UHulumeni waseRussia Federation: umyalelo wokubunjwa, ukwakheka, isikhathi sehhovisi

Uhulumeni waseRussia uyisigungu esiphezulu samandla okuphatha. Kumele abike ngomsebenzi owenziwe kumengameli. Iphinde ilawulwe yi-State Duma. Yenza imisebenzi ngesisekelo soMthethosisekelo, kanye neminye imithetho yase-federal kanye nemigomo yomongameli.

I-oda

Isikhulu esiphezulu nguHulumeni waseRussia Federation. Ukuhlelwa kokubunjwa kuqala ngokuvunyelwa esikhundleni sikasihlalo, ngubani ongumuntu wakhe oyinhloko. Lo wesithathu unquma umsebenzi oyinhloko neziqondiso zikaHulumeni. Inhloko yegunya lokuphatha ikhethwe kuphela ngemvume kaHulumeni Duma, ojabulela igunya elanele. Usihlalo kaHulumeni uvame ukuhlangana nenhloko yombuso futhi aze amise esikhundleni sakhe, uma lesi sigaba ngenxa yezizathu zezempilo singenakwenza imisebenzi yakhe.

Lo muntu ukhethwe esikhundleni sekhanda legunya lokuphatha ngumongameli ku-State Duma. Isinqumo salolu daba kufanele sithathwe phakathi nesonto. Uma kwenzeka uMbuso weDuma ulahla ukhetho lwezihlalo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesithathu, umongameli uyasichitha futhi ubeke ikhanda lomzimba ngokwakhe. Emva kwalokho, ukwakheka kukaHulumeni kulula. Usihlalo wegunya lokuphatha uphakamisa ukhetho oluqondene nenhloko yombuso, futhi umongameli uyabheka futhi avumele. Wonke amalungu kaHulumeni akakwazi ukuhlanganyela ebhizinisini nakweminye imisebenzi yezohwebo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele banikeze isitatimende sonyaka sokuthola imali.

Yingakho igunya elinjalo lezokuphatha njengoHulumeni waseRussia Federation, inqubo yokwakhiwa kwayo ngokuhambisana noMthethosisekelo kanye neminye imithetho yezinhlaka, kufanele ihlangabezane namazinga aphakeme kakhulu.

Imisebenzi

Uhulumeni waseRussia unemingcele ebanzi kakhulu yethonya, futhi aqondene nazo zonke izigaba zempilo yomphakathi wonke. Ungumhlanganyeli ohlelweni lwesabelomali, ngoba uhlanganyela ekulobeni futhi eqondisa ukubulawa.

Amakhono kaHulumeni waseRussia Federation kanje:

• Ilawula impahla yombuso, ibhekane nezinkinga zobunikazi kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwazo zonke izinkampani zomasipala;
• Iqinisekisa ukuqaliswa kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi, ezithinta isiko, imfundo, ubuciko, ngoba endaweni ngayinye kunesinqumo esithile salomzimba wokuphatha;
• Yenza izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuqinisa ukuvikela kweRussia, ukuphepha kwayo, kanye nokuqaliswa komsebenzi wezepolitiki wangaphandle;
• Ukulawula ukulwa nobugebengu, kuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela umyalelo emphakathini, amalungelo omuntu, ukuxazulula izinkinga zokwesekwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa umthetho.

Kufanele kuphawulwe lapha ukuthi lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwawo wonke amandla akhe. Ikhono likaHulumeni waseRussia Federation lukhulu kakhulu futhi luhluke kakhulu, ngoba kunenani elikhulu ngokwanele lemithetho yezinhlaka ezihlukene, izinqumo zekhanda likahulumeni, elichaza futhi lichaze imisebenzi yalo.

Ukwakhiwa

Ichazwe nguMthethosisekelo kanye ne-FKZ "KuHulumeni waseRussia Federation" futhi ihlanganisa amalungu alandelayo:

• Sihlalo;
• Abaphathi bakhe;
• Izikhonzi.

Isakhiwo semizimba yamandla okuphatha sichazwe emthethweni wesimongameli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-deputy chairmen kanye nezikhonzi zingagunyazwa abamele inhloko kahulumeni ezifundeni zombuso.

Umzimba wegunya eliphezulu kakhulu lokuphatha nguHulumeni waseRussia Federation, inqubo yokwakheka kwawo, kanye nesakhiwo namandla okuboniswa ngokugcwele kuMthethosisekelo, kanye naku-FKZ.

