"Naloxone": yokusetshenziswa, nozakwabo yangempela

Zokwelapha, kunezimo lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa Imiphumela indlela abasabela overdosing noma engemihle izitho ezihlukahlukene futhi izinhlelo. Isikhathi esining impela yezinkinga ezifana elihlobene ne izidakamizwa opioid. Ukuze luhambe ngokushesha uhlelo ehoxile umzimba, odokotela basebenzisa imithi ekhethekile. Izidakamizwa "Naloxone" - ithuluzi ukusiza ukuthuthukisa isimo nge ukweqisa izidakamizwa of analgesics opioid. Yini-ke ikuphi lo mshini wezenzo zawo? Ake sizame ukuqonda lezi zinkinga.

Incazelo izidakamizwa, ukwakheka kanye ifomu

Medicine "Naloxone" Umsebenzisi Isicelo iphathelene opioid yokwamukela isitha. imfuyo yayo esebenzayo naloxone hydrochloride. amafomu Isikali ukuthi zingatholakala emakethe weenhlahla, akuyona ahlukahlukene kunjalo, isixazululo umjovo kanye amaphilisi. Laba kakhulu kuyaqabukela lisetshenziswe umkhuba emtholampilo. I ewuketshezi kwezokuphatha emthanjeni noma esicutshini, ngokuphambene zithandwa kakhulu. Ukwakheka ikhambi, ngaphezu isithako esebenzayo, kuhlanganisa iqoqo izingxenye ejwayelekile elisizayo, i-sodium chloride, amanzi ahlanzekile, acid organic nosawoti yalo.

Iyatholakala izidakamizwa "Naloxone" ecacile ingilazi ampoules 1 ml ivolumu ngamunye. Ubuningi kwakwakhe okusebenzayo umthamo owodwa kuyinto 0.4 mg.

umkhiqizo Phama ukunquma nentaba iphakethe varnished nge esobala plastic cap of aluminium ucwecwe noma ngaphandle kwalo. Pack ngamunye liphetheni 5 vials.

1 noma 2 izifunda amaphakheji ezibekwe ebhokisini amakhadibhodi, kanye yokusetshenziswa zomuthi kanye ampulnam Lancet. Uma izitsha eziyisikhombisa anemisila indandatho ekhethekile noma iphuzu ukwa, imimese ukuvulwa abo ebhokisini ungafaki.

Lo mshini wezenzo zomuthi "Naloxone"

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lesi sidakamizwa "Naloxone" Umsebenzisi Isicelo iphathelene abamelene ka-receptor opioid. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ejenti uyakwazi ivimbela lezi ezenza, ngaleyo ndlela asuse izenzo emaphakathi kanye neuropathy zezakhi kusukela iqembu opioids. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa uma iqondiswa kungabangela nokuqaleka in iziguli yizidakamizwa.

Uma usebenzisa "Naloxone" isixazululo, okuyinto mshini wezenzo ezichazwe ngenhla, umphumela kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifushane. Lapho ngemithambo yegazi iqondiswa izidakamizwa kuyokwenzeka e imizuzu 1-2, esicutshini emva kwemizuzu 5. Ubude nomphumela oqabulayo ngenkathi futhi ancike umzila solution abaphathi. Uma isixazululo ayiswa imisipha, umuthi usebenza cishe imizuzu engu-45, naphezu umjovo emthanjeni - akukho ngaphansi kuka 4 amahora.

Ochwepheshe zivame kakhulu yasetshenziswa ekwelapheni iziguli "Naloxone" isixazululo. Tablets, ngokuphambene, ababuthakathaka ibingaba eyesikhashana ngempela.

Isithako asebenzayo zomuthi ancibilikisa esibindini ukuze metabolites. Inkathi isigamu-nokuphila yayo incane, imizuzu 30-80 nje. 70% iqondiswa umthamo "Naloxone" excreted ngu izinso ezinsukwini ezingu-3.

Inzuzo enkulu lesi sidakamizwa "Naloxone" ubhekwa ukungakwazi ukwakheka kuncike kuye.

izinkomba

Kwezinye izimo, kuba Kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa "Naloxone"? Yokusetshenziswa zomuthi iqukethe uhlu oluningiliziwe izimo lapho ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuyinto efiselekayo kakhulu. Okokuqala, it is ezimisiwe iziguli ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa "Naloxone" (analogue nazo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa esikhathini postoperative) , kulesi simo kuyasiza ngokushesha ukuletha isiguli besesimweni imithi ubuthongo. "Naloxone" Umuthi isetshenziswa kanye ukuqeda imithelela Ethanol elinobuthi, analgesics ukweqisa izidakamizwa, barbiturates futhi benzodiazepines.

Ngokuvamile ukusetshenziswa kwalo senalungisiswa uma kuzalwa umntwana endaweni lapho unina ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwangena analgesics opioid. Njengomthetho, lezi zingane kukhona ubunzima ukuphefumula nokuguqulwa. Izidakamizwa "Naloxone" iwasusa futhi usiza kusebenze umsebenzi zokuphefumula. Isixazululo futhi avame ukusetshenziswa njengoba ithuluzi zokuxilonga ezimeni khona esolwa yizidakamizwa e isiguli.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isimo kuphela Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi thuluzi - izinkomba esiqinile. Yingakho kwezokwelapha isetshenziswa ngokuqinile ku somuthi nokusetshenziswa kwawo sikadokotela ngaphansi kweso lakhe.

