Ubuchwepheshe Personality-ngamakhasimende zasenkulisa esikoleni

Bezingosi - inqubo kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba kukhona amalungu angesikhathi esizayo umphakathi. Badinga sokulungiselela ukuphila kuwo ukuze embule zonke amathuba kwako futhi. Eminyakeni yamuva, othisha ziya ziba mandla ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe ubuntu ngamakhasimende. Uzisebenzise sebeqala kakade nezikhungo pre-school, okwandisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwabo.

Kuyini lokhu?

Ngokokuqala ngqá leli gama itholakala umsebenzi sokusebenza kwengqondo noKarla Rodzhersa. Yena kungokwalabo ubufakazi imfundiso yokuthi umsebenzi oluphumelelayo lwemfundo kanye psychotherapeutic idinga, ngokuvamile, indlela efanayo.

Rogers uthi ukuze aphumelele kulezi zindaba yikhono kubaluleke kakhulu uzwela komunye umuntu, umuntu uthatha ngaphandle eminye imibandela. Igama elithi Pedagogical "ubuchwepheshe ubuntu ngamakhasimende" yasekhaya imibuthano kubhekwa njengento enye yezindlela nokuxhumana, lapho thishela inikeza ukuthuthukiswa obunobunye iningi ubuntu bengane namakhono akhe ngesisekelo kuphela walabo okuyizimfanelo isici umuntu othize.

Mfushane Umlando

Kwasukasukela, okungukuthi, ekhulwini XVII-XVIII, wahlala eRussia umninindawo. Futhi wayedume yokuthi ngamunye serfs wakhe babehlala ngokucebile, kodwa namanje babenedumela Nokho ingcweti ezingavamile kwezinye indawo. Omakhelwane babanomona futhi zazibuza: kwakungenzeka kanjani umnumzana kuthatha smart, abantu abaningi kangaka abanamakhono?

Uma beza kuye isiwula wendawo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wayengumuntu lwalutho, futhi emsebenzini Angazi ngempela ukwazi ukuthi indlela noma yezandla azifundisiwe. Esinye kungaba lapha kakade, futhi waphakamisa isandla ngesikhathi shabby, kodwa umnikazi wayiyeka ngesandla esisodwa, isikhathi eside ukubukela le ndoda engajwayelekile. Futhi waphawula ukuthi "Isiwula" izinsuku ukuphela ikwazi ukuhlala esihlalweni, wokucwebezelisa emikhonweni obuncane ingilazi, eyilethe isimo rock crystal.

Vele owodwa ngizelwe abampofu ayebhekwa best in lonke ingilazi Washer eMoscow, amasevisi yakhe yayithandwa ukuze serf wangaphambili, ngaleso sikhathi kwase kuyisikhathi eside wathenga yena inkululeko yakhe, wenza uhlu lwezimfanelo labo abafisa ukwenza cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi ...

Yiziphi sonke lesi ukukutshela? Yebo, into wukuthi lesi sibonelo - umfundi ngamakhasimende "emkhakheni" ubuchwepheshe zakudala. Umnikazi wepulazi wakwazi ukubona eduze ukuze ngamunye futhi ukukhomba labo amathalenta womuntu ukuthi abangu bagxilisa kuye kusukela ekuqaleni. Ezikoleni kanye izinkulisa kothisha ncamashi imisebenzi efanayo.

Into okufanele ibhekwe ubuntu bengane?

Lokhu imfundiso ubuntu bengane isihloko kuqala; okungukuthi ukuthuthukiswa salo iwumgomo oyinhloko lefundo lonke. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi eside, le ndlela ubizwa anthropocentric. Into esemqoka njalo nikhumbule uthisha, wukuthi izingane okufanele ngabe siyayithola inhlonipho ephelele nokusekela konke okufunayo yabo okudala. Uthisha kanye umfundi kumelwe basebenze ndawonye ndawonye ngaphambi kokufinyelela iqoqo imisebenzi.

Ngokuvamile, indlela umfundi-igxile, ubuchwepheshe kuhlanganisa nombono wokuthi inqubo yezemfundo kumele lihlale kahle ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ingane, uyobangela umqondo wakhe kuphela sokuphepha kanye nesifiso amakhono abo athuthukise.

