Indlela dialectical ifilosofi

Dialectics ifilosofi - indlela yokucabanga, lapho izinto kanye izenzakalo kufundvwe ekukhuleni yabo nentuthuko, ubuhlobo obuseduze nomunye emzabalazweni nobunye eziphikisanako.

Endulo, sensuously emhlabeni lizwakale kwakubonakala kumiswa ngokuthi ungowaphakade futhi ukunyakaza, lapho bahlukene ephila futhi amunye. zefilosofi Early wabona kokuhlukana esingapheliyo emhlabeni futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthi isikhala - kuhle futhi iyonke eseqedile uyaphumula. dialectic yabo sekukhona njengoba incazelo ezinyakazayo futhi ukuphumula, kanye kuveza ushintsho engapheli elilodwa isici kolunye, kokunye ngiya kokunye.

Ngezinye amaSophist dialectical indlela svolsya ukuba kuphikisa okumsulwa: sokunaka ushintsho esiqhubekayo okuchitha imibono yomunye nomunye kanye imiqondo, bafika esiphethweni mayelana kwezinto kanye nemikhawulo yolwazi zabantu bebonke, wayekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba baqonde iqiniso.

Bor ethelayo ba eziphikisanayo nemibono - ukuthi, ngokusekelwe kulokho dialectical indlela uSocrates, isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u ngubani bachazela imibono yakhe mayelana nezwe abekho azibhala, nangezithombe, ngisho monologically. Wayehola ingxoxo nge izakhamuzi zase-Athene, lapho akushiwo isikhundla salo, futhi interlocutors ukubuzwa nge ebesifuna ukubasiza balahle ubandlululo kanye ukwahlulela kweqiniso bebodwa.

Iningi zonke indlela dialectical athuthukile Georg Hegel, isazi sefilosofi laseJalimane XIX leminyaka: umqondo yayo eyinhloko ukuthi bahlukene kukhona alizimele futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo Okusizayo embonweni nomunye. Ukungqubuzana Hegel - iyona Umfutho ukuvela umoya: kwenza ukucabanga ukuthuthela phambili, ukusuka kokulula kuya kokulukhuni, kanye nemiphumela nokuningi ephelele.

Hegel ubona ukuphikisana main kakhulu umqondo wezwe elingaphansi ngokuphelele: ngeke nje Ningamelani eliphelele, yebo, kungenjalo kungabekwa khona imikhawulo amaphiva, futhi babengavumeli ukuba ibe engenamingcele. Ukuthini ngokuphelele kumele ahlanganise elinganiselwe noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho, ngo- iqiniso elimsulwa ubunye imibono yangasese futhi kulinganiselwe ephelelisanayo aphikisanayo, aphume inertia zabo futhi ukuthola, indlela entsha truer. Ngakho ikhava traffic zonke imiqondo yangasese nemibono, yonke ngokomoya futhi emhlabeni wangempela. Bonke khona Okusondele nomunye futhi nge ngokuphelele.

indlela Hegel sika dialectical - Ukuhlola kuyinqubo imiqondo self-ngcono. Dialectics - kokubili indlela nokuqukethwe wefilosofi yakhe.

nefilosofi kaMarx, futhi, wasebenzisa indlela dialectical, kodwa uhlobene eduze ne ukukhulelwa izinto zokuphila futhi yomuntu bese-ke beba esisebenzayo: ibheka, ngokuyinhloko yezenhlalakahle kunokuba luyingxenye ukuphikisana zefilosofi.

Indlela dialectical asisetshenzisiwe kuphela West kodwa ifilosofi Eastern, isibonelo, i-China, umqondo yin ne-yang - izinhlangothi ezimbili ezahlukene eyenzekayo olulodwa, eziguqulelwa ku nomunye.

Indlela dialectical kuyinto okuphambene kuya elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo, okuyinto iguqulwe ukuze umsuka ukuphila ngokwakho, ukuthola uhlobo yokuqala ngokoqobo.