Vasilevskiy Aleksandr: Biography futhi isikhundla

Ngokuthakazelisayo, i-Alexander Vasilevsky - Marshal kweSoviet Union futhi omunye ojenene ebaluleke kakhulu ye-USSR - ebusheni bakhe abakwazanga ukuthi angenza ukwenza umsebenzi emangalisa njengaleyo. Ligalelo ukunqoba eside elindelwe phezu eJalimane lobuNazi yayinkulu ngempela: e siyisinqumo esinzima kunazo zonke iminyaka likahulumeni waseSoviet yena ephethwe-General Abasebenzi, ukuthuthukisa emikhulu ezempi futhi wokuxhumanisa ukuqaliswa yabo.

Esakhula

Vasilevskiy Aleksandr Mihaylovich, ngokuvumelana imethrikhi, owazalwa ngo-1895, September 16 (isitayela ubudala). Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi wayecabanga ukuthi wazalwa kamuva ngosuku, okungukuthi kubalulekile ngawo wonke amaKristu Sokholo Festival, Ithemba Nothando, owawugujwa isitayela esisha 30 Septhemba. Iqiniso lokuthi unina wazalwa ngalolo suku, eyithandayo kakhulu. Mhlawumbe yingakho wabiza le usuku Umlando wakhe.

Vasilevskiy Aleksandr - ongowokuzalwa edolobhaneni okusha Golchikha (Kineshma County). Uyise, Mihail Aleksandrovich, wakhonza njengephayona Acolyte at St Nicholas edinovercheskie ethempelini, nonina - Sokolova Nadezhda Ivanovna - eyindodakazi umfundisi owayevela engumakhelwane emzaneni Uglets. Aleksandr Ros emkhayeni omkhulu, owabakhuphula abantwana eziyisishiyagalombili. WayeyiZwi ingane yesine.

Ngo-1897 umkhaya wathuthela le Novopokrovskiy emaphandleni, lapho ubaba ka-Alexander waba umpristi elalisanda kwakhiwa Ascension edinovercheskogo ethempelini. imfundo yamabanga aphansi kwaba marshal esizayo Isikole sezenkolo, ngo-1909 wathola iziqu ngempumelelo isikole zenkolo e Kineshma futhi engena esikoleni sobufundisi ka Kostroma.

Njengoba umfundi, wayesemsebenzini nyaka wathatha ingxenye in a abafundi isiteleka lonke ababemelene ukuvinjelwa ukungena emakolishi nasemanyuvesi. Ngalesi umbhikisho, yena nedlanzana labangane bakhe baxoshwa iziphathimandla Kostroma. Emuva esikoleni, wakwazi ukuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa, lapho ezinye izimfuneko sikole baye baneliswa yizimpendulo.

Kukhethwa mkhakha

Njengoba obonwa Wasilewski, umsebenzi yompristi wayengenasithakazelo, ngoba efuna ukusebenza ezweni bafuna isazi sezolimo noma Umdabuli. Kodwa amacebo washintsha ngokuzumayo, lapho Okokuqala Umhlaba.

Iziqubulo zokuzivikela of the ezweni ethumba kuyilapho iningi lentsha, yayiphumula futhi Vasilevskiy Aleksandr futhi ozakwabo zakhe. Ukuqedela sabefundisi ngonyaka ekuqaleni, yona nezingane eziningana ekilasini lidlule luhlolo kokugcina zangaphandle, futhi wabe eseqhubeka Alekseevskoe esikoleni ezempi.

Phakathi Umhlaba Okokuqala

Kakade ngoMeyi 1915, ngemuva Yiqiniso yashesha zokutadisha, nakho lwathatha izinyanga ezine kuphela, wanikwa isikhundla Iphoyisa futhi wathunyelwa ngaphambili. Waqala kanjalo-ke umlando lempi Vasilevskogo Aleksandra Mihaylovicha, le Marshal ikusasa eSoviet Union. Waqale wakhonza kwelinye izingxenye ezisele, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva kwaba phezu eNingizimu-Western Front, lapho aba umkhuzi polurotnym Novokhopersk eshalofini. Ukuze inkonzo enhle Vasilevsky ngokushesha ukhushuliwe okuthunyelwe kumlawuli inkampani, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi waqaphela njengoba the best ibutho.

