UNikolai Tsvetkov: Biography, izithombe. Tsvetkov Nikolay Aleksandrovich, umnikazi we "Uralsib"

UNikolai Tsvetkov - ophumelelayo isiRashiya, inhloko yabangamashumi corporation "Uralsib", Billionaire. Phakathi kosomabhizinisi engamakhulu abacebe Russia, ngokuvumelana Forbes.

Eminyakeni yokuqala Nicholas

Tsvetkov Nikolay Aleksandrovich wazalwa ngo umkhaya ovamile ukusebenza Meyi 12, 1960. Indlela eya empumelelweni usomabhizinisi ihlukile kwezinye ngezindaba eziningi zabantu okuthiwa yimpumelelo: UNikolai uye wasebenza futhi wafundelwa ukuze kuzuzwe esiphakeme. He is a usosayensi kweqiniso kusuka umkhaya ovamile, okuyinto ahlahlele ngemibono ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba bahuba abantu ngaphandle kwemali. Mayelana ngempilo yakhe yangasese kuncane kakhulu ezaziwayo. UNikolai Tsvetkov indodakazi omdala kakade, ushadile futhi akukaze abahlukanisile.

Nicholas kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme ngo-1977, ngangenela Tambov Military Engineering School, kusukela lapho wathola iziqu nge-honours. Khona-ke wangena-Air Force Academy Zhukovsky, lapho zidla ubhedu futhi waklonyeliswa wendondo yegolide. Ngakho-ke ngaya ukukhonza kanye nje eminyakeni embalwa waba isikhulu sombutho wezempi. Nicholas ngisho wasebenza njengomfundisi futhi eminyakeni emibili abazinikele eMoscow Isikhungo Radio Engineering, Electronics kanye Computer Science. Ngo-1996 wamela mqondo yakhe futhi wathola idigri kwi "Marketing". Nge lwazi aluthola UNikolai Tsvetkov banquma ukuthuthela isikhundla esiphakeme umsebenzi.

umsebenzi Early

Indawo yokuqala umsebenzi Nicholas inkampani "Brokinvest", eyasungulwa kanye nomngani wakhe ngo-1992. Ngaleso sikhathi, abangane bami babengenayo dolobha yabo, ngakho Isikhwama lomthetho kwadingeka enze isinqumo esibonisa unkosikazi endlini Tsvetkova. Ngaleso sikhathi wayesevile eminyakeni engu usengumfundi, kodwa kwaba kulo nyaka ekuqaleni usomabhizinisi wokuziphilisa omuhle UNikolai wahlangana Vagit Alekperov, umongameli wamanje "Lukoil".

Vagit ubufuna ukudala inkampani yokuqala Russian thwi ihlanganiswe uwoyela wadala "Lukoil", ngaleso sikhathi kwaba yisifundo isimo. Kodwa Alekperov yenza konke eyayingakwenza ukuze ibe inkampani yangasese, futhi waqoqa abantu abanazo, ngubani kahle kuqondwe umkhakha. Wayedinga nalabo ababeyizazi ithuluzi abanamabhizinisi ukuthi cishe wayengekho Russia ngo-1992.

Ukudala "NIKOIL"

UNikolai Tsvetkov onolwazi olunzulu, kwaba-broker abanolwazi futhi bazi ukuthi lisebenze kanjani uhlelo lwezimali. Alekperov abamenyiwe Nicholas ukuba Ukukhathazeka kwakhe State ukusebenza Umeluleki wezezimali. Ngemva konyaka, Tsvetkov wadala inkampani yakhe uwoyela "Nikoil". Sathi igama ongakaphathelani igama lakhe: "Nikoil" imele Petroleum Investment Company. Kamuva, uwoyela saphela ukuletha imali main futhi inkampani uqambe kabusha UNikolai Tsvetkov. "Uralsib 'babebonakala igama elifanelekayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Nicholas baba usomabhizinisi embonini ezanda.