Uma sikubeka kalula, umntwana ngamunye kudingeka uhlinzeke ukuzimela okuningi. Ithuba lokukhetha, osemusha is ngcono kakhulu athuthukile, njengoba enza ukuthi akazange athonywe izici zangaphandle, kodwa kuphela ngenxa kwentando yakhe futhi isifiso sokufunda.

I imigomo esemqoka kanye nezinhloso

Pho-ke, kufanele ulandele imithetho, "ngivuma" ubuchwepheshe ubuntu-ngamakhasimende imisebenzi yokufundisa? Oh, kunezindlela eziningi. Ake zibhale ngokuningiliziwe:

• Kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa nokwenza amahlelo asebenze ekwenzeni ngabanye ukuqeqeshwa, okuyinto ukugxila iziphiwo namakhono zengane ngayinye.
• Thina kumele kwenziwe imidlalo kwesakhiwo sekulingisa, inkhulumomphendvulwano iqembu.
• Ngaphakathi dalo of imfundiso indaba okufanele ngokuqondile ngokwabo oqeqeshiwe. Lokhu zishukumisa kakhulu isithakazelo sabo isihloko ngaphansi cwaningo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe umfundi ngamakhasimende zemfundo kumele ngempela acabangele okulandelayo izinto Izici:

• Phakathi nesifundo kufanele kucwaningwe ngokubandakanya isimo psycho-ngokomzwelo abadlali bakhe.
• Ukulondoloza eliphakeme ugqozi.
• nakho Ukukhomba ingane ngayinye ekilasini ngesihloko ezihlongozwayo. Indaba kufanele ukukhonzwa, ukugxila izici ezithile eqenjini ngalinye oqeqeshiwe.
• Lapho echaza entsha, ingane engaziwa ukuba eside, kudingeka ngokunembile ukuletha kuye nencazelo yalo. Imibuzo "Ukuqonda?" Futhi nodding ngoyebo ekuphenduleni ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuthi akekho uthisha noma ikhasimende lakhe akanandaba yokufunda yangempela.
• Bantfwana kumele asebenze sokusebenza kwengqondo njalo abanolwazi, ngesisekelo okuyinto izincomo kanye yonke inqubo yemfundo yakhiwe. Empeleni, ubuntu ngamakhasimende imfundiso nobuchwepheshe azinakwenzeka ngaphandle zokusebenza kwengqondo eduze sisebenze ekilasini ngalinye.
• Ikilasi kumele kabanzi umkhuba wokusebenzisa iqembu, pair noma umsebenzi ngamunye, ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa lapho kubhekiselwe othandweni isigaba "phambi" indlela.
• Ungakhohlwa mayelana amazinga ehlukene bezibona abafana namantombazane. Ngamafuphi nje, emsebenzini kufanele nakanjani acabangele ubukhulu ubulili. Lobu buchwepheshe imfundo umfundi-igxile kukhona ngokuphelele sihluke izindlela eziningi nemfundiso asetshenziswa ezikoleni lanamuhla.
• isihloko ngasinye kufanele kuxoxiswane ngakho usebenzisa ezihlukahlukene izindlela zokufundisa. Lokhu kuvumela ingane ukufunda kangcono kanye kubacinisa impahla engqondweni.
• Kuyadingeka ukuba sebenzisa i-self wesifunda kanye ne-mutual kokuhlaziywa ukumuncwa impahla umfundi ngamunye.
• Kuyadingeka ukuba ahlele inqubo yokufunda ukuze izingane uvele unethemba amakhono abo futhi amakhono.
• kuveza Kuyisibopho ekupheleni ukuqeqeshwa ngalinye: bafundzi lokho abakufundile, thishela abatjele zonke izikhathi ezithakazelisayo.

imiqondo ngezigaba

Ucabangani, kungani igama elithi 'ubuchwepheshe umfundi ngamakhasimende "elisetshenziswa imfundo? Okuningi ngokunembile, kungani lo mqondo kuthiwa lisebuningini? Kulula. Kuyinto ebhizinisini ubuchwepheshe, kukhona eziningana. Ikuthebula, asigcinanga ukuchaza kubo, kodwa futhi ukunikeza incazelo emfushane kodwa esibanzi zohlobo ngalunye oluphilayo zakwazi. Ngakho, iziphi imibono yabo? ubuchwepheshe Personality ngamakhasimende zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyisithupha eziyinhloko, ezichazwe ngezansi.

