Battle of Issus: texte impi

Battle of Issus senzeka eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 eyinkulungwane edlule futhi kwaba ngelinye lamavesi abaluleke kunawo wonke ekunqotshweni Asia ngu-Alexander the Great. Naphezu remoteness sigameko, ukuze baye basinda amaqiniso ahlukahlukene ngalokhu Lolu usuku olubalulekile. Isizathu siwukuthi le mpi wanikeza umoya omusha kuya Macedonian Empire, okuyinto yena, uye waba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni impucuko kanye Izindawo Amaqembu ezizwe eningizimu eYurophu nase-Asia.

izizathu

Inkosi yaseMakedoniya uPhilip kwadingeka izinguquko eziningana abalulekile, isimo eyodwa, futhi sanda isibalo amasosha avamile. Wandisa lizwe, lanqoba izwe eningizimu nasempumalanga. Ngemva kokunqoba kuka-lizisho Philippe ekugcineni umemezele yena njengendlela umkhuzi juqu futhi umbusi, futhi saseMakedoniya - njengoba amandla lesifunda eqinile. Ngemva kokufa kwenkosi, esikhundleni sakhe sathathwa ngu-Alexander ngaleyo ngubani kusukela zisencane nengxenye emikhankasweni kayise. Ngokushesha ngemva wokugcotshwa kwakhe, waqala ukunqoba asebenzayo. Kingdom ngokuqhubekayo ezikhulayo. Futhi eminyakeni engu-30, u-Alexander yahlasela yasePheresiya. Wamelana ababusi bezifunda wendawo owanqoba impi Macedonian kalula. Alexander ngokushesha waragela phambili, kwaba cishe ngaphandle kokuphikiswa.

Conquest yasePheresiya

KukaDariyu inkosi namaPheresiya ngalesi sikhathi wabutha impi enkulu ukunikeza wenqaba esiwujuqu ngamaKristu aseMakedoniya. Ngalesi sikhathi ngoxhaxha wenza kuphangwa njalo ogwini eduze Straits yaseHellespont. KwabaseMakedoniya ebengekhe akwazi kubo ngoba ukulawula emadolobheni amaningana ase-Asia Minor.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukwesaba nomthelela omkhulu ovela ngemuva emotweni, u-Alexander enquma lokuqala bazivikele. Esikhundleni ushona endaweni yasePheresiya, siyaphenduka futhi uya kolunye uhlangothi kucabangela yonke imizi WasePheresiya. Injongo igunya lokuba komnikazi port, ngoba zisekelwe isitha imikhumbi. Ukuphuca namaPheresiya samandla ukuvumela aklaba nokuqiniswa eseMakedoniya ukuza ngaphandle kwezinkinga, u-Alexander ithumba lonke ugu.

Amandla amaqembu: namaPheresiya

UDariyu bahlangana ngempela abaningi nesandla esinamandla. Ngenxa yalesi, waqhubeka umbuso wakhe futhi mathupha baqondisa iqoqo amasosha. Phakathi namaPheresiya amabutho abangu waqoqa futhi ezizweni anqoba ngazo. YasePheresiya ngaleso sikhathi wayenothile kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa ngalo namazwe angomakhelwane. Umqondo okunethezeka kwakukhona izikhathi eziningana ephakeme kunaleyo ikuphi. Igolide nesiliva avunyelwe uDariyu ukuqasha hoplites ngesiGreki. Lokhu elihamba esindayo amaGreki wayedume ukumelana kwakhe ukuya empini. Hoplites abehlome ngezibhamu nemikhonto eside, isihlangu 8-kg kanye izinkemba lulwimi ngqo (izindwani ngaphansi ahlose). Njengoba zempi wasebenzisa izembatho zesosha eqinile nezigqoko esindayo. Battle of Issus, ngesiphakamiso sokuba namaPheresiya, baletha, kwaba ukunqoba kulabo uzokwazi push abaphikisi ezintabeni. Ngakho-ke, umumo wawo kungathi izinkulungwame 10 waqasha amaGreki, owayefuna ukuthatha revenge for the kokunqotshwa ngesikhathi u-Alexander Hiren, uDariyu ukubeka esikhungweni yebutho lakhe. On kwamaphiko kwaba elihamba Persian esakhiwa ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu kanye nalawo agibela amahhashi. Kwakubuye kube yisibonakaliso lenqwaba amasosha ezizweni yanqotshwa. Kwaphela eside isikhathi bemi ngemuva front line e amayunithi nime njalo tribal, ngaphandle kokubheka ubudala noma izigaba qualitative. Sikhishwe ukusekelwa lapho impi yaqala lapho u-Issa, ngaphansi banner kaDariyu abantu abayizinkulungwane 100.

Amandla amaqembu: kwabaseMakedoniya

Alexander wafika elihamba ngamashumi amathathu anamahlanu amawaka anesihlanu amawaka nalawo agibela amahhashi. Iningi lazo yayilukhuni ezimpini hoplites. elihamba Heavy isinyathelo kahle ukuze bashaya omunye umzimba owodwa. Abaningi wabiza Amasosha Battle of Issa. Aleksandr Makedonsky wafika kungathi izinkulungwane ezimbili namaqaba, cishe baqashwa kuwo Sarmatians noma amaSkithe. Kanye izinkulungwane engumKrethe yabacibishelayo.

impi

Ngo Senzeka ngamuphi unyaka impi ye Issus, kuphela ukuze izinkumbulo kaDiodorus futhi Curtius ezaziwayo. Inguqulo evamile - 333 BC. Ibutho namaPheresiya kwakungenjongo yokuba, ngaphansi isembozo bay. UDariyu wayenethemba lokuthi komfula omncane ziphazamise ukukhuthazwa abaseMakedoniya, ukuphakama zezinombolo kudlala indima juqu. Nokho, impi yaphela endaweni ezandleni Alexander. Walungisa ikakhulukazi ezintabeni, it is kokubeka coast ewumngcingo yamaPheresiya.

KwabaseMakedoniya Okokuqala waqhubeka kuhlasela. I ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu eyayihamba phakathi tie ayingozi kakhulu ingxenye ibutho wasePheresiya. Uma they finyelela okuthile komfula omncane, badlula ke waqala ukugibela futhi bangena emkhunjini. Kube hoplites mercenary wafuna ukuba baphonse emuva ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu. Nokho, ukuba inzuzo zezinombolo, yena kancane waqhubekela phambili. Ngalesi sikhathi phezu flank kwesokunxele ehlaselwa Thessalian abakhwele amahhashi, kusekelwa elihamba isiGreki kwakunenqaba yabaseThrace. Amahhashi namaPheresiya ngokushesha waqala ashona.

Igalelo juqu washaywa getayrtsami eholwa Aleksandru ephakathini lakhe siqu - umzimba isihlangu-zikhundla. abakhwele amahhashi Heavy ngokushesha okukhulu ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa lonke kophiko lwesokunxele yamaPheresiya ezungezile hoplites ngesiGreki. The Battle of Issa beyibonakala iwine. Nokho, babelingana namaPheresiya wanquma ukuhlasela. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Alexander mathupha indlela yakhe enkosini yakwa namaPheresiya, futhi labaleka ngenxa yokwesaba. It baxosha bonke abantu bempi kanye WasePheresiya. KwabaseMakedoniya waxosha namaqaba, yaphela Battle of Issus. Usuku ukunqotshwa uDariyu kungazange kufinyelele izikhathi zethu.