Umphumela Joule: umthetho izibonelo Joule

Ukuhambisa kunoma iyiphi umqhubi, kagesi sihamba uhlobo amandla, ngenxa lapho umqhubi ukufuthelana. ukudluliselwa Energy senziwa ezingeni zishintshe: nokuxhumana wamanje we-electron kanye ion noma ama-athomu ingxenye umbhidisi amandla lihlala yokugcina.

Umthelela ezishisayo we imikhondo zamanje ukuba ngaphezulu ukunyakaza okusheshayo izinhlayiya umqhubi. Khona-ke bayo yangaphakathi amandla inyuka futhi uguqulwe ukushisa.

Ifomula kuhlaziywa nesimo sezulu

Umthelela ezishisayo we wamanje kungaqinisekiswa ngokuthola ucwaningo ehlukahlukene, lapho umsebenzi wamanje ludlulele ngaphakathi elingaphakathi introducer amandla. Ngenxa yokwanda yokugcina. Khona-ke sithumela umqhubi emizimbeni ezizungezile, isb ukudluliswa ukushisa Kwenziwa Ukushisa umqhubi.

Formula ekubaleni kulesi simo ngale ndlela: A = U mina t.

Inani ukushisa kungenziwa okhonjiswe Q. Khona Q = A noma Q = U mina t. Ukwazi ukuthi U = IR, etholwe Q = mina R * t, okwakubekelwa washayelwa emthethweni Joule.

Ukushisa umphumela umthetho wamanje - umthetho Joule

Conductor, okuyisona i kagesi, ufundwa abacwaningi abaningi. Nokho, imiphumela enhle kakhulu kufezekiswe James Joule eNgilandi Emiliyu Hristianovichu Lentsu yeRussia. Bobabili ososayensi wasebenza eceleni futhi okwatholakala ekuqaliseni ucwaningo kwenziwe ngayodwana.

Bakhipha umthetho ngokuvumela ukulinganisa ukushisa ekhiqizwa ngenxa zamanje umqhubi. Wabizwa umthetho Joule.

Cabanga ngo ukuzijayeza umphumela Joule. Thatha Izibonelo ezilandelayo:

1. Kuvele abavamile ukukhanya isibani.
2. amadivaysi Ukushisisa.
3. Fuse efulethini.
4. Arc.

isibani

Umthelela ezishisayo we zamanje kanye ukutholakala yomthetho nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni amathuba ubunjiniyela kanye nokwanda kagesi ukusetshenziswa kukagesi. Indlela yokufaka isicelo imiphumela yocwaningo, singacabangela isibonelo ezivamile incandescent ama.

It kuhlelwe ukuze intambo ngaphakathi Yandisa eyenziwe tungsten wire. Lena metal refractory nge resistivity okusezingeni eliphezulu. Lapho edlula isibani wenziwa Ukushisa umphumela kagesi.

umqhubi amandla uguqulwe ukushisa, Kuvunguza uyabaselwa futhi kuyakhanya. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela ama-globe kagesi likhulu ukulahlekelwa amandla, ngoba kuphela ingxenye encane amandla iqala ukuba kuvuthe. The main ingxenye nje kushisa.

Ukuze uqonde lokhu kangcono, sethula kahle, okubonisa ukusebenza kanye ukuguqulwa ku ugesi. Ukuphumelela and isenzo ezishisayo we zamanje wasebenzisa ezindaweni ezahlukene, njengoba kukhona sebuningini amadivayisi ekhiqizwa ngesisekelo lesi simiso. Esikhathini heater, endzaweni lephephile kagesi, boilers namanye amadivayisi efanayo.

Iyunithi heater

Ngokuvamile ekwakhiweni amadivayisi Ukushisa metal Kuvunguza babe, futhi lapho likhona Ukushisa umsebenzi. Uma amanzi uyabaselwa, ikhoyili efakwe todvwa, futhi amadivayisi ezinjalo kunikeza ukulinganisela amandla phakathi inethiwekhi kanye exchange ukushisa.

Lapho ososayensi befunda njalo sifuna ukunciphisa ukulahleka amandla nokuthola yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu futhi eziphumelela kakhulu ekusebenziseni izifunda ukunciphisa umphumela ezishisayo we zamanje. Kusetshenziswa, isibonelo, indlela okwandisa voltage phakathi amandla transmission, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe zamanje. Kodwa ngale ndlela, ngesikhathi esifanayo kwehlisa ukuphepha zikagesi ezisebenza.

Enye focus ucwaningo yilona Ukukhetha izintambo. Phela, kusukela nezici zabo zincike nokushisa kanye nezinye izinkomba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho heater kwenzeka elikhulu amandla ukukhululwa. Ngakho-ke lemiklamo zakhiwe eziklanyelwe ngalezi zinjongo, ezingamelana nezinselele ezinjengomlilo imithwalo eliphezulu kanye izinto.

efulethini fuses

Ukuze sithuthukise ukuphepha kanye nokuvikela izifunda kagesi, wasebenzisa fuses ekhethekile. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe the abameli esemqoka ye ongaphakeme-ukuncibilika wire lensimbi. Kuthatha indawo tube ngobumba, has a ngentambo isikulufa bese uthinta maphakathi. I-plug ufakwa igobolondo itholakala ebhokisini zobumba.

I wire phambili iyingxenye wesifunda jikelele. Uma Ukushisa umphumela kagesi evele kwandisa, esigabeni umqhubi ngeke asinde, futhi uqala zigcwale amanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, inethiwekhi kuzovula, futhi ngeke kwenzeke overcurrent.

arc

I arc kuyinto Converter esebenza kahle kakhulu ugesi. Isetshenziselwa Welding izakhiwo metal, kanye umthombo onamandla ukukhanya.

Ngesisekelo idivayisi zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo. Thatha izinduku ezimbili carbon ukuthi ukuxhuma izintambo futhi unamathisele kubo kuya ezisekelweni nangokuvikela. Ngemva kwalokho izinduku uxhumeke umthombo zamanje, esinikela voltage low, kodwa lakhelwe wamanje elikhulu. Resistor axhunyiwe. Amalahle e inethiwekhi kamasipala zibandakanya kungavunyelwe, njengoba lokhu kungadala umlilo. Uma uthinta esinye amalahle, singabona ukuthi singakanani zingabantu red-hot. Kungcono yini ukubheka lo mlilo, ngoba kuyingozi iso. Kuvele arc kagesi isetshenziswa Ncibilikisa izitofu metal, kanye enjalo enamandla ukukhanyisa zalapho njengoba spotlight, namaphrojektha nokuningi.