Umdlavuza weso: izimpawu

Umdlavuza wamehlo kuwumqondo ojwayelekile, ohlanganisa izicubu eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene zeso. Ngendlela, lesi sifo singavamile kakhulu namuhla, okuyinto, eqinisweni, esikhuthazayo kakhulu.

Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula izimpawu ezibonisa isifo esinjengomdlavuza wamehlo. Izimpawu zalesi sifo aziveli ezinyathelweni zokuqala, kepha ezinye izinguquko ziyixilonga ngesikhathi.

Izinhlobo ze-oncology yamehlo

Ama-neoplasms ahlukanisiwe endaweni abakhe ngayo. Abelwe izindawo ezinjalo:

• Conjunctiva. Igobolondo elincane, elisezingeni elibonakalayo elihlanganisa yonke iso kusuka ngaphandle nangasemuva kwamajwabu amehlo.
• I-retina yigobolondo elingaphakathi leso, eliqukethe amaseli e-photoreceptor, inesibopho sokubona kwesithombe nokuguqulwa kwawo zibe yizimpikiswano zesisindo. Umdlavuza we-Retinal uholela ekulahlekelweni kombono.
• Isikhwama se-Vascular. Igobolondo eliphakathi leso, elibhekene nokudla, ukujwayela i-retina.
• I-Glaznitsa iyimithi yethambo le-eyeball.
• Izingxube ezihlukahlukene zeso, njengezinhlayiya ezibulalayo, izinkophe.

Izimbangela ze-Oncology ye-Eye

Ngokwemvelo, umdlavuza weso awubonakali ngaphandle kwesizathu, futhi uma kukhona isizathu, lesi sifo singavinjelwa.

• Isizathu sokuqala ukuhlangenwe nakho okwedlulele ngokweqile, ukungathandi ukuhlala, isimo sengqondo emndenini, ukucindezeleka. Yebo, yebo, awuzange uphendule kabi. Konke lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukiseni i-oncology noma ezinye izifo. Akuyona into yokuthi bathi zonke izifo zomuntu zivela ekhanda.
• Isizathu sesibili yi-heredity, awukwazi ukuphunyuka kuwo, kodwa ukuthambekela komdlavuza ngenxa yokuthi uneziguli eziphilayo emndenini wakho awuphezulu.
• Umdlavuza wamehlo ungabonakala, njengezifo eziningi, ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo ezimbi. Ukuba khona esifundeni sakho sezimboni ezahlukene, amabhizinisi, ngenxa yokuthi inqwaba yocucu yezohwebo eziyingozi ebonakala emoyeni nasemanzini, kanye nokungcoliswa kwegesi, kuyothinta impilo.
• Isizathu esilandelayo yisithonya esinamandla semisebe ye-ultraviolet.
• Isizathu sesihlanu somdlavuza yi-HIV.
• Imiphumela yamakhemikhali, ngokwesibonelo, ama-salts ensimbi esindayo.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile

Kuye indawo kanye nohlobo lwesakhiwo se-cell, odokotela bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziningi zomqondo jikelele we "umdlavuza weso". Izimpawu zomunye wabo zikhethekile. Kodwa-ke, uma uqhathanisa zonke izicubu, ungabona izici ezivamile, ezifanayo.

Kungenakwenzeka ukuxilonga umdlavuza weso esiteji sokuqala, kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho lesi sifo sanda, izimpawu zizozenza zizizwe. Phakathi kwabo:

• Ukukhubazeka noma ukulahlekelwa umbono. Yiqiniso, ukulahlekelwa kombono kungabonisa ezinye izifo, isibonelo, i-myopia, i-astigmatism, njalonjalo, kodwa uma une-penchant yomdlavuza (izizathu zichazwe ngenhla), ke qiniseka ukuthi uthintana ne-ophthalmologist, futhi mhlawumbe akekho, ngoba akuwona wonke umuntu I-ophthalmologist izokwazi ukuxilonga isifo esinjalo.
• Ukukhanya kukhanya noma izindawo ngaphambi kwamehlo akho. Isenzakalo esifanayo senzeke kubo bonke abantu, kodwa ngesilinganiso esincane kuneziguli ezinomdlavuza weso.
• Indawo eqhubekayo emnyama e- iris. Ungavumeli lolu daba luhambe ngokwalo, buza udokotela.
• Izinhlungu ezihlukahlukene ezweni. Nakuba kungavamile ukutholakala kwi-oncology iso, kodwa kusenzeka.
• Ubukhulu besiso.
• Noma yikuphi ukuhamba kwe-eyeball ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwe-orbit.
• Strabismus.
• Umdlavuza wamehlo ezinganeni ungahambisana ne-strabismus, okuyisifo se-retinoblastoma, sizoxoxa ngakho kamuva.

