CPR lekhontile amaningi: Izibonelo

I-syntax isiRashiya , isakhiwo imishwana nemisho. Kulesi abukhuni kanye ngokuvamile kubangela ukwakhiwa izimpawu zokubhala design tinhlobo letehlukene temisho ayinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezintathu noma yekwenta ngaphezulu. , Cabanga ethize izibonelo izinhlobo CPR nge lekhontile amaningi izindlela yokukhulumisana izingxenye eziyinhloko nezesekeli, ukubeka imithetho e zokuloba yabo.

umusho lolukhuni: Definition

Ukuze abonise ngokucacile umbono sisebenzisa ezahlukene syntaxes. Inxanxathela isiphakamiso libhekene iqiniso ukuthi akhonjwe ezimbili noma ngaphezulu isilandiso ingxenye. Kungenzeka okulingana nomunye noma ukungena ubuhlobo ukuncika. CPR - ke siphakamiso, okuyinto kuncike ingxenye eyinhloko paranasal futhi elikulo esebenzisa subordinating tihlanganiso kanye / noma amagama azihlanganisa. Ngokwesibonelo, "[UStepan ekhathele kakhulu kusihlwa], (KUNGANI?) (Ngoba kwaba usuku hhayi amakhilomitha engaphansana kweshumi kude)." Lapha futhi ngezansi, le kubakaki isho ingxenye eyinhloko round - nasekuthengeni. Ngakho, e-NGN nge lekhontile eziningana ukwaba izingxenye okungenani ezintathu yekwenta, ezimbili zazo izodinga usizo lwenu, "[Village, (? YINI) (manje lidlule), wayaziwa kahle Andrei Petrovich], (KUNGANI?) (Ngenxa sasiqhutshelwa lapha nengxenye ezinhle zasebuntwaneni bakhe). " Kubalulekile ayichaze imingcele imisho elula, lapho udinga ukubeka amakhoma.

CPR nge ongaphansi amaningi

Ithebula izibonelo ukusiza ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo imishombici zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu noma ngaphezulu isilandiso.

Sizokwenza baqonde indlela ukucacisa uhlobo kwakuwukuthi NGN nge lekhontile eziningana. Lokhu kuzosiza sibonile ezibonelweni ezingenhla.

kuhanjiswa uhambisane

Emshweni "[Abafana uphuthunyiswe ukugijima emfuleni] ^1, (amanzi okuyinto vele ngokwanele sekuqala ukufudumala) ^2, (ngoba isinsuku bebelokhu bekushisa) ^3" lokuqala ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezintathu. Bese sebenzisa imibuzo ubudlelwane semantic: [... ^X] (lapho ^X ...), (ngoba ...). Siyabona ukuthi ingxenye yesibili uye savela ibe enkulu eyesithathu.

Nasi esinye isibonelo. "[Kuthebula kwaba vase ka izimbali zasendle], (okuyinto aqoqene guys), (lapho saya ehlathini uhambo)." Ukushayela le CPR ofuze owokuqala: [... ^X], (okuyinto ... ^X) (lapho ...).

Ngakho, ngamunye ngokulandelana iyunifomu okhonzile ingxenye incike kulowo odlule. WBS okunjalo nge lekhontile amaningi - izibonelo kufakazelwe - okusikhumbuza neketanga, lapho isixhumanisi ngamunye okwalandela unamathele libeke phambili.

Parallel (inhomogeneous) bazithobe

Kulokhu, zonke lekhontile ezihlobene main (kubo bonke noma ingxenye yendlela khona), kodwa aphendule imibuzo ezahlukene futhi ezahlukene value. "(Ukukhuluma Lapho isikhulumi iqede), ¹ [kuthule ihholo] ^2, (ngoba umphakathi uye washaqeka wezwa) ^3". Ake sihlaziye lo WBS nge lekhontile amaningi. Isikimu izobukeka (lapho ...) [... ^X], (kusukela ...). Siyabona ukuthi ingxenye yokuqala paranasal (yena eme phambi main) isho isikhathi, kanti eyesibili - isizathu. Ngenxa yalokho, ngeke ukuphendula imibuzo ezahlukene. Isibonelo sesibili: "[ngokuqinisekile uVladimir namuhla kwadingeka afunde] ^1, (ngasiphi isikhathi isitimela sifika kusukela Tyumen) ^2, (ngesikhathi ukuhlangabezana umngane) ^3." Ingxenye yokuqala paranasal - izjasnitelnyh yesibili - mgomo.

ukuzithoba iyunifomu

Lokhu kunjalo lapho kufaneleka esifanisweni esisenze nabanye-syntax aziwayo. Uma ubhalisa PP namalungu ezifanayo futhi CS ezifana ne imithetho eziningana okhonzile ziyafana. Ngempela, lo musho "[U-Anton kukhulunywa ngalo] ^1, (ukuthi ukusekelwa ngokushesha sifike) ² futhi (udinga nje ukubekezela kancane) ^3" ongaphansi ingxenye - 2 kanye 3rd - basonta ngezwi elifanayo, banesibopho lo mbuzo, "lokho?" futhi kokubili izjasnitelnyh. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basuke oxhumene nge nenyunyana phambi kwako kungabe kusaba ukhefana. Mela ke njengoba iphethini: [... ^X], (ukuthi ...) kanye (...).