Izimo

Phakathi contraindications ukusetshenziswa "Naloxone" imiyalelo ukulungiselela ukusetshenziswa libhekisela izimo nezifo ezilandelayo:

• Hypersensitivity ukuze ketshezi esebenzayo noma kwenye yezingxenye zomuthi;
• isifo senhliziyo (organic);
• isibindi ezinzima nesifo sezinso;
• kwencika ngokomzimba opoidnyh analgesics.

Okumele kuqashelwe kufanele libekwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye sezidakamizwa, njengoba nokuqaleka, okubangelwa nokwethulwa kwesixazululo kungathikameza kabi isimo fetus. Kuyefana nasendleleni ukusetshenziswa e izinsana zabo omama ngenkathi bekhulelwe, sidla izidakamizwa opoidnymi.

Kunoma ikuphi, izinzuzo izidakamizwa kufanele sibe ngaphezu naphezu kwengozi engase ivele yezinkinga esigulini. Sikhumbuza wena ukuthi kuphela umkhuba wokusebenzisa kadokotela izidakamizwa "Naloxone". Ngencwadi kadokotela ngendlela efanele udokotela ukuba khona, isiguli eqala akukho Izimo sina ukuze ukusetshenziswa kwalesi izidakamizwa.

Izindlela Yokusebenzisa kanye Isikali

Isikali futhi umzila yokuphathwa zinqunywa nguchwepheshe ngesisekelo isimo samanje wonke umzimba wesiguli. Sinikeza ezivamile lwemithi "Naloxone" isixazululo.

Overdosing izidakamizwa analgesic e abadala kudinga ukwethulwa 0.4 2 mg ukulungiselela (1-4 ampoules) ngemithambo yegazi noma intramuscularly. A umthamo owodwa izingane kubalwa okusekelwe isisindo somzimba, ke kufana 0.005-0.01 mg / kg.

Ukuze kokukhipha isiguli kusukela ubuthongo izidakamizwa olubangelwa (esikhathini postoperative), umuthi iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi e izamba ezilandelayo: omdala e umthamo 0.1 mg kulandele kabusha isingeniso nokuvulwa ukuphefumula ngesikhathi osithandayo, izingane - 0.01 mg esisindo / kg ukubuyisela ukuphefumula.

isixazululo Izinsana saphathwa ngemithambo yegazi, intramuscularly noma perkusionno e isamba 0.1 mg esisindo / kg esisodwa.

Uma kudingekile, izidakamizwa zokuxilonga ngokuvumelana izidakamizwa iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi ngesikhathi umthamo 0.08 mg.

ukusabela ezingezinhle

Phakathi la imiphumela emibi ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, "Naloxone" Umhlahlandlela ukhuluma kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• isicanucanu, mhlawumbe nge ukwakheka isifiso uhlanze;
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile;
• Ukundindizela kanye nokugoqana;
• ukujuluka.

In iziguli kwencika opioid, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kungabangela sohudo, yobuhlungu kwasendaweni ezingaziwa, ukuvuvukala mucosa acinene, umuzwa ukukhathala kakhulu, Ukugodola, isisu amajaqamba emathunjini. Lesi senzakalo ezibhekwa ejwayelekile ye izidakamizwa "ekuhlephuleni." Bona ukunwebisa amashumi amaningana of imizuzu.

Izidakamizwa analogue "Naloxone"

Kungenzeka yini ukuba esikhundleni yokwakheka izidakamizwa nokulungiselela okufanayo "Naloxone"? Analogue salesi sibhedlela samanje iyivela kancane. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa "Narcan" "Naltrexone", "Tsiklozotsin" futhi "Narkantin". izakhiwo zabo kwemithi, izinkomba kanye contraindications zifana ikhambi kanye amaphilisi "Naloxone". Ngakho-ke engathandeki ukuzisebenzisa khona yokungezwani komzimba e iziguli ekhuthaza ezifana naloxone hydrochloride.

Noma kunjalo, kukhona babe zako. Ngokwesibonelo, lesi sidakamizwa "Naltrexone" usebenza isikhathi eside (amahora angaba ngu-24) futhi iyatholakala ikakhulukazi ngesimo amaphilisi noma amaphilisi i-Ihora ngomlomo. It livame ukusetshenziswa esephepheni ekubeni umlutha nge lokuthunga amaphilisi ngaphansi kwesikhumba isixazululo.

Izibuyekezo sokulungiselela

Phakathi odokotela "Naloxone" isidakamizwa enedumela elihle. Ngokusho kwabo, kuyasiza ugcine iziguli eziningi uma kwenzeka ukweqisa izidakamizwa ngephutha noma ngamabomu izidakamizwa kusukela iqembu analgesics kanye / noma opioids. Naphezu inani elikhulu contraindications side effects, umuthi ubhekwa ophephile ukuyisebenzisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo yayo, uveze ezifihliwe yizidakamizwa.