Izinketho main yenqubo yokufunda

othisha Modern abasebenzisa siqu ngamakhasimende nokuxhumana ubuchwepheshe ahlukanisa ngokushesha ezine samuntu eyisisekelo yaleli nokuxhumana. Ngamunye wabo kufanele "zama", njengoba akuzona zonke uthisha ungasebenza kahle ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine.

Enobuntu siqu ndlela yokukhulisa ingane

Maphakathi semfundo kuleli cala, kufanele kube iqoqo nobuntu ngamunye izingane abaqeqeshiwe wena. Esikoleni kukhona umgomo oqondile eyodwa kuphela - ukuvusa ithule izimfanelo kwangaphakathi namatalenta isigceme, nizisebenzise kuzo ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo umuntu omusha. Kulesi indlela busa imibono elandelayo:

• Personality ibekwe "iyahola". Kuyinto kusukela izici zayo ancike izici inqubo yemfundo lonke. Ngakho, ubuchwepheshe ubuntu-ngamakhasimende esikoleni lokucabanga nobungane esiphezulu yenqubo yokufunda umfundi ngokwakhe.
• Ubuhlobo Pedagogical nabafundi kumele kube njengoba yeningi. Mfundisi umfundi - abalingani alinganayo, hhayi balukhulume isigqila.
• Ithi "Cha" ukuphoqwa ngqo njengoba indlela, okuvame akukuniki nethonya langempela omuhle esikhathini eside.
• indlela ngamunye hhayi kuphela ezifudumele, kodwa futhi kuyiyona ndlela eyinhloko esetshenziswa lapho ukuqeqeshwa.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe umfundi ngamakhasimende (Yakimanskaya ngokukhethekile) ukuhlinzekela isidingo ukuchaza ingane imiqondo "umuntu", "inkululeko yabo. '

Kuvuselela Didactic nokuthuthukisa eziyinkimbinkimbi

Umbuzo oyinhloko uwukwenza: yini nokuthi ukufundisa abafundi? Kulokhu, okuqukethwe ohlelweni ukuqeqeshwa ngokwalo kuphela indlela sokuthuthukiswa ashukumisayo futhi evumelanayo esigcemeni, hhayi njengoba umgomo kuphela esikoleni. Kabanzi abafundi omuhle ingqondo. Kuyadingeka ukwethula izindlela zokufundisa ukuthi ngqo sikhuthaze izingane ukuba babe nolwazi into entsha.

Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yemfundo kumele teaching imibono, okuyinto zichazwe imisebenzi kaRudolf Steiner, V. F. Shatalova, S. N. Lysenkovoy, P. Erdnieva, kanye nezinye izifundiswa, yaqaphela ukuthi "Metro" kukhona kude didactic indlela.

umqondo imfundo

Kulokhu, lo mfundi ngamakhasimende ubuchwepheshe zemfundo kubonise izitayela ezinkulu okwakuyinsakavukela esikoleni yesimanje:

• Lesi sikole kufanele kube hhayi kuphela umthombo wolwazi, kodwa kusho wokufundisa esizukulwaneni esisha. Empeleni, lo othisha eyaziwa kahle futhi iSoviet, kodwa namuhla mayelana nalesi sici esibalulekile ngandlela-thile njalo ukhohlwe.
• Njengakuwo wonke izibonelo langaphambilini, umfundi ngamunye kufanele akhokhe ukunakwa main.
• Imfundo kufanele kube orientation neyobuntu, e indlela intsha eziphatha kufanele ukhuthaze imibono jikelele zobuntu nesihawu.
• Kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa amakhono zokudala zengane ngayinye ngaphandle kokukhetha.
• Ezikoleni, izindawo kudingeka sinake ekhethekile ukuvuselelwa amasiko kazwelonke kanye namasiko abantu encane, abameleli okuyinto uhlala khona.
• ukuqeqeshwa sabaqashi kufanele kuhlanganiswe umthinta siqu.
• Izinhloso kumele enziwe kusuka imisebenzi kokulula kuya kokulukhuni, ngokwanele ekuhloleni amakhono ngamunye umfundi ngamunye.

