I-hormone Antidiuretic (adh). I uketshezi hormone antidiuretic

Vasopressin - hormone okuthiwa i antidiuretic - ezivezwa hypothalamus, okuyinto Itholakala pituitary posterior (neurohypophysis). Lokhu i-hormone kuqinisekisa homeostasis emzimbeni womuntu, ekulondolozeni ukulinganisela amanzi. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, amanzi emzimbeni noma ukopha okukhulu ngaphansi kwethonya vasopressin zihlanganisa izindlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukumisa ukulahlekelwa uketshezi. Ngakho, i-hormone antidiuretic (adh) umane akasivumeli ukuze ome.

Lapho adh is kuhlelwe umqondo?

i-hormone Antidiuretic akhiqizwa ezinkulu cell izinzwa ka-nucleus supraoptic we ngxenye futhi sibopha ukuthi neyrofizinom (yenethiwekhi amaprotheni). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwathi iqondiswe ekufezeni Lobe ezingemuva hypophysis futhi kukhona buthelela ku izinzwa hypothalamic. Njengoba kwakudingeka ukusuka lapho lingena egazini. Adh uketshezi kuthintwa:

1. Umfutho wegazi (BP).
2. the osmolarity plasma.
3. Umthamo wegazi lalikhona emzimbeni.

imiphumela eziphilayo hormone anti-isisu

Lapho okusezingeni eliphezulu blood pressure uketshezi hormone antidiuretic ukuyiveza Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuwa wegazi ngu-40% evamile vasopressin zamagama zingandiswa endleleni evamile yokubalwa imfuneko nsuku zonke izikhathi 100.

the osmolarity plasma kuhlobene ukwakheka electrolyte yegazi. Uma osmolarity legazi lize liba ngaphansi kwe ubuncane izindinganiso ezamukelekayo, iqala Kwabiwa lelitfutfukile vasopressin lingene egazini. Nge ukwanda plasma osmolality ngaphezu kuvunyelwe kwezinkambiso yindoda eyome. A ukusetshenziswa semali ketshezi suppresses ukwabiwa kwale hormone. Ngakho, ukuvikelwa Kwenziwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Indlela antidiuretic i-hormone inomthelela ushintsho ivolumu afundwa igazi? Uma omkhulu ukopha receptor ekhethekile ise ATRIUM kwesokunxele bese ngokuthi volyumoretseptorami aphendule ukwehla igazi ivolumu futhi wegazi iconsi. Lokhu isignali engena neurohypophysis nokululama vasopressin iyakhula. Hormone uzabalaza isinyathelo ku imithambo yegazi nemithambo ye-receptor yabo unciphise mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi. Lokhu kunomthelela ukumisa ukopha futhi eminye kuvimbela iconsi wegazi.

Ukuphulwa zamagama futhi uketshezi of adh

Lezi iziyaluyalu lingaphathelaniswa ne anenombolo enganele vasopressin noma ngokweqile yayo. Ngokwesibonelo, onesifo sikashukela insipidus liphakeme enganele adh, kuyilapho syndrome Constantin Ion Parhon overabundance yayo.

sikashukela insipidus

Kulesi isifo, reabsorption kwezinso lamanzi lehla kakhulu. Lokhu kungenziwa lula izimo ezimbili:

1. uketshezi ezingafanele vasopressin - uma kuziwa sikashukela insipidus Lokudabuka emaphakathi.
2. Encishisiwe izinso ekuphenduleni adh - lokhu kwenzeka lapho ifomu neurogenic sikashukela insipidus.

Iziguli ezinale zokugula diuresis nsuku zonke angase afinyelele 20 amalitha. Umchamo ngenkathi ongaphakeme-okuhlushwa. Iziguli njalo womile bephuza eziningi uketshezi. Ukuze uthole ukuthi hlobo luni uhlobo sikashukela insipidus nesineke lihlupheka, zisebenzisa i Analogue we vasopressin-hormone okuthiwa i - umuthi "Desmopressin". Umthelela zokwelapha zomuthi kuboniswa kuphela ifomu emaphakathi lesi sifo.

syndrome ka okungalungile antidiuretic i-hormone uketshezi

Ibizwa ngokuthi lesi sifo of uketshezi ezingafanele adh. Lesi sifo kuhambisana uketshezi ngokweqile vasopressin, kuyilapho kukhona encishisiwe ingcindezi osmotic of plasma yegazi. Ngakho kukhona zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Imisipha ukudikiza futhi amajaqamba.
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuntuleka esesuthi, kungenzeka ukuhlanza.
• ukucobeka ezingenzeka, equlekile.

isimo Sibekezele liwohloka lapho uketshezi emzimbeni (ngemithambo yegazi noma ku isiphuzo). Lapho umkhawulo okunzima baphuza uketshezi kanye ukwesulwa ukumnika emthanjeni ezigulini ku ukuthethelelwa.

