Vespertilio: incazelo, ukusatshalaliswa, isithombe

Vespertilio - ilulwane wosayizi omncane emkhayeni Vespertilionidae. Ngaphandle lokhu isilwane akuyona ezikhangayo kakhulu, kodwa i isakhiwo ezithakazelisayo futhi ukuziphatha iyingqayizivele kule zilwane. Yingakho-ke iyathakazelisa abaningi abathandi animal.

ukusabalala

Vespertilio basakaza maphakathi nangasentshonalanga yeYurophu, e-Asia, ahlala endaweni ye-Ukraine. It ukhetha ukuphila emahlathini, emathafeni nezintaba ezingaphansi kolwandle. Ngezinye izikhathi ezitholakala emadolobheni amakhulu. Lolu hlobo luvikelwe nemvelo reserves futhi ezivikelwe emhlabeni wonke, njengoba olukhulu yokuqothulwa. Lokhu kubangelwa isimo saqala ukushintsha kule sezulu sembulunga yonke, zinambuzane, kanye nabantu ezimbi maqondana zonke izinhlobo amalulwane.

idatha eqondile ngenani Kozhanov eqoshiwe. Ziyakwazi wahlukana ngaphezulu. Vespertilio ehlobo luhlala izihlahla eziyize, attics, izikhala ngaphansi uphahla, idwala imifantu nokunye .. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi amagundane ukwabelana nendawo yokuhlala yabo nabanye amalulwane. Zitholakala eNgilandi France, Norway futhi eRussia emaphakathi, Iran neChina, ukuze zaseHimalaya. Ezindaweni eziningi kubhekwe uhlobo langanakuvikeleka ezimbili ithoni isikhumba. IRed egwalweni Perm esifundeni, isibonelo, eminyakeni embalwa edlule iye yacebisa lezi zilwane.

Buka ayiqondakali kahle, kodwa kukhona kokuqagela ukuthi Ingxenye Elinombala Bat imuke ebusika kuya eningizimu. Found ezimbili ebusika zalezi izilwane Perm esifundeni kanye emihumeni Bashkortostan. Kukhona ulwazi mayelana ubusika emihumeni le Sverdlovsk esifundeni.

ukubukeka

Vespertilio ubude ingeqi amasentimitha ayisithupha nesigamu, ne-span amaphiko ayo ifinyelela ngamasentimitha amathathu nantathu. isisindo sesilwane kuhluka nambili amabili nane amagremu. Lokhu igundane emhlane waso kuyinto konsundu nge ukusaphazela izinwele abomvu, noboya. On esiswini, yena unalo luhlaza lemicu empunga elinamathela othini.

Wings ngokuphawulekayo ayisesemikhulu, izindlebe ububanzi futhi round. Iminyaka yokuphila kwabantu iminyaka emihlanu kuya kwabayishumi nambili. Izandla ifakwe ulwelwesi izindiza, okuyinto inamathelisiwe ngasesinqeni se iminwe. Kakhulu athuthukile izindwani superciliary.

Vespertilio: ukuziphatha

Lesi silwane kuqale umsebenzi wokufuna emva isigamu sehora ngemva kokushona kwelanga, kodwa ngokuvamile lapho kuqala ukuhwalala ezijulile. ubusuku bonke yena kuzingelwa, flying endaweni engamamitha angaba amashumi amathathu amamitha ngaphezu emaphethelweni kanye ezivulekile, eduze kwemihosha entabeni, phakathi kwemithi, phezu emaqeleni ngisho amanzi. Flying fast kakhulu, efana flying vechornytsi.

Vespertilio kuzingelwa usebenzisa ultrasonic vibration imvamisa 25 kHz. Lapho isimo sezulu kubanda kakhulu noma kunomoya, isikhumba ungeqa ekuzingeleni. Ezindaweni lapho isikhumba sandile kakhulu, ke ulawula labantu ezinye izinambuzane.

Ngoba lezi amalulwane nale, abacwaningi eqoqwe ulwazi olwanele. Ngesikhathi ngokuzala amankonyane nabesifazane beyokwakha amakoloni encane, ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, amaqoqo amakhulu, ezihlanganisa abantu abangamashumi ayisihlanu. Amaqembu besilisa bengase bazikhandlele izilwane amabili namashumi ayisihlanu, kodwa ngokuvamile uthanda ukuba yedwa.

Ngokuvamile Kozhany uthuthe, flying ibanga elide (cishe izinkulungwane isigamu amakhilomitha). Kusukela ngo-October kuya ku-March, Ingxenye Elinombala Bat hibernates. Yokucashisa lezi amagundane, ngokuvamile wedwa, futhi idluliselwe izinga lokushisa -2,6 ° C. Ngokusho nekubaluleka kwalo kutemnotfo Kozhany njengoba izilwane ewusizo - ukubhubhisa izinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi.

zokusindisa mode

Eminyakeni yamuva, ukwehla kwenani lezi zilwane. Isizathu salokhu iyona eziyinkimbinkimbi yezici yabantu: imikhawuko izindawo zokuhlala ohlelweni izakhiwo zesimanje, sesimanje zezakhiwo ezindala, uphawu elisophahleni, ekubhubhiseni inani elikhulu labantu indoda ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane esetshenziselwa delousing nezinkuni ukulondolozwa.

Ngo-2011, lolu hlobo ukuthi agcwaliswa Red Incwadi ye-Ukraine. Kozhan bicolor oluvikelwe kulo lonke ezingcwele futhi alondoloza yezwe njengoba lwezilwane ezisengozini, uthambekela ukwehla labantu. A ukuvinjelwa gibernatsiynyh ukukhathazeka futhi Nzalo amakoloni. Olwenziwe umkhankaso kwemvelo. Kozhan ezimbili umbala efakwe ohlwini e Red List of the EUROBATS, IUCN, kanye Isijobelelo II we Bern Convention.