Okwaba nomthelela omkhulu ubunye izizwe zama-Arabhu: izimbangela kanye namaqiniso

Arabhu are esinye sezizwe kunabo bonke emhlabeni, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukholo lwawo ngempela olandelanayo ngokwemvelo. Noma kunjalo, ososayensi Arab wanika imithi emhlabeni, izibalo, isibonelo uhulumeni onempumelelo. Kuze kube manje, isibalo sabantu abathi Islam, kanye eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,5, noma 23% labantu emhlabeni Imininingwane. Kuyinto ukuqaphela ezimangalisayo Arab abavamile ukude ekhaya, ubuyena njengendlela ingxenye abantu abangashadile futhi okungenakubhubhiseka. Ukuba nobuhlobo efanayo zingachazwa ngezinqubo izici ezihlukahlukene: inkolo, yalelozwe, endaweni ethile emphakathini. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi lesi sizwe kwaba inqwaba zezizwe ehlakazekile endaweni eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya. umshini Komphakathi, esadaleka emva umshado wawo, kwafaniswa nge le mibuso evelele kunazo zonke, okuyinto kuphela owaziwayo emlandweni wesintu. Sizama ukuba baqonde nokuthi yini edale lesi inyunyana njalo ezilwayo izizwe zama-Arabhu.

izici Geographical

Izazi-mlando eziningi, nawu umbuzo, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo ubunye izizwe zama-Arabhu. Impendulo ke yakhiwa ezicini eziningana, ngayinye iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo ngezansi. Kusuka emlandweni siyazi ukuthi ekuqaleni emakamu elikhulu Ama-Arabhu ayengabanye e eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya. Isimo sezulu kule ndawo planethi ngempela abanamusa: .. Ugwadule, umswakama ongaphakeme, ukungabi evundile, njll Zonke lezi zici bathini kakade ukuthi kunzima kakhulu siqhubeke siphila ezimweni ezinjalo, ikakhulukazi wedwa. Ukuqonda lokhu iminyaka eminingi kwaphoqa Arabhu yokuhlanganisa. Nokho, umehluko isisindo obabukhona phakathi izizwe: Ngokungafani izinkolo, amasiko, imikhosi egujwayo nokunye okuningi. Empeleni, zonke izizwe Arab babezibheka ekhethekile phakathi kwabo bonke abanye. Yiqiniso, lesi simo esinzima ezindawo kwaphoqa yokuhlanganisa amabutho abo, kodwa ekugcineni izizwe United Arab nomthelela inkolo.

Mohammed nasezimfundisweni zakhe

Kakade igebe phakathi V futhi VI eminyaka BC nedotsivilizatsiya Arabhu wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi weza kumile ephelele. Ngesikhathi kwekhulunyaka kukhona umprofethi omkhulu Mohammed. Lo muntu wafaka eziningi umzamo, okwasiza hlanganani izizwe zama-Arabhu. The Prophet washumayela Islam - inkolo monistic, kusekelwa Qur'an kanye nokholo Allah. Inkolo uvezwa njengoMahluleli hybrid yobuJuda, ubuKristu nezinkolelo kobuqaba Arabhu. Okokuqala, wonke nezimfundiso esishunyayelwa Muhammad, ababebheka omubi, kodwa kakade umprofethi VI ekhulwini wadala umphakathi wakhe siqu - the Ummah. Ngakho, inkolelo yokuthi munye uNkulunkulu - yilokhu nomthelela ubunye izizwe zama-Arabhu.

ukuvela sompristi

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi sompristi alizanga ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isikhubekiso kwaba ukuntuleka amabutho Islamic. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye ukwamukelwa of inkolelo Allah izizwe unkulunkulu oyedwa Aus futhi Khazraj Prophet Muhammad kungenzeka ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngomuntu ngokufundisa kwakhe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ukuthuthukiswa sompristi njengoba isimo esihlanganisiwe Arab. Kulokhu, uMohammed engasaveli njengomprofethi, futhi njengoba umholi ababeshumayela siqu, imibono yabo ogunyaziwe.

Arabhu sithi ka isiqongo

Ukufa of the Prophet Muhammad ngo-632 kuholele eziningi ezimbi ngenxa okudalwe Arab sompristi izenzakalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, isimo kakade ephethwe endaweni esezingeni elifanele, izwe kwadonsa wonke yeNhlonhlo Arabhiya. Parallel kule, empini iqala phakathi izihlubuki sizilahlile Islam ngokushesha ngemva kokufa umprofethi, umkhuzi wezempi Khalid ibn al-Walid.

Ngemva kokunqoba kuka-bonke abangakholwa iqala zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi izindlalifa Mohammed nabanye ancintisanayo amandla. Ngo 661 wabulawa lokugcina umprofethi omkhulu, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Ubani umbusi omusha we Arab sompristi baba Muapiya uhlobo Umayyads. Kulesi sigaba, sikwazi ukukhuluma ekupheleni kumiswa wekuba sive e eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo ubunye izizwe zama-Arabhu.

Ngakho inkolo isibe kubalulekile "ukuqhuma", okuye kwenza isizwe esikhulu ngempela Arab. Mohammed umuntu namanje kubangela eziningi mpikiswano nokuxoxisana. Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi Islam ukuthi ngokoqobo kusungulwe kuye ukugumbuqela umbuso endaweni elase-Arabhiya. Nokho, zonke izenzo zakhe ababeletha ezibe nomthelela ubunye izizwe zama-Arabhu, ngakho imigomo azinandaba, umphumela obalulekile kuphela.