Sezinto zemoto, "iNsephe": ukukhanda futhi esikhundleni

Umphini Pheqa ikhasi kuyingxenye uhlelo yokudlulisela ukuze izimoto nge ngokugcwele noma ezingemuva-wheel drive. Lo msuka isetshenziswa ukudlulisa torque engu ebhokisini ngaphambi noma okufanayo ukudluliswa icala kuya oluvala amasondo ezingemuva noma ngaphambili. Umphini Cardan kwi "iNsephe" futhi wenza lo msebenzi. Ake sibheke oyiyo, kanye funda indlela yokulondoloza futhi bayilungise.

Kusukela umlando bendiza imiphini

Val yaziwa ngebizo umsunguli we bendiza, okuyinto wasebenza phezu indalo yayo. Lokhu kwaba uchwepheshe Italian kwezokwelapha kanye mathematics - Girolamo Cardano. Kwakuwusuku okokuqala necebo indlela phezu kokuhlanganisayo, ngawo namuhla kungenzeka ukuxhuma izingxenye ligijima yonke emikhulu nemincane.

Ochwepheshe-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi ngokuhlanganyela kuqala jikelele yasungulwa ngo uLeonardo da Vinci. Iphuzu elithakazelisayo kakhulu wukuthi umlobi waleli ukuthuthukiswa angathanda omunye umuntu. Lena Robert huk, kodwa patent yakhe, akakwazanga kwesokudla. Yena ikhishwa kamuva.

Sebenzisa design emotweni baba e 1898. Esokuqala kwaba Lui Reno. Kuyinto elula kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo drive esebenza kahle kakhulu, okuyinto namuhla cishe VO etholakalayo ukudluliswa torque. Namuhla, cishe zonke izinhlobo izimoto usebenzisa kushaft bendiza.

"INsephe": shaft iyunithi

Lo msuka bekulokhu kuyingxenye driveline. Lokhu, luyinto kushaft Lesisemkhatsini, ezisekelweni Lesisemkhatsini, shaft adjustable futhi izinkintsho ezintathu. Thina sicabangele ngayinye yalezi zinkulumo.

countershaft

Lokhu umhlangano yenziwa ipayipi eziyize ezenziwe ngensimbi ingxubevange. I engavamile shaft - igemfe izindonga mncane. Ngesikhathi ezingemuva kokuphela ingxenye shank athe njó kushaft esesikhundleni splines yangaphandle. I front end ingxenye kushaft has a ipulaki ekhethekile. Lesi sijobelelo ngokusebenzisa lomnyango ekhethekile enamathiselwe ipulaki ngamunye ezihambayo. Kule ngxenye kukhona yangaphakathi imbobo splined futhi gryazeotrazhatel isicelo.

phambi ekuphambukeni

Le mininingwane efakwe isandiso kuya ezingemuva izindlu KP. Yena axoxisane neHhovisi splines ukuthi bafa ku kushaft yesibili. Lapho kwabangela ukumiswa misa, propshaft ( "iNsephe" noma "Valdai", akunandaba) zingasuswa longitudinally. Ukuze Ubuningi bamahora isinxephezeliso lezinhlangano, le shank zingasuswa kanye ingxenye splined shaft yesibili transaxle. Lokhu uxhumano nivame unaphakade ngamafutha, okuyinto Itholakala PPC crankcase.

ukwesekwa Lesisemkhatsini

Lo msuka is akhiwe ngerabha. He is lukathayela. Nge ingaphakathi le lokuxhasa zixhunywe iqine Ball Ebizwa elibiyelwe. Ohlangothini olungaphandle enikezwe ukwesekwa ubakaki ekhethekile.

iraba abajonqile akuvumeli ukudluliselwa vibration kusukela ukudluliswa ukunyakaza ukuze izitho zomzimba, kodwa futhi kubanika ithuba driveline ukunyakaza kanye eksisi longitudinal.

Bracket nge bolts ngokuphephile exhunywe crossmember Uhlaka imoto.

Ukunikeza, okuyinto aboshelwe ukusekelwa, has a ukuphila isikhathi eside kakhulu. Akadingi iyiphi yesondlo kukho konke ukuphila layo eshalofini.

