo izimfihlo. Ngisho isihloko inoveli - ireferensi umsebenzi eponymous ka umlobi wezenzakalo WaseByzantium kwekhulu VI.

umphumela

Abafundi ukunikeza kuleyo umoya obuyimfihlo, owawungumnyaka ugqozi uprofesa uJulian. Ngesinye isikhathi nomdlandla ethile ephuma control. Abangani abane umuntu eqhuma ngokweqile ukuyobulala abanye lesihlanu nelesithupha iba ubufakazi esingalindelekile ukoniwa. Lapha iqala isenzo esikhulu kule noveli bese umvuthwandaba walo.

Kulesi umsebenzi, umphenyi kahle ixubene Thriller nokungabaza. Konke lokhu izinhlobo bayathandeka futhi wayefuna ukuzindla encwadini eyodwa Donna Tartt. "Imfihlo umlando", okuyinto libuyekeza ukugqugquzela ukufunda inguqulo egcwele umkhiqizo, - akusiyo nje wokufundwayo kuyajabulisa. Kuyinto ethokozisayo! Amazwana okulandelayo: incwadi ifundwa kanye umoya. Othile ngisho ngokuthi inoveli "Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso" kuya-North American isitayela. Abaningi bayavuma ukuthi ziya naphezu kweqiniso nokuthi liyincwadi egcwele kungabhekisela, izingcaphuno ezincwadini zesiGreki sasendulo namanye amacebo postmodern waqonda umbhalo kalula, abasiza yokuthi isitayela eyibhalela lula. Kukhona labo qhathanisa kufundwa ukubukela ibhayisikobho in the cinema, ngokucace kangaka ukuboniswa ezenzeka izenzakalo nabalingiswa, imizwa yabo, wamshaya, izinkanuko ... Ngokusho abalandeli umbhali, inoveli ungathi icebo ngisho lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa amafilimu kuqondiswe yi Hitchcock, lapho kungazelelwe protagonists balahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo noma ufakazi zehlakalo ezimbi.

"Little Friend"

Donna Tartt yokuthi, ngokungafani abaningi ozakwethu, akuvamile ishicilela amabhuku amasha ezaziwayo. Inoveli ngegama layo ekhaveni ivele ku esitolo amashalofu ngesikhathi iminyaka 10-11. Uqinisile isikhathi esinjalo emva kokukhululwa kwe "Imfihlo Umlando" umbhali umsebenzi laphela ekwakhiweni yabo entsha. Lalibizwa ngokuthi "umngane omncane 'futhi yanyatheliswa ngo-2002.

Ngokungafani imisebenzi odlule, kukhona ajwayelekile sendzaba, okuyinto sici kule noveli njengoba uhlobo (futhi kuhlanganise "Imfihlo Umlando" DEBUT). Futhi ngisho izakhi umphenyi lelandzisako, Uma unganakile, abaluleke kakhulu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziba ubala. Ngakho singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi umbhali uye wanquma ukuhlola yena in isici esisha zokudala. Kuleso isinqumo salo mbhali Ukuqagela uthando zokucwaninga, okuyinto njalo Donna Tartt. "Little eyodwa," kuthatha umfundi ekuqaleni 70s.

Uhlamvu main uyintombazane uHarriet kancane. URebheka washeshe eshonelwe umfowabo, owafa ngaphansi kwezimo ezibuhlungu. Lo mcimbi - kuphela isandulela inoveli, okuyinto eyabhalwa Donna Tartt. "Little Friend" - incwadi ukuthi utshela indaba akukho mayelana ukuxazulula ubugebengu (njengoba kuvamile umphenyi izindaba), nokubonisa umntwana ekhula nezimo ezidabukisayo.

Growing uHarriet

umndeni uHarriet sika babenza konke okusemandleni ukuze uyisuse ezingozini nezwe elingaphandle, sesivele kwabulala umzalwane wakhe. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-intombazane has ikhulele izihlobo yenkampani iyagula. Donna Tartt, njengoba ngaso sonke isikhathi, enemininingwane futhi ngobuchwepheshe echazwe isipiliyoni uhlamvu wakhe kulo lonke inoveli, ukuthi kuqinisa umphumela kungazwakali okwenzekayo encwadini kuphela.