I-Nevus (imvukuzane) esweni

Kuvame ukwanele ukuthola okuthiwa ama-moles esweni. Zingaba ngomuntu kusukela ekuzalweni, zingabonakala ngesikhathi sokuphila, noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma emva kokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwama-nevus, ukwanda kwesayizi nokunyamaza, futhi esimweni esingavamile ngisho nokusabalalisa ku-cornea iso kuyabonakala ezinganeni nasebancane.

Ngezinye izikhathi izikhumbuzo ezinjalo zokubeletha zingaba flat, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ziphuma ngaphandle kweso. Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi i-nevi eningi ayiguquki futhi ayibangeli ukukhathazeka kumphathi wayo. Kodwa kuthiwani ngalezi zimpawu zokuzalwa eziyingozi kakhulu? Njenganoma yikuphi ukubeletha emzimbeni womuntu, i-nevus ingaba isifo esibi, kithi singathuthuka Umdlavuza weso. Izimpawu ezisencane ekuqaleni azibonakali, i-melanoma ebulalayo iyatholakala ngokuphelele ngengozi noma ngisho nasesiteji sokugcina. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ungabona futhi ezinyathelweni zakuqala zokuguqulwa kwesibalo sokuzalwa sibe ngumdlavuza wamehlo. Izimpawu, okumele kuthiwe, zingavamile, zichazwe ngezansi:

• Ukuwohloka komkhakha wombono, umbono ngokwawo uba mnandi kakhulu.
• I-eyeball ingahamba phambili.
• Ukuhamba kwe-eyeball kulahlekile.

Izimpawu zesifo esibuhlungu sekhulu leminyaka

Ukwenza ukuqina kobuchopho obuphezulu noma obuphansi, kanye nokukhula kwamapillomatous embala ongcolile-pink ku-conjunctiva (ijazi elincanyana elimboze iso) kungenzeka kuphela ngezicubu ezinonya zejwabu leso.

Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, kuzoholela ekupheleni kwesikhathi, lapho ijwabu leso libhujiswa ngosizo lwesilonda, esibuhlungu kakhulu. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ngisho neyeso lingasuswa ngaphandle kwe-orbit noma ngaphakathi kwalo.

Izidumbu zekhulu leminyaka ngezibalo ezijwayelekile ziqala phakathi kwazo zonke izifo ezihlobene nohlobo lwe "umdlavuza weso". Isithombe ngezansi sibonisa isigaba sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwe-oncology yekhulu leminyaka, njenge-tumor ibonakala.

Ngendlela, iningi labagulayo liwela eminyakeni engama-50 kuya kwengu-75, futhi cishe amaphesenti angama-70 azo zonke izicubu zenzeka ngokobulili obuhle.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-conjunctival

Umdlavuza wamehlo ezinganeni zaleli fomu awuvamile, futhi kuyinto engavamile ezinganeni ukuhlangabezana nezicubu zamajwabu. Kodwa ngisho nangabantu abadala lesi sifo kubhekwa njengokungavamile.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zomdlavuza ohlangene: i-papillomatous ne-pterygoid. Ngefomu le-papillomatous, kuneziqephu ezihlukahlukene ze-pink ezakhiwe phezu kwe-conjunctiva, engase iqhubekele ku- cornea yeso. Uma i-tumor yifomu le-pterygoid, kuthatha isimo sefilimu emhlophe, esinezinyosi ngaphandle kwemingcele eqondile, ngaleli fomu liphinde lishaye izitsha zamehlo.

Uma i-neoplasm iba yilapho, i-conjunctiva ikhula kakhulu, i-cartilage ishaya, futhi i-tumor ngokwayo isakazeka emithambekeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdlavuza we-conjunctival unempahla yokunikeza izidakamizwa ezigulini ze-parotid kanye ne- cervical nymph nodes.

Amacala omdlavuza ohlangene ikakhulukazi akhona kubantu abaneminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Izibalo zibonisa nokuthi abantu abanekhanda, izinwele namaso alula, banamathuba angama-5 okukhulisa lolu hlobo lwezitho zomzimba. Isibonelo, phakathi kwama-200 aseMelika aseMelika, kwakunomunye kuphela owayenomdlavuza weso. Isithombe esibonisa lesi sifo sibonisa ifilimu, i-neoplasm eceleni komfundi, nezitsha ze-splinter.

Izimpawu zamangqamuzana abulalayo

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-oncology yengqungquthela yomsindo ingenzeka. Izimbangela zokubonakala komdlavuza we-lacrimal zifana nazo zonke izizathu ezichazwe ngenhla. Ngendlela, izimonyo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nazo zingabangela umdlavuza wamehlo. Izimpawu zivela ukukhanya-okusheshayo ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala, njengoba lesi sifo siphuthuma kakhulu. Kuyoba nokuvuvukala okuqinile kwamajwabu amehlo. Yiqiniso, ukuvuvukala kweso kungathuthukisa ezinye izizathu, kodwa uma kubonakala, qiniseka ukuthi ugijimele kudokotela futhi ungalindeli ukuthi kuzodlula ngokwalo.