Umphini engemuva futhi ezenziwe ngensimbi ipayipi enezindonga nomzimba omncane, kodwa unamathele izingxenye ekupheleni ekuphambukeni. Ngokusebenzisa emalungeni ekhethekile phambi ingxenye fixed slotted ipulaki kusukela isici phakathi. Yena, eqondiswa ingxenye splined shaft Lesisemkhatsini. Ngakho, sokuqala ukusekela kushaft bendiza. "INsephe" usuphothuliwe nge ipulaki olwengeziwe. Ukuze lokhu ucezu alinyakazi ku Slots, inqobo ibhawudo elungisa ipulaki. Ngakolunye uhlangothi adjustable esebenzisa kushaft engu- ukukhwezwa flange elinendawo ngokugxilisa ibhande ekhethekile. I flange kuvikelwe bolting main drive igiya isondo yokudlulisela in PPC.

propshaft Joint

Umphini ifakwe lomnyango, esakhiwa izimfoloko, kanye iziphambano. Ungishiya design yakhe ine inaliti amabombo ezine. Ngamunye sihlobene yezinyoni 20 has ezinamasondo. ubukhulu wabo 2 mm. Lezi izinaliti kuthiwa inyatheliswe ngomshini ephezulu ukucacisa. Basuke ngokukhethekile akhethiwe labo abathumela umhlangano nge crosspiece. Ungazami esikhundleni izinaliti, okuyinto isuswa amabombo ahlukahlukene. Futhi engamukeleki kuphela esikhundleni engu- cardan kushaft. "INsephe" futhi ayikwazi ukulungiswa, kuphela esikhundleni samagama athile amabombo. Yini uvunyelwe, ngoba yilona indawo yonke isethi iyonke. Kufanele ushintshe ke, ngisho noma umonakalo esindayo olulodwa eyodwa kuphela.

Ukuze Lubrication spider has a kufaneleka amafutha. Ngoba lokhu amafutha izingono, okuyinto ukujovwa nge isipetu ewela ezinamasondo ayithintayo iziteshi kwangaphakathi yezihlanganisi. Ukuze amafutha sasisekelwa ngaphakathi, crosspiece ifakwe iraba cuff ekhethekile. Okwamanje Umjovo Lubrication cuff entwasahlobo sisalokhu namafutha ngokweqile ugobhozela yezinyoni.

Inalidi eziveza icindezelwa emgodini nezimfoloko ngokuphephile fixed esaziwa izindandatho.

Lezi izingxenye nivame isiko igiya amafutha, engesiyo elula futhi ephumelelayo njalo. Ngakho, oluvundlile kanye plug kufanele zigcwaliswe ngamafutha kaningi impela. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa igrisi Ukwakheka №158. Lokhu amafutha emaningi kangaka, ezokwenza bayakhohlwa amabombo e isicabucabu isikhathi eside.

Izinkinga ezivamile

Njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye, oluthi bendiza ( "iNsephe 'ngayo ngokuqondene nalokhu iyathinteka) ongahlabeki. Kodwa izinkinga eziningi zingaxazululwa. Ake sibheke iphutha eyisisekelo engeyokuqala.

Lapho umuntu enezinkinga ezihambisana vibration

Ngakho, uma vibration esiyitholayo esitebeleni lapho ushayela, kungenzeka ukuthi ukusonteka kushaft tube livelile. Ukuze kuxazululwe le ke akudingekile ukusebenzisa noma isiphi izinyathelo ezikhethekile noma ezinzima. Ngokuvamile, nje esikhundleni ipayipi ngokuphelele noma okunye oda ukukhanda of cardan imiphini. "INsephe" kungenziwa lilungiswe ngasiphi esitolo umzimba, lapho Mechanics enze umsebenzi ofanayo. Lapho efeza esikhundleni noma ukulungisa Kuphoqelekile sekulinganisa kushaft.

Ngaphezu kwalokho ukusonteka we vibration ipayipi singenzeka uma buthaka kokuqina ezingemuva roller Babhokile kwebhuloho.

Lokhu kungenziwa ngempela ngokuzimela ukudonsa uxhumano Okuxekethile.

Ngokuvamile kunyakaza zenzeka ngenxa ukwehlukana plate sekulinganisa kusukela tube umphini. Kulokhu, esikhundleni ipayipi noma isevisi ukulungisa esiteshini saso. Kodwa kukhona uyophinde ube ukwenza okulinganisa.

Uma vibration esiyitholayo esitebeleni, kubalulekile ukuhlola into play kungenzeka amabombo. Lapha akalutho ukulungisa, futhi balahle kunyakaza ukusiza iziphambano esikhundleni propshaft. "INsephe" emuva kokuhlinzwa abanjalo bayofana entsha.

Uma ushaya kuyagcinwa e sihlobene collar we reducer flange segiya le oluvala amasondo misa, kukhona ngokwanele ukuba esikhundleni flange. Uma eshaya i-plug elengela CPR kwaba isikhathi eside ngokuphawulekayo, kufanele esikhundleni isandiso PPC. Lokhu bafake kungenxa ukugqoka we bushings stalebabbita.