Imisebenzi "Nikoil"

Ngo-1992, lo mthetho kamongameli ku kudalwa izinkampani thwi ihlanganiswe ekhishwe Borisom Eltsinym kwaba. Russian uwoyela bakhangwa zimali angaphandle usanda kuphela ukuza exchange isitokwe. Bathenga amasheya ezinkampanini, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngaso izingozi ezingase zibe khona. izinkampani Russian nethuba uthole dolobha, okuyinto atshalwe ukuqhubeka. Tsvetkova kuletha imali enhle futhi esitebeleni, futhi usomabhizinisi nge "Lukoil" wazama ezimeleyo emkhakheni kawoyela. "Nikoil" lithole ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 amakhasimende sasikhathi sonke futhi yaqala ukweluleka namanye amabhizinisi. Ngo nje eminyakeni embalwa, inani amakhasimende liye landa 50.

Ekuqaleni kwawo-90 sika sabantu laliphethe imali yabo izimali ukuze uthole esheshayo ocebile. Alekperov idale "Lukoil" Isikhwama utshalomali, okuyinto aluphathisa Tsvetkov ngoba wayekholelwa ukuthi uma wezimali abanolwazi ububanzi kungaba ukulahla ngokuphelele izindlela. Kepha usomabhizinisi lowo uye wafakazela ukuthi kungenziwa Wathembela, lapho ekwazi ukulondoloza inkampani kusuka ucabanga ngemva kokuwa bomasikhuphulane izikimu. Nicholas wakwazi ukuguqula imali ukuthi amakhasimende imali ku inkampani ngamasheya, ngaleyo ndlela nokuhlanganisa isikhundla "Lukoil".

Ngaleso sikhathi, Tsvetkov kwaba wezimali yimpumelelo, kodwa engasekho. Wakwazi imali yabanye abantu futhi ngeke ushintshe imisebenzi yabo. Nicholas wayazi ukuthi iyakwazi ukuphatha izimali amaklayenti ', futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa kule ndawo.

umthelela ukukhula

UNikolai Tsvetkov Yena anquma ukuthatha umsebenzi wakhe siqu futhi ngo-1996 wavula commercial yasebhange "Ezweni" ezincane, kamuva uqambe "Nikoil". Ngezinye kwesisekelo salo ukudala imboni yabatshali-zimali-yasebhange, okuyinto belulekwa inkampani entsha. 90 Mid laphawulwa ukubonakala kakhulu izinkampani, okungase akwenze ngaphandle amasevisi ebhenki, kuhlanganise umshwalense abolekise. Futhi nakuba amakhasimende yangasese isaqhubeka imali yabo ebhange, ukugcizelela wabekwa ngokunembile osomabhizinisi kanye namabhizinisi abo.

Tsvetkov waqaphela ukuthi ezikhulayo hhayi kuphela ukufunwa amasevisi, kukhona isidingo isevisi izinga. ebhange lakhe ngomunye wabokuqala isebenze ngokuhambisana namazinga omhlaba kanye lithole ukusekela ngobukhulu emhlabeni wonke ezeluleka McKinsey & Company. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva Finance Corporation waphayona umsebenzi kwamanye amazwe futhi wakhonza abalingani angaphandle, wema ngasemnyango ikhanda UNikolai Tsvetkov. Photo ukusabalala kwayo ngesikhathi West. idumela usomabhizinisi sika ayephelele, nethonya layo embonini uvukile kakhulu.

kuqala bhiliyoni

Ngo kowezi-2000, Tsvetkov Nikolay Aleksandrovich wayengomunye osomabhizinisi Russia ezinethonya kunazo, wayaziwa ngisho nakwamanye amazwe. Inkomba impumelelo yayo kwaba Fitch isilinganiso ejensi, okuyinto wanika inkampani "Nikoil" aphakeme credit isilinganiso phakathi kwalo lonke usebe Russian.