Entwasahlobo ka-1916, yena namabutho akhe abamba iqhaza elidumile Brusilov ukuphumelela. Khona-ke ibutho Russian balahlekelwa esindayo, hhayi nje phakathi kwabasebenzi, kodwa futhi phakathi amabutho isikhulu. Ngakho, wamiswa Ibutho umkhuzi ukunikeza elisezingeni likakaputeni. Ukuba ngaphansi adjud Nou (Romania), u-Alexander Vasilevsky afunda ukuyenza esikhathini Russian Okthoba Revolution. Ngemva engabaza ngoNovemba 1917 ngesikhathi enquma ukushiya isevisi futhi uya eholidini.

impi yombango

Ekupheleni kuka-December walowo nyaka, Vasilevsky liyaziswa ukuthi ngesisekelo ke induna isimiso ukhetho, wakhethwa amasosha ka zalo 409 th Regiment, lolo ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa wayeyilungu ngaphambili-Romanian, futhi kwaba iphansi kwesandla sika-Jikelele Tcherbatcheff. Le ndoda yayihlale le-oshisekayo Central Rada, ekhulumela ukuzimela Ukraine. Kule ndaba, emnyango wezempi Kineshma belulekwa Vasilevsky angaphinde abuyele ibutho lwakubo. Ngaphambi omgundatshani iRed Army lapho abahlala emzini wabazali bakhe ukuthi, lapho umshado kwezolimo, bese wasebenza isikhathi esithile njengoba uthisha ezikoleni ezimbili aphansi esifundeni (sifundazwe Tula) Novosilsky.

Entwasahlobo ka-1919 Vasilevskiy Aleksandr ithunyelwa 4th Battalion njengothisha ofundisa Leli qembu, futhi kamuva nje ngenyanga, wamiswa induna lamabutho lamadoda ayikhulu nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi County Efremov (sifundazwe Tula) ukulwa nendluzula lezigilamkhuba zokubasiza ngokuba ukuqaliswa insalela.

Ehlobo ngalowo nyaka wathunyelwa Tula, lapho nje bakha elihamba division entsha. Ngesikhathi phambi eningizimu ne amatutu Jikelele Denikin esondela ngokushesha edolobheni. Vasilevsky waqokwa induna 5th Infantry Regiment. Nokho, yena namabutho akhe akuzange kudingeke ukuba ujoyine ekulweni Denikin, ngoba Southern Front angazange Tula, futhi wayeka Kromy futhi Eagle.

Impi nge White nabasePoland

Ekupheleni 1919 Tula Division wathunyelwa Western Front, lapho kwakukhona khona emzabalazweni kanye abahlaseli. Lapha u-Alexander Vasilevsky baba umlawuli umsizi we ibutho, futhi njengengxenye Army 15, ihlombe nehlombe namabutho akhe balwa ngesibindi nge White nabasePoland. Ngo-July ngawo lowo nyaka wathunyelwa emuva ibutho, lapho kanye wayekhonze. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Wasilewski abathintekayo kulo ekulweni Polish Army, zenzeka eduze Bialowieza Ihlathi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, okokuqala kuka-Alexander kwaba khona ezingqubuzana abaphathi bakhe. Iqiniso lokuthi umlawuli lamabutho O. I. Kalnin yamyala ukuba uthathe umyalo esezikwazi kakade lapho ngokungahlelekile Ziyancipha ibutho. I-oda edingekayo ukwenza esikhathini esifushane kakhulu isikhathi, futhi, ngokubona Vasilevsky, wenze kwaba akunakwenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho we izingxabano, wacishe ithole enkantolo yezempi, kodwa zonke yaxazululwa ngokuphepha, futhi kuphela ekuqaleni zehliswa ezikhundleni bese ukhansele oda lamabutho umkhuzi ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlanganyela ephathini

Ngemva kokuphela kwempi yombango, Vasilevskiy Aleksandr Mihaylovich, Biography iDemo okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi sihloko nengxenye ukuvalwa squad Bulaq Balakhovich futhi walwa nobudlova bamaqembu ezigilamkhuba endaweni esifundazweni Smolensk. Kuyo yonke le minyaka eyishumi ezayo, yena ngempumelelo wayala emashalofini ezintathu ngesikhathi esifanayo, amalungu 48 Infantry Division, kumi Tver.