Pedagogization imvelo

Ngokomlando, yini esikoleni saba isikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu zomphakathi, ogama value kunzima overestimate mhlawumbe. Sikanye nomkhaya futhi isimo senhlalo, yena-ke isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke ukuthi inquma ukuqhubeka ngabanye.

Imiphumela kumiswa zinqunywa inhlanganisela yazo zonke izici ezintathu. Nanku okushiwo le ndlela, okuyinto, futhi, sekuyisikhathi eside olusetshenziswa ngothisha bomdabu abanolwazi. Kuyinto ukubaluleka ukuxhumana nabazali kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi, njengoba lokhu kuzodala imvelo evumayo kakhulu ekwakhekeni nobuntu ingane.

Izici komsebenzi zasenkulisa

Njengoba sesifundile kakade, futhi lisetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ubuntu-ngamakhasimende zasenkulisa. Yiqiniso, kulesi simo, zikhona izici ezithile ukuthi nakanjani kucatshangelwe enqubeni.

Namuhla busa kukhona zobuchwepheshe, okuyinto zigcwele ungqimba umphakathi wanamuhla ngamunye. Umsebenzi we uthisha ukuthi, ngisho enkulisa ukubophela amandla ubuchwepheshe interactive zemfundo. Lokhu kuzovumela isithakazelo ngokushesha izingane, ukuze ibanike isisusa isifundo ezimele themes ezihlongozwayo.

isikhundla wengane inqubo yemfundo kubalulekile. Umhlinzeki kufanele ihambisane inkolelo elula: "Hhayi khona, hhayi phezu kwalo, futhi ndawonye" Inhloso indlela enjalo yokuhlaziya isimo - ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba kwenyuswe ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo umuntu oludonsa, ezethemba, ukususa izakhiwo, okuyinto kakhulu ukuvimbela ukudlula inqubo evamile zemfundo.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we uthisha enkulisa Ukwakheka kwezitho uhlobo locwaningo acabange ikhono kwengane kumina, cwaningo bayazi nokufanele emzungezile. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indlela eyinhloko umsebenzi kufanele kube vospitatelskoy ubuchwepheshe izixazululo ezinye zemiraro ngendlela elula, ngendlela playful. Udinga ukunikela izingane ezinye umsebenzi ukuthi zingaxazululwa ngokufeza ucwaningo ezithakazelisayo futhi kujabulise.

izindlela eziyisisekelo emsebenzini enkulisa

Iziphi izindlela namasu kufanele ngaleyo ndlela ukuqondiswa? Ake zibhale ngokuningiliziwe:

• Izingxoxo "heuristic uhlobo", lapho izingane umkhuba ungaqinisekisa ukunemba uthisha impahla ezixoxwa.
• Isixazululo yonke imibuzo ezivukayo ubunjalo inkinga "on the fly", ngaphandle kokuqina. Kungenjalo, ingane ingase baphelelwe isithakazelo izifundo cwaningo.
• ukuqapha okuqhubekayo zomhlaba ezizungezile.
• Modeling sezinto eziqhubekayo njalo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo.
• Isitatimende Ekuhloleni okufanayo.
• Zonke imiphumela kanye ucwaningo kufanele kurekhodwe ngesimo ezimibalabala, imidwebo enemininingwane.
• Uma kungenzeka, udinga imenze izinga ekilasini ama-handouts, zihlanganisa ukuqopha umsindo izilwane zasendle.
• Umhlinzeki kumelwe anikele umfundi ukuba silingise lezi imisindo, ukuchitha umdlalo ezinezihloko.
• Ukugcizelela ku izincazelo kumele kwenziwe ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma kwezobuciko, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba ngokunembile futhi kahle baveze abakucabangayo, musa siyakhubeka. Ngakho sisakhula futhi silulumagama lesifanele, okuyinto nakanjani ewusizo kumuntu, futhi kuzo zonke izinkathi okwalandela zokuphila kwakhe.
• Ukubekwa izimo namaqiniso ezidinga kwemvume yabo ngezindlela zokudala.
• Abahlukahlukene zabasebenzi umzimba.

Ngakho sabuka lokho kufanele kuhambisane ukusetshenziswa ngokufanele ubuchwepheshe ubuntu-ngamakhasimende izikhungo yesimanje zemfundo kanye izinkulisa.