Thina namanje bazi okuncane abantu abahlala emajukujukwini olwandle

Life akupheli, efana yonke uqobo. Namuhla, lo mbono ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga yesayensi nezisetshenziswa lobuchwepheshe uya eba theorem provable. Kodwa eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili edlule e umuntu obuza umbuzo ophila ekujuleni kolwandle zaziyoba ibukeke phezu uhlanya. Khona-ke umbono okubusa izwe ayengacabangi ukuphila emanzini ngaphandle oksijini ziyoncibilika, futhi kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, emngceleni wenziwa eshalofini ulwandle, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ngezansi yayo iyiphi flora noma nezilwane bengekho.

Kodwa njengoba isikhathi sihamba, futhi kwakukhona ubufakazi abatelekile bokuba khona ukuphila ekujuleni amnyama kwezilwandle. Ngo-1850, eziningana izilwane ezijulile-ibanjwe ikhilomitha ukujula. Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, i-Intambo yocingo, nge ephakanyiswe-ikhilomitha amabili ukujula, wathola nje phezu abambalwa izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo. Ngo-1899, emhlabeni yesayensi lokuqala oluye lwaboniswa izinhlanzi olwandle olujulile, buthule elintantayo kwi ukujula emithathu ikhilomitha futhi ubufakazi obuqand 'ikhanda bokuba khona ukuphila kabili ezijulile.

Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka nesigamu-elilandelayo ososayensi babeqiniseka ukuthi ngezansi ekujuleni kolwandle (6000 metres) khona kanye phansi olwandle, noma kunalokho imisele yayo, ukuphila akulona ngenxa yokucindezela omkhulu. Khona-ke kudingeka iminyaka emithathu kuphela ukuze siphikise lesi kwesisekelo. Ngo-1958, iSoviet isitsha lokuhlola amanzi "Hero" ukubamba 7.5 km izinhlanzi engaziwa ukujula, ngo-1959, futhi baye bakhuliswa 10-ikhilomitha ka-shellfish ukujula. Ekugcineni, ngo-1960, phansi Mariana Trench - iphuzu ejulile kwezilwandle - saya bathyscaphe "Trieste" Don Walsh futhi Zhak Pikar. Phinda feat yabo kamuva ngaphezu kwesigamu wedwa kwaphela ikhulu leminyaka, odumile ifilimu umqondisi Dzheyms Kemeron njengoba kulinganiswa ifuna banciphise umfutho wamanzi undize uye kwenye iplanethi. Njengamanje bobathathu ngamehlo ayo ebona, ophila ekujuleni kolwandle.

Yebo, uhlobo, okwesabisayo ukubukeka kwakhe, kodwa namanje ukuphila kuchuma lapha, lapho kungekho ukukhanya kwelanga (it is ngokuphelele kwashabalala ngomunye ukujula ikhilomitha), ingcindezi ku 1072 umoya - kabili njengoba ku Venus, iplanethi esiwugwadule kakhulu esimisweni sonozungezilanga, futhi izinga lokushisa lamanzi kuphela degrees ambalwa ngaphezu okokuqandisa iphuzu.

Ukuba phansi ekujuleni kolwandle abe skeleton soft: lokhu calcium ezijulile eyanele yokwakha, futhi akudingeki-ke - akukho injabulo, bashayisana ngezikhathi ezithile ngamathayi ezikhishiwe. Kwezinye amehlo izinhlanzi ngaphandle kokukhanya atrophied ngokuphelele, abanye hlala cishe ingxenye eyodwa ekhanda. Abanye abamele nezilwane ekujuleni kolwandle bheka ungenalutho fiend. Kodwa lo mbono - hhayi ukwesabisa Homo sapiens. Iminyaka engaphezu ukuthi 52 baye bavakashela lapha kane eminyakeni engaphansi kwengu-4 enyangeni. Vele izilwane ezidla ezinye kunzima ukondla, kungakho eside, namazinyo abukhali (ukuze ukukhiqizwa akuyona waphula) nomlomo omkhulu.

Phakathi kwalabo abahlala emajukujukwini olwandle, ngokwanele kufanele izitho elikhazimulayo. Ngosizo lezi zinambuzane ezijulile ikhanyisa indlela yabo, ukuyengela inyamazane uvalo izitha ukuxhumana nomunye futhi kuqondiswa. Lasekuqaleni kakhulu izinhlanzi ingashintshwa ezihlobene Angler. Banezinhliziyo neseleko umzimba ekupheleni elihlala iyikoloni ukhunta akhazimula. Waving it like a flashlight, Anglers bakhangwa eduze izinhlanzi abangaqaphile uyeza ukuwondla. Futhi igama svetyaschezubogo Angler liyazikhulumela: lokhu nomzingeli kwanele ukuba embule umlomo, ukulinda kuze kube zaplyvet izinhlanzi kulolu gibe bukhoma, yavala!

Okusanda, ngo-March 2013, kwabikwa ku dive yimpumelelo phansi Mariana Trench ekujuleni kolwandle irobhothi. Ezihlukahlukene zalabo abahlala ekujuleni kolwandle ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ososayensi unesithakazelo ikoloni amagciwane. Ngokutadisha kubo, abacwaningi ozama ukuthola, kungenzeka lezi zinhlobo zokuphila zikhona kwamanye amaplanethi. Phela, ngokuvumelana idatha yakamuva ku inyanga Jupiter sika, e-Europe, futhi inyanga Saturn sika, Enceladus, ngaphansi ungqimba obukhulu ice, cishe, kukhona izilwandle ...