Ngo-1927 kwaba elihamba ukuqeqeshwa Tactical, futhi ngemva konyaka, omunye regiments yakhe owayevelele ezimfundisweni emakwe ngokukhethekile wadala le njongo iqembu ukuhlolwa. Ngesikhathi aqondisa wesifunda ngo-1930, amabutho akhe futhi yabonisa kahle ngokwabo, kokuthola amaphuzu aphelele futhi zibalwa kuqala phakathi contender eziningi

It kungenziwa bazitshela ukuthi lezi impumelelo basuke ikakhulu kwaholela ukudluliswa yayo okusheshayo ukusebenza endlunkulu. Ngenxa yokuthi A. M. Vasilevsky waqala kungene ephakeme okuthunyelwe lempi, entry lwalo Communist Party kuba nesidingo. Wasebenzisa kuya Politburo. Ibuyekezwe ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi Alexander waba umfundi ukuze amalungu e-ANC. Nokho, ngenxa ukuhlanzwa 1933-1936 biennium. kuzothatha iqembu iminyaka embalwa kuphelé kamuva, ngo-1938, lapho uzosebenza Jikelele Abasebenzi.

izingxoxo ezibalulekile

Ngo-1937, Vasilevsky sathola isabelo esisha - induna Jikelele Abasebenzi lamahhovisi. Ngo-1939, wathatha elinye iposi - iphini induna uMnyango Operations. Kulesi isikhundla ubelokhu asathuthuka ukhetho lokuqala yalwa Finland, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi aliwa Stalin yena. Vasilevsky Alexander kwaba omunye abameleli be-USSR, waba nengxenye ezingxoxweni futhi basayine izivumelwano ukuthula Finns. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waya futhi ukutjheja imikhawulo emngceleni entsha phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili.

Ngo-1940, ngemva izisebenzi izinguquko eziningi e-General Abasebenzi kanye Yabantu Commissariat Wezokuvikela, waba iphini abakhulu Opreativnogo ukulawula futhi wathola isihloko division nomyali. Ngo-April walowo nyaka ofanayo he ngenela ngaphakathi the ukuthuthukiswa plan ephathelene kungenzeka yalwa eJalimane. Novemba 9, A. M. Vasilevsky njengengxenye ezibiyele ithimba eliholwa Vyacheslav Molotov, kwenza uhambo Berlin yezinkulumo nohulumeni German.

Ukuqala Patriotic Omkhulu

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala empini, uMajor General Vasilevsky wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ukuphathwa nokuthuthukiswa izinhlelo wezempi ukuze kuvikeleke ezweni lakithi. Njengoba wazi, u-Alexander kwaba omunye izibalo key abathintekayo enhlanganweni ekumeleleni dolobha likahulumeni waseSoviet futhi okwalandela esiphikisayo okuhlaselayo.

Ngo-October nango-November 1941, lapho isimo wezempi eduze eMoscow akuyona esisivunayo kanye Jikelele Abasebenzi zazikade zisusiwe khona, Vasilevsky wahola ibutho umsebenzi, inkonzo Amathenda egcwele. umsebenzi walo main kwaba ukuhlola ngokushesha futhi ngomqondo ovulekile zonke izenzakalo ezenzeka ngaphambili, ukuthuthukisa iziqondiso amasu kanye nohlelo silondoloze control esiqinile phezu ukubulawa kwabo, ukulungiselela, bese udala izinqolobane, kanye nokuhlinzeka bonke abantu ezidingekayo.

Impi yase-kwaseStalingrad

Ekuqaleni A. impi M. Vasilevskomu've izikhathi eziningana ukuba esikhundleni Chief usukhathele Jikelele Abasebenzi Shaposhnikov nokuthuthukisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezempi. Ngo-June 1942, emiswa kokuthunyelwe. Njengoba kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu Amathenda esikhathini kusuka 23 July kuya 26 Agasti futhi wayesezonikela ngo phambi nalehlanganisile isenzo ahlangene amayunithi ehlukahlukene yezempi esiteji ukuzivikela zempi kwaseStalingrad.

