Ungumuntu wasenganekwaneni kanye nomqondo ubuqhawe amaGreki kweqiniso

Yokuthi kuyini mpilo esintu? Ungacabangi kuphela mayelana izwe elizimele amasiko ayo, ngoba isiko - yinto ukuthi isuka ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, kulekelelwa nesikhathi sula. Mythology - kule ngxenye amagugu wezwe. Nsuku zonke abantu ngezindlela ezingafani, wenze umzamo ukuze ubhale ngisho umugqa womlando ayo ngenye yalezi izindaba. Ngakho-ke, okwedlula kuzo sithola amagama namaqhawe basezinganekwaneni, amakhosi, onkulunkulu ngezidalwa ezihlukahlukene. Lapho ithuthukiswe umuntu, kwafika izindaba ngaphezulu izindaba, izinhlamvu baba nesibindi sokushumayela, kanye amabutho ezimbi ngamandla.

Inganekwane: inganekwane, ifilosofi inkolo

ochwepheshe Cultural Namanje uthi: abanye bakholelwa ukuthi le nkolelo-ze - samuntu inkolo, kuyilapho abanye bakholelwa ukuthi akulutho Ungathi inganekwane, ngoba ukuphila nje alikwazi ukuba lokho okuchazwe kuleli imisebenzi abalobi yamaGreki asendulo engaziwa.

Nokho, kuvela, ukucabanga, inkolo, ngisho nefilosofi - bonke abakhona kulo, ukuze sikwazi ukusho ukuthi - indalo lilonke abantu, hhayi umcabango ngabanye. Ababhali nje kuphela eqoshiwe leli rekhodi, ukuze kudlule isipiliyoni eminyaka ubudala nangabaningi babalandeli bakhe.

Mythology - hhayi inganekwane, ukuthi unolwazi eqanjiwe, ingase ibe yiqiniso, indoda yasungulwa izinhlamvu, wasebenzisa isithombe ngasinye ngokuqondile. Futhi, naphezu izikhathi kumnandi ukufunda lesi umsebenzi njengoba okwamanje ezimele, sina. Kodwa akulona ngempela inkolo, ngoba le nkolelo-ze wabonakala isikhathi eside ngaphambi esinawonkulunkulu mkhuba ingatholakali futhi engaqondakali - emisebenzini sibona humanized futhi azibona onkulunkulu ekahle. Futhi, kukhona umehluko, futhi kusukela nefilosofi, ngoba yokugcina uhlose ukuchaza izwe, futhi amaGreki asendulo beqonda izinto kalula: uma ungumuntu wasenganekwaneni wanyukela ezulwini-ke, njengoba kudingeka, akukho imibuzo ebuzwa.

Ngenxa yalokho, idatha elandisayo - umkhiqizo ukwakha Komuntu iyonke, eyakhiwa ezicini eziningana.

Lo mbono ubuqhawe eGrisi lasendulo

Abantu lasendulo umbono ubuqhawe kwaba, uma sikubeka kahle, kuxaka, ngoba zinhlamvu engakholwanga labo ababesindise ingane ekuxhakathisweni kwakhala uthukuthele noma ngadonsa lekati aphume maqhugwane ovuthayo.

NgesiGreki namaqhawe basezinganekwaneni - amadodana wonkulunkulu abafayo, futhi kuphela ngenxa ubuhlobo bawo ukuba nesibindi, ethembekile futhi muhle. Ngenye indlela, bebizwa Onkulunkulu abangabantu, abakghona ifike Olympus.

NgesiGreki ungumuntu wasenganekwaneni livela esikhathini ukuthuthukisa isiko lasendulo, izinganekwane lokho okubizwa ngomlobokazi ngebulili yesibili. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho baqala ukuyisa balolonge umbono omusha yomuntu, ngashintsha nokholo. Abantu babecabanga ukuthi onkulunkulu akhona kuphela ukuze kuvikelwe abantu kusukela ezidalweni okubi, kodwa akusho lokho ngempela wazi konke futhi unkulunkulu onamandla onke babe abavikeli abanesibindi kanye ukuphila kohlanga lwesintu. Ngakho-ke, indima abatakuli abangu "inikezwa" namaqhawe, umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukusiza ekuhleleni onkulunkulu. Amabutho asezulwini babe okungenakufa futhi asikho isidingo sokuba amesabe, ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba abalingiswa zingafa, nenkazimulo kuphela owayengenza ibanike ukuphila okuphakade kumemori zabantu. Ngamanye amazwi, abantwana babantu nonkulunkulu ngenxa siqu imigomo sabo sobugovu kufezeke migilingwane. Okungukuthi, futhi bazuzise nabanye.

Le nganekwane of Daedalus futhi Icarus - emaqhaweni asezinganekwaneni, ababefuna linyukele ilanga uqobo

Lapho umuntu unxanela indiza? It kuvela ukuthi isifiso sokuzigcina Flutter like kwaphakama inyoni esuka kubantu lasendulo, futhi ehlanganiswe ezindabeni ezilandisayo, lapho abalingiswa abasemqoka abazizwa ngayo izinhlamvu basezinganekwaneni, ubani owokuqala wathatha lifika esibhakabhakeni. Amaphayona emkhakheni indiza kukhona Daedalus nendodana yakhe Icarus.