Ukususwa

Ukuxoshwa kukaSihlalo kuhlanganisa ukuqedwa kwemisebenzi kaHulumeni. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kokuba umengameli omusha abe namandla. Inhloko yombuso ingenza isinqumo esizimele sokuzinikela kuhulumeni, kanti uMbuso Duma ungathonya nalokhu uma engenalo ithemba kuye. Uma kwenzeka ukuyeka umsebenzi nokuqedwa kwamandla, lo mzimba uqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yawo kuphela ngesisekelo semilayezo yomengameli. Lezi zimiso zihleliwe ku-FKZ "KuHulumeni waseRussia Federation".

Isikhathi sokuqinisekisa

Umzimba weziphathimandla zokuphatha - uHulumeni waseRussia Federation, inqubo yokwakheka komthetho oyisisekelo wombuso, awunayo isikhathi esiqondile sokuphila, lapho ufeza khona imisebenzi yawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi sezenzo zakhe namandla akhethwa kuze kube yilapho umengameli omusha eba namandla. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwezigcawu, isikhathi esinjalo sisesekhona. Umongameli omusha okhethiwe ukhetha omunye uhulumeni kanye nokwakhiwa kwawo.

Lo mthetho awusho ukuthi igunya lokuphatha lizohlakazwa ngosuku lokhetho. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngemuva kokuthi inhloko yombuso ingena ehhovisi lakhe, emva kwalokho ingashiya uHulumeni wangaphambili kuze kube yilapho entsha iqala ukusebenza.

Amadokhumenti

UMthethosisekelo ubeka ukuthi ukuze uhambisane nemithetho nemigomo yenhloko yombuso, leli gunya liyavuma:

• Imiyalo - ngakho izinqumo ezindabeni zamanje zenziwa;
• Izinqumo - yizona ezibaluleke kunazo zonke, ziyisimo sokulawula.

Lezi zenzo zikaHulumeni waseRussian Federation kufanele zamukelwe emhlanganweni we-presidium, kancane kancane - kuphela yikhanda, obhalisa kubo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi imiyalo nezinqumo ziphikisana nomthetho oyisisekelo wombuso, zinganqatshwa ngumongameli. Lezi zenzo zikaHulumeni waseRussian Federation zingaphansi kokushicilelwa okugunyaziwe, ngaphandle kwalawo okukhona ukwaziswa okungeke kudalulwe.

Isimo

Uhulumeni uyinhloko esemqoka elawula izindaba zomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulawula zonke izingxenye zemizimba, imisebenzi yakhe engekho emandleni omongameli. Isimo sezomthetho sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation sinqunywa uMthethosisekelo kanye neFKZ. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuholi bakhe bufinyelela kulawo mabandla enza umsebenzi wawo emkhakheni wezenhlalo, amasiko nezomnotho.

Inhloko kaHulumeni nguSihlalo, ongaphansi kanye nezikhonzi ezisezingeni lakhe. Laba bantu baqokwa ukuba baqhube isikhundla sikamongameli kuphela, ngendlela efanayo ekuqedeni imisebenzi yabo. Inhloko yombuso ingaqondisa umsebenzi kaHulumeni futhi ihambele imihlangano yayo, nakuba ingayiholeli. USihlalo uhlela umsebenzi walo mzimba, unelungelo lokuvotela isinqumo esinqunyiwe, umelela izithakazelo zezwe ngaphandle kwemingcele yalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubonisa zonke izenzo ezamukelekayo nemibiko kumengameli okufanele abe ngumphathiswa noma ukubonga.

Iphini likaSihlalo weHulumeni waseRussia Federation, kuye ngokuthi yiziphi ezenza amandla futhi yiziphi izigaba ezixhumanisa umsebenzi wezinhlangano zombuso wegunya lokuphatha, zingahlanganyela emhlanganweni wazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angenza imisebenzi kaSihlalo ngokwakhe, uma lesi sizathu, ngenxa yezizathu ezizwakalayo, asikwazi ukuhlanganyela okwesikhashana emsebenzini wakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphiko linelungelo lokubamba imihlangano ye-Presidium.

Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezithile zombuso, lo wesifazane unelungelo lokuqhuba umsebenzi wenhlangano endaweni okudingeka ngayo ukuheha ochwepheshe. Isekela ngalinye likaSihlalo weHulumeni waseRussia Federation liqapha umsebenzi nemisebenzi yeziphathimandla zokuphatha ezingeni eliphakeme.

Kanti, izikhonzi ezingamalungu kahulumeni zibandakanyeka ekulungiseni izinqumo, emva kwalokho zisebenza ekusebenzeni kwazo. Uma usebenzisa amandla awo, kumele abike kuHulumeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlangano yamandla aphezulu ekuxazululeni imisebenzi ethile ingenza i-Presidium, efaka amalungu angu-12. Imihlangano yabo ibanjwe kanye ngezinsuku eziyisikhombisa.

Ngakho-ke, isimo sezomthetho sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation siqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwayo ekuxazululeni imisebenzi ekhethekile yombuso kanye nokwamukela imithetho kamasipala engahambisani noMthethosisekelo futhi wandisa umphumela wabo ezweni lonke.

Idivayisi

Ukusebenzisa izinqumo ezamukelwe, uHulumeni ubeka igunya lakhe elikhethekile. Inikeza futhi iqondise imisebenzi yayo. IHhovisi likaHulumeni emsebenzini walo lilawulwa ngumthetho ophakeme kakhulu wombuso kanye nemigomo yomongameli, kanye nezinye izenzo ezijwayelekile. Iholwa ngusihlalo ngokwakhe, noma iphini lakhe, obizwa ngokuthi yinhloko yalesi sigaba sokuhlukanisa iziphathimandla, noma uNgqongqoshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-apparatus isebenza emisebenzini yayo ukuhlinzekwa kuHulumeni waseRussia Federation, owavunyelwa yisimiso.

Imisebenzi esemqoka yalo mzimba ingokulandelayo:

• Ilungiselela imibono yobuchwepheshe ekuqinisekiseni izenzo ezingenayo, ezidinga isinqumo;
• Yenza imiyalo kaSihlalo;
• Ilawula ukuqaliswa kwezinqumo zikaHulumeni;
• Uqhuba imihlangano ngemiyalelo yekhanda;
• Ixhumana namakamelo e-Federal Assembly;
• Ibonisa izithakazelo zeziphathimandla zokuphatha.

I-oda lokuya endaweni

Usihlalo kahulumeni ukhethwe esikhundleni sokuthunyelwa kuphela yi-head of state, kodwa ngokuvuma kukaHulumeni Duma. Okhethwe isikhundla esinjalo kufanele abe yisakhamuzi saseRussia kuphela. Isiphakamiso esinjalo sizothunyelwa ngumengameli omusha kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14 kusukela ngosuku lokufika kokungena esikhundleni noma emva kokushiya isikhundla sikasihlalo omdala.

I-State Duma ingacabangela ukhetho oluhlongozwayo phakathi nesonto elilodwa. Uma kwenzeka esenqatshelwe isiphakamiso sikaMongameli izikhathi ezintathu, unelungelo lokunquma ekuqothulweni kwalo futhi akhethe ukhetho olulandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yalesi sikhundla uyayamukela isakhamuzi ngokwakhe.

Inqubo yokuqoka uNdunankulu waseRussia Federation inqunywe nguMthethosisekelo kanye neFKZ. Umongameli unamandla amakhulu.

Ukuxoshwa kokuthunyelwe kosihlalo kuhambisana nokushiya kukaHulumeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lesi sikhulu singasula isikhundla sakhe.

Uma kwenzeka umengameli engakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe nganoma yisiphi isizathu, usihlalo kahulumeni uyenzela yona.

Inhlangano

Yonke imisebenzi kaHulumeni yenziwa ngesisekelo se:

• Umthethosisekelo.
• I-FKZ ka-17.12.1997.
• Imithethonqubo nemithethonqubo ka 01.06.2004.

Emihlanganweni yomzimba, enye yezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezibalulekile zezwe, ezihlobene nokuphila komphakathi kanye namasiko, kanye nenqubomgomo yangaphandle iqondiswa. Ngokuhambisana nalokho okucatshangwa ngakho:

• Iziphakamiso mayelana nokukhishwa kwamasheya kahulumeni, ngokwandisa intela;
• Izinhlelo ezihleliwe;
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nokuzibandakanya kwempahla ye-federal.