UHarriet ngamandla lizwakalise singene ezweni zabo Friend kancane, uzama ukuthola indlela yokuphuma amandla zezingane kanye ilukuluku. Ekugcineni, unquma ukuba bathathe uphenyo kukamfowabo. Kodwa into eyinhloko ayikona ukuhlanganisa ngisho incwadi. Ukuba Wedwa kuza ngesikhathi lapho intombazane ekhula futhi Uzithola ubuso nobuso nezwe elingaphandle kakhulu, kusuka kulo wafihla izihlobo wethukile. Ngakho-ke, lo msebenzi ungase futhi ukuthi lalotshwa uhlobo inoveli zemfundo noma inoveli yokukhula. Kusukela kuqala ikhasi yokugcina yencwadi Donna Tartt ngobuciko ubonisa indlela ingane kwangaphakathi uyafa uHarriet, okwadingeka ukuba abhekane nezinkinga ezingalindelekile ngaphandle ekhaya ethokomele nge izincwadi kanye inkumbulo umzalwane bamuka.

"Goldfinch"

Eyesithathu futhi umbhali inoveli zokugcina namuhla - "Goldfinch" - yanyatheliswa kuyi-US ngo-2013 (kamuva ngonyaka uvele translation eliphezulu ngesiRashiya). Lokho sikhathi ahlinzekwa abalifundayo Donna Tartt? "Goldfinch" Buyekeza futhi ngomdlandla. Izibuyekezo futhi imfudumalo omphakathi ukuthi umbhali American waphinda lifinyelele impumelelo okufanele. Ikakhulukazi, incwadi iwine ohlonishwa Pulitzer Prize ngo-2014.

Umbhali wakhetha igama ngokuthi kukhulunywa Umdwebo abadumile ngomculi Dutch kwekhulu XVII. Imidwebo ngu Carel Fabritius udlala indima ebalulekile isiphetho protagonist lomunye Romana Tartt.

Ngokwale ndaba, uTheo Decker ephaphama ngemva ukuqhuma esabekayo emazweni iMetropolitan Museum of Art - omunye ezikhangayo main yamasiko eNew York. Dying ixhegu wamnika icici kakhulu isithombe Fabricius ewanika bawuthwale wakhe aphume esakhiweni. Decker manje kudingeka unqume ukuthi wenzani nge indwangu abadumile. Ukuze wenze lokhu kumele ukuvakashela izindawo eziningi zomhlaba - kusukela Holland ukuze ukugembula e-Las Vegas.

Kule ncwadi, ukuze isethi amasu esithandayo kwezobuciko Donna Tartt wabuya. "Goldfinch" (izibuyekezo okuxubile noveli, kodwa iningi kusadingeka uhlamvu positive) kwenza indaba ibhaleke eqinile. Umfundi unethuba ubone indlela kokushintsha ezizokwehlela abantu, osemusha lapho eshiya ngaphandle izihlobo futhi okhathalelayo. Street, umphakathi wanamuhla namaqiniso okuphila zayo nezenzo ... Lapho kungenza ikusasa? Othile abalwamukelanga inoveli: Yini enye engcono encazelweni yokuba umlutha? Yebo, umbono, bathi, kuyathakazelisa, kodwa kuyisicefe indaba futhi endaweni ethile some Ezimisele kuveza zefilosofi mpendulwano eside. Othile benamandla umnyombo, ukuze amathiphu sezipikili. Amazwana zokugcina kungenziwa kanje: incwadi enhle, ezijulile, eliphezulu, eyabhalwa ukukhanya, unesithakazelo izilimi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, impumelelo yokuthengisa olukhombisa ukuthi isitayela ehlukile yomlobi American namanje ziphoqa phakathi umphakathi ukufunda emhlabeni wonke.