Ngemva konyaka, Abramovich futhi Deripaska wathenga amasheya "Autobank". Kubo, lesi sinqumo ulilethele ezinye izinkinga, njengoba omunye bamasheya ezinkulu kubhekwe amalungelo abo adicilelwe. Tsvetkov wayebheke nokufuna izindlela zokwandisa ibhizinisi futhi wanquma ukuthenga amasheya enkampani. Ngaya ulwazi Nicholas kwakudingeka akhokhe $ 100 million. Nokho, ibhange wahlangana ngokugcwele okulindelwe: wanika Tsvetkov bakwazi ukuphatha amagatsha 110 ezindaweni iningi yeRussia. "Autobank" bakhonza ayizinkulungwane 400. Of zimali abazimele, ababethwala imali UNicholas.

2002 waphumelela kakhulu Tsvetkova. UVladimir Putin wasayina umthetho omusha "On the ngemuva umhlaba kwezomnotho". Siyabonga kuye, uNikolai Tsvetkov ithole ithuba ukudala corporation Agro-zezimboni, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "Izimpawu". It uqale ukusebenza nge ukuthola izwe e bomdabu esifundazweni usomabhizinisi lakhe - Krasnodar esifundeni, futhi kamuva Istra, Dmitrov nezinye izindawo esifundeni Moscow. Ngaphansi kuka iminyaka emithathu, njengoba "uphawu" kwaba zomninindawo enkulu esifundeni Moscow.

Ukuqinisa ubuholi yokulandelana kwayo ngokohlu zezimali, ngo-2002, uba Industrial futhi inkampani yomshuwalense, futhi ngemva konyaka kukhona ibhizinisi main, laso kwaba UNikolai Tsvetkov. "Uralsib" - omunye amabhange esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia, ingena impahla yakhe. Ngo-2004, usomabhizinisi kwaba ohlwini wabantu abacebe kakhulu emhlabeni ngokuvumelana Forbes, Engcebweni yakhe kwakulinganiselwa ku $ 1.3 billion.

Ukuwa kwe "Uralsib" ebhange

Ngo-2013, Central Bank waqala ngenkuthalo ukuhlola futhi ukuhoxisa ilayisensi lamabhange Russian. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana, ke olwenziwa wokuhlanza komkhakha wamabhange. Akumangalisi ukuthi enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu corporation wezimali "Uralsib" kuzofanele uhlu izinkampani ukuthi angaphansi ukuhlolwa. Ukuze UNikolai Tsvetkov wawa ezikhathini ezinzima.

ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi osomabhizinisi ibhizinisi siphele. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari ngowe-2015 kukhona amahemuhemu mayelana ukuhoxiswa kungenzeka yelayisensi, futhi ngemva sokwesulwa amalayisensi eziningana kwamanye amabhange ezinkulu ezifana sekugcineni ngempela kulindeleke.

UNicholas, Nokho, akukuniki ibhange lakho ngaphandle kokulwa. Usomabhizinisi benquma ukuthengisa non-core amafa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-August 2015 inkampani "uphawu" ithengiswe ingxenye izwe lalo eqenjini eMoscow Ananiev abazalwane "Promsvyazcapital". Isivumelwane kuziwa cishe bayizigidi ezingu-4 amahektha komhlaba, okuzokwenziwa athengiselwe 3.7 bln. Ruble. sibalo okunjalo kubonisa ngosizi usomabhizinisi, ngoba sekuyahwalala izikhathi ezimbili aphansi kwenani emakethe, kwakukhona amahemuhemu ukuthi UNikolai Tsvetkov kuqeda "Uralsib".

Kungenzeka yini ukulondoloza "Uralsib"?

Ngokusho osomnotho, inkinga ne Tsvetkova Ananyev ukhomba isimo esibucayi ebhange. Ukuze asindise "Uralsib", kudingeka imali, okungadingi ifa UNikolai Tsvetkov. Umlando wakhe ugcwele ups, kodwa manje umi endleleni we Inkinga yokuqala sina.

Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukuqhutshwa imali akwanele. Ngokusho izimo, esabekwa Central Bank, 2015, inhloko-dolobha yebhange esigunyaziwe kufanele ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20.. Le mali edingekayo ukuze sivale lapho sisilela amafa ezisebusweni ibhalansi "Uralsib". Ukuze uqhathanise, ngo-2014-dolobha inkampani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-42. Ruble.