Yiziphi izimpawu zibonisa kusezingeni enganele vasopressin?

Uma i-hormone antidiuretic is kuhlelwe umqondo eyindlala, abantu bangezwa:

• ome kakhulu.
• ukuchama kaningi.
• Ukoma kwesikhumba, okuyinto njalo ethuthuka.
• Ukungakuthandi ukudla.
• Izinkinga pheshana emathunjini (yokudleka kolwelwesi lwesisu, nesifo, ukuqunjelwa).
• Izinkinga emkhakheni ngokocansi. The men - encishisiwe potency kwabesifazane - iziyaluyalu kokuya esikhathini.
• ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona.
• Ukwandiswa ingcindezi intracranial.
• umbono encishisiwe.

Njengoba kuboniswa ukwehla ka adh?

Ukuncishiswa igazi vasopressin kungenzeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Central sikashukela insipidus.
• syndrome Nephrotic.
• polydipsia Psychogenic.

Yiziphi izimpawu ikhomba ukuthi uketshezi okwandisiwe adh?

• Encishisiwe diuresis nsuku zonke (ukukhiqizwa umchamo).
• Kwesisindo at iphango encishisiwe.
• Ukucobeka nesiyezi.
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda.
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
• Imisipha amajaqamba.
• izilonda abahlukahlukene isimiso sezinzwa.
• ubuthongo thuthuva.

Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo ukwanda waphawula ezingeni adh?

Imfuyo vasopressin lungase lubonwe e pathologies libhekene uketshezi ngokweqile hormone, zihlanganisa:

• Julien-Barre syndrome.
• Kweseva porphyria oyingozi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ngaphansi kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• ebuchosheni (primary noma metastases).
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo zobuchopho.
• izifo Umhlinzi zobuchopho.
• meningitis Tuberculous.
• Isifo samaphaphu.

i-hormone Antidiuretic - lapho umaluju?

Eyodwa yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ekutholweni adh egazini kuyinto radioimmunoassay (RIA). Okhunye okukhambisana ukucacisa osmolarity of plasma yegazi. Uhlaziyo kungenziwa kunoma iyiphi sikhungo Endocrinology. Imitholampilo eminingi yangasese futhi senze cwaningo ezinjalo. Igazi asebenzelana kusukela umthambo ku amashubhu ngaphandle nezivimbelakuvunda.

Ngaphambi ukulethwa igazi kule hormone antidiuretic kufanele kube 10-12 ihora ikhefu esidlweni. ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ngosuku olwandulela umnikelo igazi kungahlanekezela ukuhlaziya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngayizolo ukulethwa yokuhlaziya kungcono ukuba bangalibali okhandlayo esindayo, hhayi ukuthi babambe iqhaza emidlalweni imincintiswano, akuyona ukuthatha izivivinyo, njll

Izidakamizwa ezingaba ukwandisa ezingeni adh, kufanele uyekwa. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu, amafomu isicelo kuyadingeka ukuze ucacise lokho izidakamizwa yasetshenziselwa, nini futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi umthamo. Phendulela ezingeni wangempela adh can izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

• estrogens;
• elele amaphilisi;
• imithi ebulala izinzwa;
• zinhlungu;
• "Morphine";
• "Oxytocin";
• "Cyclophosphamide";
• "Carbamazepine";
• "Vincristine";
• "Hlorpropamid";
• "Chlorothiazide";
• "Carbonate Lithium".

Ukuhlaziywa hormone antidiuretic zingafundwa kuka ngesonto elilodwa emva radioisotope noma ucwaningo umonakalo omkhulu obangelwa imisebe.

Lolu cwaningo kusivumela ukuhlukanisa nephrogenic sikashukela insipidus futhi pituitary sikashukela insipidus kanye syndromes libhekene uketshezi ngokweqile adh.