I WBS nge lekhontile okuningi kwakuwukuthi iyunifomu phakathi amayunithi ongaphansi ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa, iyiphi izihlanganiso wokuxhumanisa - imitsetfo yetimphawu tekubhala ziyefana ekuklanyweni amalungu eyohlobo - kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi ngokuphelele futhi subordinative engxenyeni yesibili. Ngokwesibonelo, "[Sekuyisikhathi eside wema efasiteleni futhi wabheka] ^1, (njengoba indlu enye ngemva kwenye eshayela imoto) no ² (abasebenzi zithululwe zokwakha) ^3."

WBS nge lekhontile amaningi izinhlobo ezahlukene kwakuwukuthi

Isikhathi esining impela, njengengxenye umusho eziyinkimbinkimbi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezine noma ngaphezulu. Kulokhu, bayakwazi ukuxoxa nalaba nomunye ngezindlela ezahlukene. Bheka isibonelo ithebula: "[Nastya okwesibili kabusha ukufunda incwadi (okuyinto bathuthumela ezandleni zakhe) ^2, futhi ngacabanga] ^1, (manje okuzodingeka ukuba baphume) ^3, (ukuthi uthemba impilo entsha asizange sigcwaliseke) ⁴ ". Lokhu parallel isiphakamiso (inhomogeneous) (n 1,2,3-4) futhi iyunifomu (U 2,3,4) bazithobe [... ^X (okuyinto, ...), ... ^X], (ukuthi ...), (... ukuthi ). Noma enye indlela: "[Wonke indlela, Tatiana wathi lutho futhi nje bebambe ngefasitela] ^1, (okuyiwona kubaneka encane, eduze zishiyane komunye nomunye emizaneni) ^2, (lapho abantu babematasa) kanye ³ (umsebenzi ngokugcwele jika) ^4)." Lokhu umusho lolukhuni ne serial (P P 1,2,4 futhi 1,2,3) futhi iyunifomu (U 2,3,4) bazithobe [... ^X], (okuyiwona, ...), (lapho ...) kanye (... ).

Iphumuti eslphambanweni Izinyunyana

Ukuze uhlele izimpawu zokubhala e imishombici, ngokuvamile esanele ayichaze imingcele izingxenye yekwenta. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi ngokuvamile limelela zokuloba NGN amaningi okhonzile - izifunda izibonelo: [... ^X], (ezifana (nabo ...), khona-ke (lapho (okuyinto ...), ...) noma [... ^X], [... ^X] ...) - lapho kukhona inyunyana ezimbili subordinating (inyunyana izwi). Lena ejwayelekile ukuhanjiswa ezilandelanayo. Kulokhu, udinga ukuba banake khona ingxenye inyunyana double ngemisho yesibili. Ngokwesibonelo, "[On usofa wahlala incwadi evulekile] ^1, (okuyinto, (uma isikhathi ngakwesokunxele) ^3, Constantine ngabe uchubeke ufundze uyofika ekugcineni) ^2". Eyesibili kukho: "[Ngiyafunga] ^1, (ukuthi (uma ngifika emuva kusuka ekhaya uhambo) ^3, qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela wena bakutshele konke ngokuningiliziwe) ^2." Lapho sisebenzelana WBS ezifana ne lekhontile amaningi elandelayo imithetho. Uma isigatshana sesibili kungenziwa ayifakiwe isiphakamiso, ngaphandle kokubukela phansi okushiwo ukhefana phakathi kwezinyunyana (kanye / noma amagama ahlangene) ibekwe - uma kungenjalo lingekho. Uma sibuyela esibonelweni lokuqala: "[incwadi elele phezu kombhede] ¹ (okuyinto wayesenesikhathi sokufunda ngokusebenzisa) ^2". Esimeni sesibili, exclusion ingxenye kolimi iziphakamiso okhonzile yesibili uzoboniswa zaphazanyiswa elithi "i".

kufanele sikhumbule

A umsizi omuhle ukufunda CPR nge lekhontile eziningana - izivivinyo ezisiza ukuhlanganisa lo ulwazi aluthola. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza ngokuvumelana algorithm.

1. Funda ngokucophelela isiphakamiso ukuqoka ke lezisekelo nemithetho yolimi nendlela ucacise imingcele izingxenye yekwenta (imisho elula).
2. Khetha zonke izindlela zokuxhumana, ungakhohlwa mayelana izingxenye noma ukusetshenziswa eziningana izinyunyana.
3. Ukuze usungule uxhumano nezingxoxo ezinenjongo phakathi izingxenye: ukwenza lokhu, okokuqala ukuthola ekhaya, khona-ke uwubeke udaba (s) kuya okhonzile (of th).
4. Yakha circuit kuboniswe imicibisholo yakhe kwencika izingxenye komunye nomunye, ukuze bawubeke zibabazo. Dlulisa okhefana kule nesicelo esibhaliwe.

Ngakho, ukunaka ekwakhiweni kanye nokuhlaziywa (kuhlanganise izimpawu zokuloba) umusho lolukhuni - NGN nge ongaphansi amaningi ngqo - nangokuthembela izici ezingenhla lokhu-syntax ukuqinisekisa ukubulawa efanele imisebenzi ehlongozwayo.