Imihlangano ibanjwe uma kunesidingo, kodwa hhayi okungenani kanye ngenyanga. Ngokusho komThethosisekelo, bangaba khona umongameli, nangabe usihlalo ngesizathu esithile angeke ahlanganyele kuzo (ukuhamba, ukuhamba ibhizinisi, ukugula). Mayelana nokuthi uhulumeni waseRussia umelelani, umyalelo wokubunjwa, ukwakheka, isikhathi sehhovisi, kusho umthetho oyinhloko wombuso, okwenza lo mzimba amandla anele.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Umsebenzi wesigungu esikhulu segunya lokuphatha senziwa ngokuhambisana nezinhlelo ezithile, okumele zinikezwe zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-15 ngaphambi kosuku lomhlangano. Lo mthwalo wemfanelo unikezwa kubaholi abangamalungu kaHulumeni futhi benza imisebenzi enjalo emhlabathini. Lezi zakhamuzi zithwale umthwalo wemfanelo wokulungiselela izinto. I-ajenda yokuhlela kufanele ilungiswe yi-Head of the Apparatus futhi ihanjiswe kuSekela noSihlalo kaHulumeni. Uma le dokhumenti ivunyiwe yilokugcina, izothunyelwa kubo bonke abahlanganyeli bomhlangano, kodwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa.

Umbuso weziphathimandla zokuphatha - uHulumeni waseRussia Federation, ukwakheka, inqubo yokwenza, amandla agcinwe ku-FKZ ka-17.12.1997, ebeka izinhloso zayo futhi icacise izindawo zomsebenzi.

Ukuxhumana

Uhulumeni unikeza ngemali enkantolo izinkantolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa kwezinqumo zale mizimba. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezinye izinqumo ziphathelene ngqo nezinkantolo futhi zikhomba nokusebenza kwazo ngokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igunya lokuphatha lihlanganyela ngokuhlanganyela ne-Federal Assembly, ngoba linelungelo lokuletha isinyathelo somthetho lapho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uHulumeni uphawula imibono yokuthi ngabe uzofaka noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukukhokha intela, futhi ucabangele nezindleko ezidingekayo uhulumeni ngenxa yesabelomali. Futhi, leli gunya linelungelo lokwenza izichibiyelo kulawo mithetho ebhalwe phansi ekhonjelwe ku-State Duma.

Okushoyo

Lo mzimba wesifunda uthathwa njengesisekelo samandla okuphatha kulo lonke izwe. Ukubunjwa nenqubo yokwakhiwa kukaHulumeni waseRussia Federation kunqunywe kuMthethosisekelo, nakwezinye i-FKZ, eyamukelwa ngoDisemba 1997. Lezi zenzo ezijwayelekile azikwazi ukwehla kunabanye, ngakho-ke imisebenzi yalesi sigunyaziwe yenziwa ngokuhambisana nabo.

Uhlelo lukahulumeni waseRussia Federation lungcono kakhulu. Inemisebenzi yayo kanye nesigaba somthetho esiqinile. Iholwa nguHulumeni waseRussian Federation, olawula izinhlangano zombuso wezokuphatha, okwakamuva, okulawulwa yizinsizakalo, izinsizakalo nama-ejenti. Ngamunye wabo unamandla akhe.

UMnyango wenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Uthuthukisa izinhlelo zenqubomgomo yomphakathi;
• Ilawula izindawo zomsebenzi ezisungulwa ezenzweni zikaHulumeni.

Lezi zinsizakusebenza ziqondisa nokulawula izindawo ezithile zokuphila kwabantu, emkhakheni wokuvikela imingcele yezwe kanye nokuzivikela, ukuqapha ukuhambisana nokuhleleka komphakathi, nokulwa nobugebengu.

Ama-Agencies anemisebenzi yawo siqu, ngaphezu kokuqondisa nokulawula. Bahlinzeka ngezinsiza zokuphathwa kwendawo kahulumeni, ukusatshalaliswa kwayo, futhi banemisebenzi yokuphoqelela.

Naphezu kwamandla adluliselwe kumphathi wezokuphatha, ngezinqumo eziningi umengameli uthatha ingxenye futhi ngisho ngezinye izikhathi uhola imihlangano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uSihlalo weHulumeni uqokwa esikhundleni sakhe futhi usula emsebenzini wakhe kuphela. Futhi, umzimba wegunya lokuphatha awunayo isikhathi esinqunyiwe sehhovisi, nakuba empeleni kuncike kumongameli.