Uma wahlala e-Athens umculi abanamakhono okuthiwa Daedalus. Wanikeza isintu isakhiwo enhle ngoba unamakhono ukubaza itshe, ngaphambi kungubuhle ezenziwe umuntu lwesintu alwaziwa. Ngo eshabhu lakhe wasebenza njengoba umshana, obuye eningi kungaba usungula futhi asebenze. Ngelinye ilanga indoda nge nsizwa yahamba ukuba abone umuzi kusukela phezulu Acropolis, kodwa ngeshwa guy ephukile futhi, bewa phansi, yaphahlazeka.

Abantu abaqalise lynching, umculi uphawu, futhi wanquma ukuba bawushiye lowo muzi, ngoba akakwazanga ukukhuthazelela imihelo esuka kubantu. Ngomkhumbi wakhe master wahlamba eKrethe futhi umvumele ukuba uhlale waya King Minos. Wajabula kuphela nesihambeli, kodwa, naphezu kwakho konke ubuhle, Daedalus wazizwa njengesigqili esiqhingini, ngenxa yokuthi inkosi akazange uyayekela ekhaya indoda.

Ngokuvamile umsunguli wayehlezi ogwini futhi ukucabanga ngendlela ukushiya le ndawo Day. Ngemva kokucabangisisa ngale, wanquma ukuthi kungaba ngimuke esibhakabhakeni njengenyoni. Umdwebi wabutha eziningi izimpaphe futhi wadala amabili namabhuzu amaphiko yena nendodana yakhe Icarus. Ekuseni ngovivi uyinsizwa uyise kwesokunxele eKrethe, Daedalus wayala indodana yakhe ukuba siqhubeke sibambelele kuye futhi anililalelanga fly up eduze kwelanga, ngoba ntambama ngosuku-inkanyezi waphakama futhi yamvuthela kushisa kakhulu. Kodwa Icarus abazange bazilalele iseluleko kayise futhi wanquma fly ngaphezu kwamazulu. Ingcina eyayibonakala abethela izimpaphe, ukuhlaliswa elangeni elishisayo zaphela amandla, amaphiko awahlelanga. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama guy ngiyothatha emoyeni - akwenzekanga lutho, wawa wangena olwandle zaminza. uyise wayibona uphaphe amaphiko amhlophe ngendodana efana iqhwa eliwayo phezu kolwandle ezolile.

Daedalus futhi Icarus - a namaqhawe basezinganekwaneni, owaqala wasukuma ukuze kwesibhakabhaka, kodwa lokhu adventure kwakuyinhlekelele hhayi kuphela abafana kodwa nezalo umsunguli, ngoba ngemva ngokufa okudabukisayo indodana Daedalus uqalekisiwe endalweni yakhe.

neqhawe

Hercules - lena mhlawumbe ohlonishwayo kakhulu iqhawe lasezinganekwaneni bonke. Ngezinye izikhathi udumo lwakhe ngisho nangaphezu kwabo bonke onkulunkulu ngokwabo, ngoba uyowamukisa ngenxa Izenzo zakhe mkhulu kunezinhliziyo ubuNkulunkulu abavamile ngesiGreki.

igama likanina lalingu-owesifazane ofayo Alcmene, noyise uZeyusi ngokwakhe, kanjalo ingane indodana yabo ibe amandla liyamangalisa ngempela. Ngenxa yalokhu wakwazi ukwenza abadumile lwemishikashika 12.

Achilles

Lena enye ungumuntu wasenganekwaneni, okuyinto Homer likuchaza yakhe "Iliad." Kuyo, wathatha iqhawe nesibindi futhi indima enkulu. Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene Achilles ebonisa abafundi belunjani eqinile uthando lwakhe ezweni lakubo, abangane nomndeni. Nokho emikhubeni yakhe emihle futhi imizwa ngezinye izikhathi kuhambisana ezimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, unya olukhulu, njengoba kunjalo Hector.

Odysseus

Lokhu uhlamvu Homeric "Odyssey" asinakulishalazela, ngoba lapho ufunda imisebenzi phambi kwamehlo umfanekiso neqhawe onesibindi liphume, bakulungele ukuya nhlobo, kuphela ukuba babuyele ezweni lenkaba yabo. Uchazwa ngokuthi uyiqhawe bokusungula, sage eyiqaphuqaphu omangalisayo.

ungumuntu wasenganekwaneni - akuyona nje yokudlala uhlamvu izindaba, kuba ekahle lapho abantu basendulo wafuna. Kuyinto ongaziwa ukuthi kungena abantu abavamile noma Onkulunkulu abangabantu kwakungokomnikelo amaGreki ungcono onkulunkulu ngokwabo.