Ligalelo ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphelela ubuciko impi ngaleso sikhathi yayinkulu ngempela. Nakuba Zhukov ayelwa egibele Front Western, Vasilevsky ngempumelelo a counteroffensive at kwaseStalingrad. Ngemva kwalokho wathunyelwa eningizimu-ntshonalanga, lapho amabutho aseSoviet sibonisa nokuthi zingakanani Manstein iqembu. Ngeshwa, esihlokweni encane ayikwazi bhala yonke impumelelo ka-Aleksandru Mikhailovich ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, futhi, njengoba kufakazelwa umlando, babebaningi.

Alexander Vasilevsky: uthando ukuphila

Umkakhe wokuqala kwaba Serafima Nikolaevna voronova. Kulesi umshado indodana yakhe George wazalwa ngo-1924. Nakuba Vassilievo umkhaya wahlala Tver. Ngo-1931 u-Alexander Mikhailovich wayiswa eMoscow, lapho ahlangana khona nge Ekaterinoy Saburovoy, nomkakhe wesibili esizayo. Akazange asitshele kungekho omunye wabo wokuqala, njengoba ngaleso sikhathi awukashadi. iminyaka engu-3 kamuva, wahamba ekhaya futhi washada Catherine, oye wakwazi ukuqedela abanazo Yiqiniso. Ngemva konyaka bathola indodana, owayebizwa ngokuthi Igor.

Kufanele ukuthi umndeni bekulokhu ukwesekwa eside umholi Soviet lempi, ikakhulukazi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Akubuzwa ukuthi biography lempi Aleksandra Vasilevskogo, futhi uMphathi Jikelele Abasebenzi Kusolwa imisebenzi cwe zokuziphatha futhi ngokomzimba? Ngaphezu kwalokho, saqala ukutshela futhi angabuthi quthu, ngoba ukuthi I. V Stalin wasebenza ngalesi sikhathi sosuku, okuyinto yafuna nokusuka imvelo yayo.

Ukuphila kokuba Keg powder

I nothando olungenabugovu ngumkayo, yebo, kusekelwa Vasilevsky, kodwa akekho eduze uhulumeni wamaSoviet wawungakwazi ukuthikameza aphile ngokuthula. Ukucindezeleka njalo engaziwa, kuzokwenzekani kusasa naye nomkhaya wakhe, marshal abacindezelwe kakhulu.

Ngolunye usuku ngo-1944, wabiza indodana yakhe encane ukukhuluma, okuyindawo kwaba sobala ukuthi u-Alexander wafuna ngithi goodbye. Futhi akuzange kummangaze, njengoba ukuphila kwabo bonke abasebenzisa sebephila Stalin, waba elenga intambo. It is ukuthi naseVolyn, uhulumeni dacha Vassilievo umndeni, zonke izikhonzi, kuhlanganise nodadewethu-uwayehlalise, umpheki futhi ngisho umzanyana, babe abasebenzi NKVD ezaziwayo.

sokuthula

Ngemva kokunqoba kuka-eJalimane lobuNazi ngoMashi 1946 kuya ku-November 1948, Marshal Alexander Vasilevsky wayebuye uMphathi Abasebenzi kanye nePhini likaNgqongqoshe eU.SSR Armed Forces. Kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1953 futhi wayephethe okuthunyelwe ezikhonzayo Armed Forces zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ngemva I. V Stalina ukufa emgodini marshal siyiswe phezulu kanye phansi. Ngo 1953-1956 GG. Wakhonza njengeSekela likaNgqongqoshe lokuqala Wezokuvikela, ngemva kwalokho yabuza ukuthi akhululwe esikhundleni sakhe. Esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezinhlanu, Vasilevsky kwaphinde wabuyela isikhundla salo sangaphambili. Ekupheleni 1957 waxoshwa ngenxa yezizathu zempilo, bese waphinda wabuya emuva.

Abafile Alexander Vasilevsky (bheka isithombe. Ngenhla) December 5, 1977 Cishe konke empilweni yakhe futhi umsebenzi egxile ngokuphelele ekukhonzeni lokhokho, ngakho, ngokwesiko elisungulwe ngaphansi kweSoviet Union, wembelwa ngasogangeni YaseMoscow Kremlin.