Esinye sezibonakaliso singase sibe ukukhala. I-astigmatism yama-myopic ingaba uphawu lokuthi umuntu udala umdlavuza weso. Izimpawu (isithombe ngakwesokudla) kungase kubonakale kungesabi, kepha ukuvakashelwa okusheshayo kudokotela kuyadingeka.

Uphawu olulandelayo luyinto encane, bese kuthi ukuhlukumeza okukhulu endaweni yangasese ngokwabo. Ngezigaba zamuva, i- eyeball ingase iwile, iguqulwe, ihambe futhi futhi ukuhamba kwayo kungase kulahleke.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-choroid

Ama-tumors anjalo angatholakala ku-iris, nakwe-choroid (i-membrane ye-vascular ngokwayo). Izimpawu zikhazimule ngokwanele, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukuxilonga umdlavuza we-choroid esweni kakade esigabeni sokuqala.

Okokuqala, amaconsi e-eyesight, amabala amnyama avela kwi-iris, akwazi ukuphoqeka! Futhi, umfundi angashintsha ukuma kwawo. I-tumor ihlala ngaphakathi kwe-choroid.

Khona-ke izinkinga ziqala ukuthuthukisa. Inqubo yokukhipha i-retina iqala, ubuhlungu obukhulu buvela, ukucindezela ngaphakathi kweso kuyanda.

Esikhathini esilandelayo, ubuhlungu buyayeka, lesi sifo asisekho emvilophini, kodwa siphumelele umngcele we-apula. Ngenxa yalokho, i-eyeball iba yiselula esincane, bese iyeka ukuhamba.

Esigabeni sokugcina, amathambo, isibindi namaphaphu ayenziwe ngama-metastases. Kumele kuthiwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo senziwa ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso esisodwa, ngaphandle kokuncipha kancane kancane embonweni.

Izimpawu ze-retinoblastoma

Umdlavuza we-Retinal - i-retinoblastoma - iyisisu esinamahloni esibulalayo, esithatha indawo ehamba phambili emvelweni wokubukeka kwezingane. Kungaphakama noma ngenxa yobudala (ngamacala angu-50%), noma ngengozi kwezinye izizathu. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane emndenini igula nge-retinoblastoma, kubalulekile ukuhlola bonke abahlobo (umama, ubaba, umfowenu, udadewabo) ukukhomba ukuthuthukiswa okufihliwe kwalesi sifo.

Uma ugula nge-retinoblastoma, izithuba ziphezulu ukuthi zizodluliselwa kumntanakho. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane kufanele ihlolwe yi-ophthalmologist, bese igcina iminyaka engama-5, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ngokuvamile umdlavuza weso emehlweni ezinganeni, izimpawu zenza bazizwe ngokushesha. Abazali kufanele bathathe lolu daba ngomthwalo omkhulu.

Ngokuvamile kakade eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila komncane, ophthalmologist onolwazi angakwazi ukuthola umdlavuza weso. Izimpawu (isithombe ngezansi) zibizwa. Iso libonisa okuthiwa i-leukocoria, eyenzeka ngamaphesenti angu-60 kuwo wonke amacala we-retinoblastoma. Ngakho-ke, uma amehlo omntanakho abukeka njengezithombe ezihanjisiwe, thatha ingane yakho bese ugijimela kudokotela.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu nemiphumela, uma isikhathi singathathi ukwelashwa:

• Uma ingane yakho ine-strabismus, buza ophthalmologist ukuze uphumelele ukuthi kungenzeka yini i-oncology. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-strabismus iyisibonakaliso sesibili esivame kakhulu se-eye oncology (20% kuwo wonke amacala).
• Izinqubo zokuvutha, photophobia, ukubukeka kobuhlungu.
• Ama-metastases ayenzeka kuma-lymph nodes aseduze nakulobuchopho.
• Njengoba i-retinoblastoma, ingcindezi yokungasebenzi ingakhula, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ezinyathelweni zamuva.
• Ukuhluma kwe-tumor ku-orbit ngokwayo kubonakala nangamacala azinaki kakhulu.

Isiphetho

Uma unezi zimpawu, ungangabazi futhi uye kudokotela. Inkulumo ethi "Futhi nakanjani ngeke ngibe nomdlavuza" ayisebenzi lapha. Kungenzeka kunoma ubani, futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngakho-ke kudingeka siqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Futhi khumbula, ngokuvamile umdlavuza uvela ngephutha lomuntu: okuhlangenwe nakho okwesaba, isimo esinzima emndenini, ukucindezeleka, imicabango yokuzibulala noma ukufa kungabangela kalula ukugula okukhulu.