Kumiswa, Indaba
Uhlelo wamakoloni: imicimbi kanye amaqiniso
umlando Umhlaba iqukethe lenqwaba izenzakalo, amagama, izinsuku, okuyinto ezibekwe nedlanzana ezimbalwa noma ngisho namakhulu izincwadi ezahlukene. abalobi ezahlukene banemibono engafani ku kwezimo ezithile, kodwa ukwabelana amaqiniso ukuthi ngandlela-thile kufanele zitshelwe. Emlandweni wezwe kukhona izenzakalo evelayo kanye kuphela futhi isikhathi eside, futhi abanye, avele izikhathi eziningana, kodwa isikhathi esifushane. Omunye kulezi zinkanyezi - uhlelo wamakoloni. Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi kuyini, lapho linwetshelwe njengendlela into yesikhathi esidlule.
Uyini uhlelo wamakoloni?
Umhlaba uhlelo wamakoloni, noma ingcindezelo - isimo lapho asethuthukile izici ezimbonini, amasiko, kanye nokufunda nezomnotho kuleli zwe BUSA lonke izwe (amazwe kancane athuthukile, noma amazwe wesithathu).
Domination ngokuvamile efakwe emva ukuhlaselwa kuhlonyiwe kanye anqobe isimo. Ubonakaliswa okutshalwe izimiso kwezomnotho nezombusazwe kanye imithetho khona.
Kwenzeka nini lokhu?
Ekuqaleni kohlelo wamakoloni uvele Ngekhulu le-15, i-Age of Discovery, kanye kuvulwa India nase Melika. Khona-ke izindawo zomdabu evulekile kwadingeka bavume ukuphakama zobuchwepheshe abokufika. Amakoloni wokuqala wangempela yamiswa Spain ekhulwini le-17. Kancane kancane waqala sithathe futhi basakaze usithonye iGreat Britain, iFrance, i-Portugal, eNetherlands. Kamuva, i-United States naseJapane zabanye zahlanganyela nabo.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 iningi Umhlaba wahlukaniswa phakathi ayizikhondlakhondla. IRussia bahileleke kwamakoloni, kodwa kwezinye izindawo ezingomakhelwane futhi wazinqoba.
Umuntu ongumnikazi kuzo?
Ukuba Ngowenkolo ezweni ezanquma inkambo yentuthuko waleli qulo. Ngokwazi uhlelo wamakoloni linwetshelwe, ithebula ngezansi uzokutshela engcono.
| muzi State | States koloni | isikhathi yokutakula ethonyeni |
| Spain | Amazwe ka eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, | 1898 |
| Portugal | I-Ningizimu Melika, saseNingizimu-Ntshonalanga Afrika | 1975 |
| United Kingdom | EziQhingini ZaseBrithani, eNyakatho Melika, i-Middle East, Africa, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, e-India, e-Australia nase-Oceania | 40 Late sika - zakuqala 60-yalolucwaningo. ekhulwini XX. |
| France | KweNyakatho Melika neMelika Ephakathi, North kanye eNkabeni Ye-Afrika eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Oceania, Indochina | 40 Late sika - zakuqala 60-yalolucwaningo. ekhulwini XX. |
| United States | EMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, e-Oceania, Afrika | I ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XX. Amanye amazwe awakuvumeli uphume ngaphansi kwethonya namanje |
| Russia | EMpumalanga Yurophu, eCaucasus and Transcaucasia, Central Asia, eMpumalanga Ekude | 1991 |
Kwakukhona koloni ezincane, kodwa imibukiso ithebula eziye engazange ithonywe ubani ngaphandle Antarctica, futhi i-Antarctica, ngoba abazange babe impahla eluhlaza, kanye nesigcawu ukuthuthukiswa umkhakha, umnotho, futhi ukuphila. Kuphethwe amakoloni ngokusebenzisa umbusi ezimisiwe kwababusi wezwe wedolobha noma ngokusebenzisa khona njalo kubo njengoba amakoloni.
izici Isici kwesikhathi
Esikhathini inkathi ingcindezelo has izici zayo siqu:
- Zonke izenzo okubhekiswe ekusunguleni esinakho kwezohwebo kanye ezindaweni wamakoloni, t. E., I muzi yezwe wafuna leli koloni esungulwe ubudlelwane ukuhweba kuphela nabo akekho omunye,
- ahlaselwa amabutho ahlomile nokuphangwa kwempahla nezizwe, bese kwakuwukuthi bebodwa,
- ukusetshenziswa isigqila kanye namafomu izinduna zokuxhashazwa labantu amakoloni, okuyinto wabenza cishe izigqila.
Ngenxa le nqubomgomo emazweni possessed amakoloni ngokushesha kwavela dolobha izinqolobane, okuyinto wabavumela ukuthatha indawo ehamba phambili emhlabeni. Ngakho, sibonga amakoloni futhi izindlela zabo zezimali England isibe izwe athuthukile esikhathini esiningi.
waphula kanjani?
Bebukholoni uhlelo zomhlaba zigoqiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngesikhathi esifanayo. Le nqubo zenzeka kancane kancane. Isikhathi eyinhloko ukulahlekelwa nethonya amakoloni-amazwe senzeka ekupheleni kwempi yezwe yesibili (1941-1945 GG.), T. Ukuze. Abantu bakholelwa kulokho ungakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle ukucindezelwa nokulawula phezu ingxenye kwelinye izwe.
Endaweni ethile ephuma ngaphansi kwethonya kwenzeke ngokuthula, esebenzisa izivumelwano nokusayinwa izivumelwano, futhi kwezinye izimo - ngokusebenzisa ezempi kanye isinyathelo amavukela-mbuso. Amanye amazwe ase-Afrika kanye Oceanic zisekhona ngaphansi kwegunya le-United States, kodwa Angizizwa ukucindezelwa ezifana kwaba ngekhulu lesi-18-19.
Imiphumela uhlelo wamakoloni
Uhlelo wamakoloni akuyona neze into ukuthuthukiswa oyingqayizivele emihle noma emibi komphakathi womhlaba wonke. Useke waba kokubili ngezici ezinhle nezimbi kumazwe wedolobha, futhi amakoloni. Ukuwa kohlelo wamakoloni kwaholela emiphumeleni emibi ethile.
Ukuze ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, bona zazimi kanje:
- bebek siqu amakhono ukukhiqizwa kwelifa loonyana izimakethe wamakoloni nezisetshenziswa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuphelelwa yisifiso,
- utshalomali capital e amakoloni ngezithukuthuku lizwe unina,
- i-lag mncintiswano kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yokukhathazeka anda mayelana amakoloni.
Ukuze amakoloni:
- ukubhujiswa kanye nokulahlekelwa isiko wendabuko nasendleleni yabo yokuphila, ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe bezinye izizwe;
- kokubhubhisa zigcine bemvelo nemasiko;
- ehle bendawo amakoloni ngezithukuthuku ukuhlaselwa wedolobha, izifo, indlala nokunye njll..;
- ukubukeka umkhakha yabo kanye nezazi;
- ukuvela izisekelo sokuchuma ezimele kwaleli zwe kwesikhathi esizayo.
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