Esimweni lapho lenyuka nokusulwa ku ukuxhumana ngokubhanqwa Slots, uma amabombo ezigugile noma ukuwela kushaft bendiza, "iNsephe" ukhandwa ngokufaka esikhundleni izingxenye emidala baqale emisha.

Ukwehluleka Kutholwe lapho kokukhipha cardan

Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izakhi yenkinga bungabonakala ngokuhamba ukushayela. amaphutha amaningi kungatholakala kuphela emva ukususwa noma kulungiswe.

Ngakho, uma avuzayo lwamafutha emalungeni lomnyango, lokho kubonisa ukuthi cuff, okumele ukugcina uwoyela lilimele. Kufanele kube lula esikhundleni. Uma cap ijikeleziswa kanye collar, isicabucabu cardan esikhundleni bese ngokulingene kushaft kwelula.

Uma emva run of 40 000 uwoyela km akusho izogobhoza valve stem zonke cuffs ke udinga ukwenza ukulungiswa ezincane. Uma kunzima ukuqonda indlela uqaqe bendiza kushaft ( "iNsephe"), isithombe izingxenye izihloko zethu kuzosiza kakhulu kunonophisa luhlelo ukususwa kanye disassembly. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwenza ukulungisa, kumelwe ususe ukudluliswa, uqaqe kokuhlanganisayo, ukukhiqiza iziteshi ihlanzekile indawo yezihlanganisi isiphambano, ukuthi esikhundleni entwasahlobo garter wazigqokisa lwezimpawu. Khona-ke kufanele ukuqoqa wonke emuva ku kushaft ngokulingene ukunikeza.

Indlela ukususa umphini kusukela imoto?

Yini edingekayo ukwenza ukukhanda cardan imiphini? "INsephe" kumelwe zilungiswe izindleko zokuhlinzwa kwakho. Kuyinto inqubo elula, kodwa kufanele wazi imigudu efanele.

Ngaphambi kokususa igiya udinga kusengaphambili usebenzisa upende ukumaka indawo isikhundla mutual emincane ye-plug, kanye PPC kushaft. Lezi amalebula ukhululekile kakhulu phezu reflectors ezihambayo izimfoloko, kanye CPR enwetshiwe.

Le ngxenye threaded we imishudo kufanele kwenzeke ukuba qualitatively ukusula odakeni Caked. Khona-ke la imishudo unscrewed. Khona-ke sukani nuts ukuthi aqinisekise nokusekela Lesisemkhatsini. Ngenxa ukusekelwa etholakalayo esiphambanweni-ilungu. Khona-ke lonke driveline iqhubekela phambili futhi detaches kusukela flange kuleli bhuloho. Angakwazi lula lo msebenzi, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa isando, kodwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa yethusi noma zethusi Shim. Udinga hit ngemuva ngokuhlanganyela flange.

Khona-ke ungakwazi ukususa phambi ekupheleni driveline beya.

Ngesikhathi ingxenye ukuphela kushaft enophephela PPC Kumelwe futhi abeke sesimweni ilebula.

Lapho ukudluliswa lususwe, kubalulekile ukuba Ubuningi bamahora ukuvikela i-plug nomsila kungenzeka ukusilaphazeka. Kudinga okufanayo futhi imbobo PPC.

Manje usungaqala ukubhekana nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuthenga entsha

Ngokuthenga isayithi elisha elalizothatha indawo ezilimele, kufanele nakanjani acabangele usayizi cardan imiphini. "INsephe" iyathinteka. Iqiniso lokuthi onobuhle ezahlukene babe ukulungiswa ezahlukene. Ngakho, ngo-onobuhle ejwayelekile wheelbase ukusungula ISIZINDA ngobude ejwayelekile. Lezi zingxenye zingathengwa ezitolo eziningi yezimoto.

Okubi kunjalo enwetshiwe zezimoto. Lezi imiphini ayatfolakala, futhi hhayi yonke indawo angathengwa.

Namuhla, omningi ulwazi mayelana nokunwetshwa isici ngokuzimela. Ngokwesibonelo, oluthi bendiza ( "iNsephe") isandiso kungase kudingeke, uma umnikazi efuna ukwandisa wheelbase yemoto. Lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo ezithile - ubude olukhulu hold wezimpahla.

Umphini Cardan - kunye, njengawo wonke amanye. Lendawo kungenziwa lilungiswe ngokuphelele. Ngokunakekela efanele kanye nokugcinwa njalo kuyoba isikhathi eside kakhulu. Futhi uma udinga esikhundleni ke khumbula ukuthi ubude imoto bendiza kushaft ( "iNsephe" futhi "Valdai" kulolu chungechunge iyathinteka) - lokhu ipharamitha ezibaluleke kakhulu.