Venice Biennale: incazelo, izici, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Sekuphele iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-120-Venice Biennale kugujwa abaculi kanye yobuciko. Ngokuvula iminyango yalo bonke abathandi ubuhle, Biennale njengamanje kuwumphumela lokusungula. Umcimbi njalo kabanzi wamboza cindezela. Abahluleli nekomidi ekuhleleni, okuyinto njalo yakhiwa izazi ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene, uzama ukugcina isimo ezimele embukisweni.

isinyathelo sezempi kuphela uvinjelwe tekubamba Umhlaba Forum. Wonke umuntu wamukelekile ukuba uvakashele embukisweni, ngijwayele Amathrendi yesimanje yobuciko. Iziphathimandla Venice nakanjani ugqugquzele nezivakashi ukuba zivakashe umcimbi, ukudala mnandi futhi ukhululekile ngabo. Ngakho, Venice Biennale ingenye ezikhangayo esemqoka Venice.

Uyini "Biennale"?

Lena ngamazwe art embukisweni lapho abaculi Umenyiwe wonke amazwe. Izwe ngalinye has inkundla ayo ahlukene. By the way, Ukwakhiwa kwala emadokodweni kwekhulu lama-20 senzeka ngaphansi kobuholi abaklami wezwe best. Kuvele amajaji ngamazwe ukukhethela abaculi kanye abanye emadokodweni kazwelonke, ukuhlonipha umklomelo yabo ekhethekile - "Golden Lion" noma "Isiliva Lion".

Igama elithi "Biennale" livela bis Latin - kabili futhi annuus - nyaka, ngokulandelana, lo mbukiso siqhutshwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili, unyaka ngamunye oyinqaba olunezinombolo. Ngaphandle Venetian, kukhona abanye, kodwa akuzona eyaziwa ngokuthi kahle. Kuyinto kule nkundla iwuphawu art ngaphandle admixture we ezombusazwe. Nakuba kule nemibukiso leminyaka iminyuziyamu akuyona into ezingavamile, kodwa Venice Biennale - lokuhlushwa geniuses zomhlaba.

Beka wobuciko zakho lapha - Ngizizwa ngihlonipheke kakhulu ngokuba bonke abaculi. Ngamunye uye biennale s'jabule futhi Isiqubulo okumele ilandelwe yibo bonke ababambiqhaza embukisweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhloniphekile futhi enesibopho - ukuba labahluleli sezingxoxo. Sikhungo amahora izinyanga eziningana, okuyinto zihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu. predpokazy Okokuqala, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho embukisweni wethula ukuba amajaji ke wokuvulwa, lapho imiklomelo anikezwa. Esigabeni wesithathu ukufinyelela esichasiselweni uthola umphakathi.

Eyokuqala Venice Biennale

Lo mbukiso Owokuqala waba ngo-Venice e 1885, ku isinyathelo we inxusa Ricardo Selvatiko. Khona-ke phezu iforamu kwakukhona amazwe angamalunga 16 kuphela. Kuphela ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, Venice Biennale atholwe ukubaluleka global. Eyokuqala kwakungesona isenzo lezenhlalo noma lezombusazwe, kwaba owumthombo art okumsulwa, isiteji lapho ongayiqala abantu zokudala.

Venice Biennale 2017

Kusukela ngo-May 13 kuya ku-November 26, aphethwe 57 Biennale, ngaphansi isiqubulo esithi «Viva Arta viva» (Bayede art bukhoma), okuyinto, embonweni ka labahluleli, yayizodlalwa igxile umculi nezwe lakhe.

Lokhu Venetian Biennale of Contemporary Art kwaba esikhethekile postmodern. Isithangami omenyiwe abaculi abangaphezu kuka-100 abasafufusa. A bahlole embukisweni kakhulu olusha isithombe ajwayelekile. Art lapha eseke ifomu ezifana ukufakwa lendwangu ngawo baxhumane. Umklomelo i "Best National inkundla" babe amaJalimane, okwenza ukusebenza amahora ayisihlanu.

French inkundla ethulwa ukufakwa zomculo ne iqhaza abaculi 60. Njengenjwayelo, ngaphezu kazwelonke, babesebenza iforamu evumelanisiwe emadokodweni elalinikezelwe emhlabeni, izimbali, Isikhathi kanye nezinye izihloko eziningi.

inkundla Russian ngalesi ngonyaka wayemelele art iqembu «Recycle» ne ukufakwa ngokoqobo virtual. A umculi Russian owaziwa Grisha Bruskin umxhwele umphakathi imibono yayo setepolitiki, umsebenzi bakhe babekwazisa laseBrithani i-Guardian. Futhi e inkundla wakithi waya emhlanganweni debutante Sasha Pirogova.

inkundla Russian wase-Venice Biennale

UMdali inkundla Russian ngo-1914 Schusev Aleksey Viktorovich, uMklami ahlonishwe wase-USSR. Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi abaculi Russian ukukwazi iqhaza esithangamini abadumile. Ngakho phakathi nempi eSoviet Union akazange abe khona embukisweni kuze 1956. Ngeminye iminyaka, lo mbukiso weza umculi oyedwa kuphela, isibonelo, u-Aristarku Lentulov ngo-1988.

