Uyini yokwamukela? Izinhlobo futhi injongo-receptor

Isihloko uchaza ukuthi onjalo receptor, ngoba abawusebenzayo indoda futhi, ikakhulukazi, isihloko yokwamukela abantu abamelene nani.

biology

Eziphilayo eplanethini yethu kukhona eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu kwezigidigidi ezingu-4. Ngalesi engaqondakali bezibona wobuntu wokuphila kuso salandelwa eziningi zezinhlanzi, futhi cishe le nqubo ngeke ziqhubeke unomphela. Kodwa uma kubhekwa kusukela iphuzu zesayensi of umbono kwanoma iyiphi umzimba begazi ke oyiyo, ukuhambisana nokuhlangana ngisho kakhulu ukuba khona kakhulu, futhi kumayelana ngisho nezinto eziyisisekelo. Futhi mayelana nomzimba womuntu futhi abasho lutho! Noma iyiphi indawo ye eziphilayo yayo ihlukile ezithakazelisayo.

Esizoyicabangela kulesi iphepha ukuthi receptor enjalo, kungani bayadingeka futhi lokho kwenzeke. Ngokwenza kanjalo, sizama ukuqonda ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka.

umphumela

Ngokwe-encyclopedia, yokwamukela - inhlangano ye eziyimpumelelo ka imicu yezinzwa ezinye izinzwa ngozwelo ezahlukene kanye ukubunjwa ethize lomcebo intercellular namaseli ekhethekile lokuphila izicubu. Ndawonye they bophezela ujike ithonya izici ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto avamise ukubizwa ngokuthi ezintweni, ikakhulukazi emsipheni ungacabanganga. Manje siyazi ukuthi lokhu yokwamukela.

Ezinye izinhlobo receptor womuntu ukuqonda ulwazi kanye ukuchayeka ngokusebenzisa amaseli akhethekile Lokudabuka EPITHELIAL. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e nokusingatha imininingwane mayelana ezishukumisa kuthiwa ababehilelekile futhi ilungiswe ezinzwa, kodwa umehluko phakathi kwabo ngukutsi ukukhiqiza ezinzwa amaza bengayi bebodwa, kodwa isinyathelo kuphela innervate ukuphela. Ngu okuzwa ukudla (basuke ise epithelium we ebusweni ulimi) Ngokwesibonelo ngakho isebenze. Isenzo sabo kusekelwe chemoreceptors banesibopho bezibona kanye nokwelashwa ukuchayeka chemical noma oluyingozi.

Manje siyazi ukuthi efihlekile ukunambitheka nokuthi asebenza kanjani.

aphoyintimenti

Ngamafuphi nje, la mangqamuzana ezinzwa banesibopho umsebenzi cishe zonke izinzwa. Futhi ngaphandle ezisobala kakhulu, ezifana emehlweni noma bezwa, unike amandla umuntu ukuba azizwe kanye nezinye izenzakalo: ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa, umswakama nokunye. Ngakho waxoxa indaba yokuthi ama-receptor. Kodwa ake ubabheke kabanzi.

Ezishukumisa ukuthi kusebenze receptor ezithile ongakhonza nemiphumela ehlukene kakhulu nezenzo, isibonelo izakhiwo mechanical of the ukusonteka (amanxeba kanye ukusikeka), amakhemikhali nolaka ngisho ensimini kagesi noma kazibuthe! Nokho, lokho receptor banesibopho bezibona esidlule, noma kunjalo yini ngokunembile kunqunywa. Esikwaziyo ukuthi kukhona ngempela enjalo, kodwa yaba khona kuwo wonke ngezindlela ezahlukene.

izinhlobo

Bona zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ngokuvumelana indawo emzimbeni futhi umfutho, lapho sithola amasignali e-eziyimpumelelo emsipheni. Cabanga ngo kabanzi yokwamukela ngezigaba izinkomba zokusimama eyanele:

• Chemoreceptors - banesibopho ukunambitheka kanye nephunga umsebenzi wabo kusekelwe umthelela amakhemikhali oluyingozi nezinye.
• Osmoreceptors - abathintekayo ekunqumeni ushintsho uketshezi osmotic, okusho ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa .. ingcindezi osmotic (lolu hlobo ibhalansi phakathi intracellular nasoketshezini extracellular).
• Mechanoreceptors - amasignali esekelwe imiphumela engokomzimba.
• Photoreceptors - sibonga kubo ukuthi amehlo ethu ukuthatha ebonakalayo ukukhanya bohlu.
• Thermoreceptors - banesibopho bezibona lokushisa.
• Nociceptors.

Kuyini yokwamukela abantu abamelene nani?

Ngamafuphi nje, kungenxa labo izinto ezingasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi receptor, kodwa musa ukushintsha intuthuko yabo. A agonist, kunalokho, uhlanganisa nje kuphela kodwa futhi ngenkuthalo inomthelela yokwamukela. Ngokwesibonelo, lo somabhizinisi ihlanganisa imithi esetshenziselwa izinto zokubulala izinzwa. Basuke ophucwa nozwela yokwamukela. Uma bebizwa esinqunyiwe, futhi isenzo akuphelele yabo.