Yalta lenkomfa: imiphumela seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili nemikhawulo entsha European

Yalta (eCrimea) Conference, aphethwe kusuka 4 kuya 11 Februwari 1945 e Yalta Livadia Palace, kwaba umhlangano abaholi bezizwe okuqondene anti-Hitler sokusebenzisana yesibili.

Isimo izimpi we impi ngaleso sikhathi (ekupheleni ebusika 1945) savela kahle kakhulu emazweni anti-Hitler womanyano. isinyathelo sezempi uye wathuthela endaweni isiJalimane, amabutho azihlanganisa kokufika laseNormandy wavula okuthiwa "phambi yesibili." The Army US Navy cishe ngokuphelele kulawulwa ePacific Ocean. Umphumela impi yonke ecacile, ukunqotshwa German kwaba kuzenzakalele. Kodwa-US, UK kanye USSR babehlangene kuphela impi nge eJalimane, inqubomgomo wezangaPhandle waphishekela imigomo akuhambisani ephikisayo, ngakho izwe post-yimpi, isiphetho eJalimane wahlula, ezimisweni olusha lwezombusazwe ngamazwe kwakudingekile ukuze uvumelane kusengaphambili ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi futhi ngaphambi ephetha isivumelwano sokuthula. Le ngqungquthela Yalta kwakudingekile ukuthuthukisa evamile isikhundla inqubomgomo angaphandle.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuze baxazulule izinkinga eliyisisekelo umbimbi cishe akazange ukuhlakaza, kodwa imininingwane ethile futhi kwadala impikiswano enkulu. Ngakho, uWinston Churchill, I. V Stalin futhi Roosevelt angabacwasi ngokushesha kwaba esivumelwaneni saziso ukwahlukanisa post-yimpi Germany, kodwa imininingwane yale nqubo, imingcele ngqo, izingxenye ithonya awazange ecacisiwe.

inkomfa Yalta Yaqokomisa futhi ihogela ithonya ku post-yimpi Europe (kunemibandela - amaSoviet nasemakamu Western). Kwavunyelwana ukuthi amazwe aseMpumalanga Yurophu (Bulgaria, eCzechoslovakia, Hungary nakwamanye amazwe kamuva "ikamu sezenhlalo") oyongena ihogela izithakazelo zase-USSR. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, e-Italy, Greece nakwamanye amazwe aseningizimu ye futhi eYurophu ephakathi izohlala ngaphansi kwethonya eBrithani naseMelika.

impikiswano enkulu Kwagqashuka engqungqutheleni ngokuqondene isiphetho post-yimpi Poland. Stalin waphikelela ngokuthi imingcele esinikelweko "Curzon Line" lasePoland (ngokuvumelana inkontileka ngo-1920). Kodwa kukhona ePoland, uhulumeni kazwelonke ayiboni emkhawulweni wadala nobunzima ezingxoxweni. Yahlala okungacacile, futhi isiphetho eLvov: Ngokusho Churchill kanye Roosevelt, iSoviet Union waphoqeleka ukudlulisela edolobheni komthetho Polish. inkomfa Yalta ngo-1945 ikhambi ngqo ayikwazanga ukwenaba imingcele post-yimpi kwezintathu yePoland. izinhloko anti-Hitler sokusebenzisana kwanqunywa ukuba yokulungisa umonakalo kusuka e-Germany. Labo okwakulindeleke ukuba amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20, kanye nenxenye imali edingekayo ukuze uthole i-Soviet Union.

Ngesikhathi Conference Yalta, kwanqunywa ku impi yokulwa Japan. Ukuhlaselwa Japan kwakufanele athathe indawo Sekuphele izinyanga cishe ezimbili ngemuva kokuphothulwa enqobile empini e-Europe.

Yalta lenkomfa nesimo yisimiso esisha kanye nemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe esizayo zezombusazwe izinhlangano (UN). Omunye izinkomba ezinkulu ikusasa iZizwe Ezihlangene zabiza u ukubhujiswa uhlelo wamakoloni emhlabeni.

Yalta lenkomfa, imiphumela zazo ziye zazithonya okarisako isakhiwo kwempi yezwe lilonke - ngokukhethekile - ku isiphetho kwempi e-Europe, kwaba umhlangano wokugcina abaholi anti-Hitler zokusebenzisana seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Kuthula lesikhashana, okuyinto kususwe umehluko ngokwengxenye abukhali ngemibono phakathi amazwe aseNtshonalanga ne-Soviet Union yaphela kanyekanye ne ukumehlula esesabekayo isitha ezivamile - eJalimane lobuNazi. umbimbi noMbumbi ngeshwa, yaphinde yaphendukela ku yizitha.