Kodwa ngo-1924 amakhosi Russian babe 97, kuhlanganise edumile Boris Kustodiev, ngubani esiwavakashele embukisweni ngokuphindaphindiwe. Amalungu Russian Biennale kakade baningi, bese ngokuvamile kuba iqembu art. Kodwa, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo, i- "Golden Lion" Russia ongakabi otholakele.

Biennale 1977

Venice Biennale 1977 lwaluwushintsho. 38 mbukiso elalinikezelwe abaphikisi bombuso ephikisayo, ubuciko olungekho emthethweni eziseMpumalanga Yurophu ne-Soviet Union. Ngalowo nyaka, esithangamini yafakwa embukisweni imisebenzi by Soviet Bloc amazwe abaphikisi bombuso. Lokhu Biennale kubhekwa wepolitiki kakhulu emlandweni nemibukiso, esibatshela ukucasula inxusa baseSoviet ukuthi abenze noma Italy.

Nokho, lo mbukiso owawuse, ukuhlinzeka ithuba abaculi abaningi abadabuka Russian ukuthola on the forum. I-Russian inkundla kazwelonke ngonyaka safakwa Isentha iqembu abaculi, kuhlanganise Erik Bulatov, Oscar Rabin, Ili Kabakova, Anatoly Zverev, Oleg Vasiliev, Monastery Andrew, Olega Lyagacheva-UHelgi. Sekukonke kwakukhona 99.

Abahluleli ulindele ukubona Alexander uSolzhenitsyn, Mstislav Rostropovich, Andreya Tarkovskogo nezinye abaculi omkhulu, kodwa abaningi abakwazanga ukuza. Ngenxa yalokho, Venice Architecture Biennale ngo-1977 kuhlulekile, kwakungekho osaziwayo. State ukusekelwa ngokwezimali, ngokulandelana, abaphikisi bombuso akazange akwenza uzizwe izinga mbukiso. Iziphathimandla Italy wayefuna ukuba ukuthutheleka kwezivakashi, kodwa kubanda futhi isihloko uphikise ukubavimba.

Architectural Biennale

Architecture - omunye amathuluzi ebaluleke kakhulu ithonya emhlabeni. Lokhu art ihlanganisa lokusungula, isayensi kanye nabasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, i-art yezakhiwo bezilokhu iyinto enkulu ngaso sonke Biennale. Izikhonzi izakhiwo kanye yobuciko wesimanje ngesikhathi Biennale izindlela zokuhamba. Ngaphambili, isihloko izakhiwo kufakwe ngokuphelele, kodwa ngo-1980 wahlukanisa Biennale.

Venice Architecture Biennale ligcinwe njalo ngonyaka ngisho-olunezinombolo. Architectural Biennale ukukhumbuza exchange of nakho, kuba ukuboniswa ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nemiklomelo. Ngokungafani art izinkundla, lapha hhayi kuphela ukubonisa amakhono abo, kodwa futhi ukuxoxa amaphrojekthi amasha. ababukeli abavamile liphinde ezithakazelisa kakhulu, ukuthunjwa ububanzi. Ngaphandle izinkinga yobuhle ichazwe ngu nomphakathi. Architecture - ukudala izindlu ukhululekile futhi ergonomic, ukwakhiwa izibhedlela nezikole, ngaphandle kokunaka mayelana umuntu akusho lutho.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

• Ngo-2009, "Golden Lion" lithole eziyihlazo Yoko Ono ngegalelo lakhe kwezobuciko.
• Umdwebi endala 57 Biennial, Goethe unkosikazi Romanian Bretesku, kwaba 91.
• Iphuzu elithakazelisayo - umsebenzi azithengiswa lapha.
• Nxazonke, konke kwakungokwethusi emadokodweni kungaba izinsuku 2.
• Boris Kustodiev - umculi Russian kuphela, eyazuza umklomelo-Venice Biennale ngo-1907.
• UPablo Picasso sinqatshiwe abonise nomsebenzi wakhe Biennale iminyaka engu-50.
• Amathikithi - 15-30 euro.